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University of Sheffield: Basic Questions

This document contains a tutorial on open channel hydraulics with examples of calculating flow parameters such as velocity, discharge, area, hydraulic radius, and stage-discharge relationships for various channel geometries including rectangular, trapezoidal, and triangular channels. It also includes intermediate questions calculating parameters for given flow conditions and channel dimensions.

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John R
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62 views8 pages

University of Sheffield: Basic Questions

This document contains a tutorial on open channel hydraulics with examples of calculating flow parameters such as velocity, discharge, area, hydraulic radius, and stage-discharge relationships for various channel geometries including rectangular, trapezoidal, and triangular channels. It also includes intermediate questions calculating parameters for given flow conditions and channel dimensions.

Uploaded by

John R
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL AND STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING


CIV233 Open Channel Hydraulics-Tutorial Sheet 1
Uniform Flow

Basic Questions
1.

0.9m

0.6m
A = (0.6 + 0.9)0.9 = 1.35m2
p
P = 2 0.92 + 0.92 + 6 = 3.15m
R = A/P = 0.429

Q = v/A = 0.8/1.35 = 0.593m/s


(a)

C = 42
p
v = C S0 R
v21
S0 =
C R
0.593 2 1
= 4.64 104 = 1 : 2160
=
42 0.43

(b)
n = 0.015
1/2

R2/3 S0
v=
n
 vn 2
S0 =
R2/3


0.593 0.015 2
= 2.44 104 = 1 : 4100
=
0.432/3

2.

yn

1
1.5

7m
Q = 30m3 /s

S0 = 1.5 104

n = 0.015

A = (7 + 1.5yn ) yn = 7yn + 1.5yn2


q
P = 2 yn2 + (1.5yn )2 + 7
p
= 2 yn2 + 2.25yn2 + 7
p

= 2 3.25 yn2 + 7
= 3.61yn + 7
1/2

A2/3 S0
A
P 2/3 n
1/2
A5/3 S
= 2/3 0
n
P
Qn
A5/3
= 2/3
1/2
P
S0

Q = vA =

5/3
7yn + 1.5yn2
30 0.015
=
1.5 104
(3.6yn + 7)2/3
rearrange
yn =

y
2
2.72444
2.28308
2.56382
2.39007
2.49944
2.43132
2.47403
2.44737
2.46406

s


s


36.742 (3.6yn + 7)

36.742 (3.6yn + 7)

2/3

2/3

2.72444
2.28308
2.56382
2.39007
2.49944
2.43132
2.47403
2.44737
2.46406
2.45363

3/5

3/5

7yn

7yn

1
1.5

1
1.5

3.
n = 0.06

S0 = 1/100

A = 1.5yn

P = 1.5 + 2yn

1/2

Q = vA =
=

A5/3 S0
P 2/3 n
(1.5yn )5/3

0.0002251/2
0.015
(1.5 + 2yn )2/3

yn
0.1000
0.2000
0.3000
0.4000
0.5000

Q
0.0073
0.0216
0.0397
0.0604
0.0829

Stage Discharge Curve


0.09
0.08
0.07

0.05

Q m /s

0.06

0.04
0.03
0.02
0.01
0

0.1

0.2

0.3
yn (m)

stage discharge curve

0.4

0.5

0.6

Intermediate Questions
4.

yn

1.5m
n = 0.06

S0 = 1/100

A = 0.7m2

yn = 0.7m

P = 2.4m

R = A/P = 0.29
1/2

R2/3 S0
v=
n
0.292/3 0.11/2
=
0.06
Q = vA = 0.51m3 /s
For pipe
Q = 0.51m3 /s

n = 0.015

A=

D2
4

P = D

1/2

R2/3 S0
Q = vA = A
n
D2 (D/4)2/3 0.011/2
0.51 =
4
0.015
0.51

0.015
4 42/3
D2 D2/3 =
0.011/2
D=

0.51 0.015 4 42/3


0.011/2

!3/8

= 0.59m

5.

yn

5m

S0 = 1/1600

yn = 0.8

Q = 4.8

(a)
A=4

P = 6.6

Q = vA = A

R = A/P = 0.606

1/2
R2/3 S0

n
4 0.6062/3 0.0006251/2
4.8 =
n
4 0.6062/3 0.0006251/2
= 0.0149
n=
4.8

(b)
yn = 1.2

A=6
Q=

P = 7.4

0.812/3

R = A/P = 0.81

0.0006251/2

0.0149

= 8.7m3 /s

6.

0.9D

S0 = 1/1600

n = 0.011

Q = 1.5

D2
+ 0.4D2 = 0.792D2
8
D
P =
+ 0.8D = 2.371D
2
0.792D2
R=
= 0.334D
2.371D
A=

1/2

AR2/3 S0
n
0.792D2 (0.334D)2/3 0.0006251/2
1.5 =
0.011

1.5 0.011
D=
= 1.23m
0.0006251/2 0.38

Q = vA =

7.

45

S0 = 0.001

n = 0.02

Q=4

v=1

A = (b + d) d
= bd + d2

b=

4 d2
d

p
d2 + d2

= b + 2 2d

P =b+

Substitute (1) into(2)

4 d2
+ 2 2d
d
4
= + 1.828d
d

P =

1/2

AR2/3 S0
Q=
n

2/3
4
4 4/d+1.828d
0.0011/2
4=
0.02
3/2

4
0.02
=
1/2
4/d + 1.828d
0.001
1.828d

4
4
+ =0
0.503 d

1.828d2 7.95d + 4 = 0

Use quadratic formula

b2 4ac
7.59 5.83
=
= 0.58m
2a
3.656

d=

b=

4 d2
= 6.3m
d

(1)

(2)

8.

yn

yn = r (1 cos )

A = r2 ( 0.5 sin 2)

P = 2r

Q = 0.5
yn = 0.5

yn 
cos1 = /2
= 1
r
A = 0.393
P = /2

R = 0.250

v = Q/A = 0.5/0.393 = 1.27


1/2

v=

R2/3 S0
n

1/2

S0
n

1.27
= 3.2
0.252/3

if yn = 0.7
= 1.98

A = 0.587

P = 1.98

v = 0.2962/3 3.2 = 1.42m/s

Q = 1.42 0.587 = 0.835m3 /s

R = 0.296

9.

A = l.cos()l.sin()
A = l2 cos()sin()
use the trigonometric identity
sin2 = 2sincos
l2
sin2
2
P = 2l

A=

R = A/P =

1 l2
l
sin2 = sin2
2l 2
4

l
dR
= cos2
d
2
dR
=0
d

cos1 (0)
= 45 deg
2

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