Scribd
Upload
47 views5 pages

Tutorial3 Soln

1) The document provides equations for calculating the Hamiltonian (H) for various quantum mechanical systems. It summarizes the commutation relations used to derive the time evolution of operators. 2) Specific examples include the Hamiltonian for a 1D infinite potential well, and calculations of time evolution for the density operator ρ(r,t) using the commutator [ρ(r,t),H]. 3) The document shows two equivalent ways to derive the time evolution equation for the density operator: using commutators or using the equation of motion for the field operator a(r,t).

Uploaded by

np_nikhil
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
47 views5 pages

Tutorial3 Soln

1) The document provides equations for calculating the Hamiltonian (H) for various quantum mechanical systems. It summarizes the commutation relations used to derive the time evolution of operators. 2) Specific examples include the Hamiltonian for a 1D infinite potential well, and calculations of time evolution for the density operator ρ(r,t) using the commutator [ρ(r,t),H]. 3) The document shows two equivalent ways to derive the time evolution equation for the density operator: using commutators or using the equation of motion for the field operator a(r,t).

Uploaded by

np_nikhil
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

prob 1 H1 = p2 + V (r ) 2m

H = d 3 r d 3 r ' r H 1 r' a + (r ) a(r' ) p2 p2 + V (r ) r' = r r' + V (r ) 3 (r r' ) 2m 2m

r H 1 r' = r

Re min der : r p = ih (r ) and r p 2 = h 2 2 (r ) r p r' = ih 3 (r r' ) and r p 2 = h 2 2 3 (r r' ) h2 2 3 p2 r' = (r r' ) 2m 2m h2 2 3 3 3 H = d r d r '[ (r r' ) + V (r ) 3 (r r' )] a + (r ) a(r' ) 2m int egrate over r ' r h2 2 H = d r a (r )[ + V (r )] a (r ) 2m f ( x) and we used : d 3 x' f ( x' ) ( x' x) = x' x
3 +

r ' f (r' ) r' 3 (r'r ) = r f (r )

r ' f (r' ) 2 r' 3 (r'r ) = 2 r f (r )

prob 2 1d inf inite potential well :

n ( x) =

2 n sin x L L n 2 2 h 2 n = 2mL2 exp[i ( p 2 p1 ) x] p1 H 1 p 2 = dx exp[i ( p 2 p1 ) x] = i ( p 2 p1 ) 0 sin[( p 2 p1 ) L / 2] = 2 exp[i ( p 2 p1 ) L / 2] ( p 2 p1 )


L

exp[i ( p 2 p1 ) L / 2] exp[i ( p 2 p1 ) L / 2] exp[i ( p 2 p1 ) L] 1 = exp[i ( p 2 p1 ) L / 2] = i ( p 2 p1 ) i ( p 2 p1 ) 0

H = dp1 dp 2 p1 H 1 p 2 a + ( p1 )a( p 2 ) Another way : can write H 1 = n n n H = n a + n a n where a n = a ( n )


n n

change basis to p dp dp dp p p n , a+n = p n a + ( p) and a n = p n 2 2 2 substitute this int o H = n a + n a n we have, n =


n *

a( p)

prob 3) H = ih

h2 2m

r a + (r ) 2 a ( r ) + d 3 r V (r ) a + (r ) a ( r ) +

1 d 3 r d 3 r ' a + (r ) a + (r' ) v (r, r' ) a (r' ) a (r ) 2

a = [a, H ] t consider ,

[ a ( r ' ), a + (r ) 2 a (r )] = a ( r ' ) a + (r ) 2 a (r ) a + (r ) 2 a (r ) a ( r ' ) last term = a + (r ) 2 a (r ) a ( r ' ) = a + (r ) 2 a ( r ' ) a (r ) = a + (r ) a ( r ' ) 2 a (r ) use : [ a ( r ), a + ( r )] + = 3 ( r r ' ) = ( 3 ( r r ' ) a ( r ' ) a + (r )) 2 a (r ) [ a ( r ' ), a + (r ) 2 a (r )] = 3 ( r r ' ) 2 a (r ) consider , [ a ( r ' ), a + (r ) a (r )] use : [ A, BC ] = [ A, B ]C + B[ A, C ] = [ A, B ] + C B[ A, C ] + = [ a ( r ' ), a + (r )] + a (r ) a + (r ) [ a ( r ' ), a (r )] + = 3 ( r r ' ) a (r ) consider , [ a ( r ' ' ), a + (r ) a + (r' ) a (r' ) a (r )] = a ( r ' ' ) a + (r ) a + (r' ) a (r' ) a (r ) a + (r ) a + (r' ) a (r' ) a (r ) a ( r ' ' ) last term = a + (r ) a + (r' ) a (r' ) a (r ) a ( r ' ' ) = a + (r ) a + (r' ) a ( r ' ' ) a (r' ) a (r ) = a + (r ) { 3 ( r ' r ' ' ) a ( r ' ' ) a + (r' ) } a (r' ) a (r ) = 3 ( r ' r ' ' ) a + (r ) a (r' ) a (r ) a + (r ) a ( r ' ' ) a + (r' ) a (r' ) a (r ) = 3 ( r ' r ' ' ) a + (r ) a (r' ) a (r ) { 3 ( r ' ' r ) a ( r ' ' ) a + (r )} a + (r' ) a (r' ) a (r ) = 3 ( r ' r ' ' ) a + (r ) a (r' ) a (r ) 3 ( r ' ' r ) a + (r' ) a (r' ) a (r ) + a ( r ' ' ) a + (r ) a + (r' ) a (r' ) a (r ) [ a ( r ' ' ), a + (r ) a + (r' ) a (r' ) a (r )] = 3 ( r ' r ' ' ) a + (r ) a (r' ) a (r ) + 3 ( r ' ' r ) a + (r' ) a (r' ) a (r ) [ a ( r ' ' ), H ] = + h2 d 3 r 3 ( r r ' ' ) 2 a (r ) + d 3 r V (r ) 3 ( r r ' ' ) a (r ) 2m

