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ns2 Tutorial

The document describes how to implement a new routing protocol called ARMBR in the NS2 network simulator. It involves adding new packet header files and modifying existing files to recognize the new protocol. Specifically, it requires adding code to recognize the new packet type and header, add a field to track hop count in data packets, and modify routing agent and packet handling code to implement the core functions of the new protocol. The document provides detailed code snippets to insert into various C++ and TCL files to integrate the new protocol into the NS2 simulator.

Uploaded by

Manoj Kumar G
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
238 views

ns2 Tutorial

The document describes how to implement a new routing protocol called ARMBR in the NS2 network simulator. It involves adding new packet header files and modifying existing files to recognize the new protocol. Specifically, it requires adding code to recognize the new packet type and header, add a field to track hop count in data packets, and modify routing agent and packet handling code to implement the core functions of the new protocol. The document provides detailed code snippets to insert into various C++ and TCL files to integrate the new protocol into the NS2 simulator.

Uploaded by

Manoj Kumar G
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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How to implement protocol in NS2

Shi Feng Yan


Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Chung-Hua University

Outline

Our Proposed Protocol How to implement protocol

Our Proposed Protocol


The Objectives Route construction Repairing

The Objectives

Build some backup routes surround the main route Repair the route quickly when a link breaks Decrease maintenance cost

Main route construction

S
HTD=5 HTD=4 HTD=3 HTD=2 HTD=1

D
HTD=0

HTD: Hop To Destination

Active Link Main Query Main Reply Main Route

Backup route construction

3 4 3
X

32 3
B

2
C D

32
Z

Main Route Data Packet Simple Packet

Backup route construction

4
X

3
Z

Main Route Backup Route

Main route failure in case 1

3
S A B C D

4 5
X

3 4
Z

Main Route Backup Route Main Failure Query Failure Reply

After repairing in case 1

3
S A B C D

5
X

4
Z

Main Route Backup Route

Main route failure in case 2


Y W E

3
A

2
B C

1
D

45 4
X

4 3

Main Route Backup Route Backup Query Backup Reply

After repairing in case 2


Y W E

3
A

2
B C

1
D

5
X

Main Route Backup Route

How to implement protocol

In C++ In TCL

In C++

Insert

Apacket.h Armbr.cc / Armbr.h Armbrrttable.cc / Armbrrttable.h Packet.h CMU-Trace.cc / CMU-Trace.h

Modify

Apacket.h
struct Apacket { u_int8_t type__; nsaddr_t sid__; nsaddr_t did__; unsigned int seq__; int count__; // Header access methods static int offset_; // required by PacketHeaderManager inline static int& offset() { return offset_; } inline static Apacket* access(const Packet* p) { return (Apacket*) p->access(offset_); } };

Packet.h(1)
enum packet_t { PT_ARMBR, ^^^^^^^ We add our protocol header type here PT_NTYPE // This MUST be the LAST one };

Packet.h(2)
class p_info { public: p_info() { name_[PT_ARMBR] = "ARMBR"; ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ We add our control packet header name here name_[PT_NTYPE]= "undefined"; };

Packet.h(3)
struct hdr_cmn { int ref_count_; // free the pkt until count to 0 int htd; ^^^^^^ We add a new field in data packet };

CMU-Trace.h
class CMUTrace : public Trace { private: void format_aodv(Packet *p, int offset); void format