1 d 3 r d 3 r '{ 3 ( r ' r ' ' ) a + (r ) a (r' ) a (r ) v (r, r' ) + 3 ( r ' ' r ) a + (r' ) a (r' ) a (r ) v (r, r' )} 2 1 1 h2 2 = a (r ' ' ) + V ( r ' ' ) a ( r ' ' ) d 3 r a + (r ) a (r' ' ) a (r ) v (r, r ' ' ) + d 3 r ' a + (r' ) a (r' ) a (r ' ' ) v (r ' ' , r' ) 2m 2 2 2 1 1 h = 2 a (r ' ' ) + V ( r ' ' ) a ( r ' ' ) + d 3 r a + (r ) a (r ) a (r' ' ) v (r, r ' ' ) + d 3 r a + (r ) a (r ) a (r ' ' ) v (r ' ' , r ) 2m 2 2 2 h = 2 a (r ' ' ) + V ( r ' ' ) a ( r ' ' ) + d 3 r a + (r ) a (r ) a (r' ' ) v (r, r ' ' ) 2m a ( r , t ) h2 2 ih = a (r ) + V ( r ) a ( r ) + d 3 r ' a + ( r ' ) a (r ' ) a ( r ) v (r ' , r ) t 2m

prob 4) H = k a + k a k
k

( r ) = a (r ) a ( r )
+

ih

(r , t ) = [ (r , t ), H ] t

consider , [ a(r ), a + k a k ] use : [ A, BC ] = [ A, B]C + B[ A, C ] = [ A, B] + C B[ A, C ] + [ a(r ), a + k a k ] = [ a(r ), a + k ] + a k a + k [ a(r ), a k ] + = r k a k and [ a + (r ), a + k a k ] = [ a + (r ), a + k ] + a k a + k [ a + (r ), a k ] + = k r a + k we need , [a + (r ) a(r ), a + k a k ] use :[ AB, C ] = A[ B, C ] + [ A, C ] + B [a + (r ) a(r ), a + k a k ] = a + (r )[ a(r ), a + k a k ] + [a + (r ) , a + k a k ]+ a(r ) = a + (r ) r k a k k r a + k a (r ) = exp(ik .r ) a + (r ) a k exp(ik .r ) a + k a(r ) [a + (r ) a(r ), H ] = d 3 k (k ) [exp(ik .r ) a + (r ) a k exp(ik .r ) a + k a (r )]
h2k 2 assume, k = 2m

[a + (r ) a(r ), H ] = ih

h2 h2 3 2 + + = d k k [exp( ik . r ) a ( r ) a exp( ik . r ) a a ( r )] { a + (r ) 2 d 3 k [exp(ik .r ) a k 2 d 3 k [exp(ik .r ) a k a(r )} k k 2m 2m

h2 2 + 2 (r , t ) = [ a a ( 2 a + ) a] t 2m

H = k a + k ak
k

( r ) = a + (r ) a ( r )
Other way : consider eqn of motion for a(r ) : h2k 2 3 ih a(r , t ) = [a (r , t ), H ] = d k exp(ik .r ) k a k assume, k = t 2m 2 2 2 2 h k h h = d 3 k exp(ik .r ) ak = 2 d 3 k exp(ik .r ) a k = 2 a (r , t ) 2m 2m 2m + h2 2 + taking c.c., ih a (r , t ) = a (r , t ) t 2m a a + h2 ih a + ( r , t ) a ( r , t ) = ih a + + a= [ a + 2 a ( 2 a + ) a] t t t 2m

You might also like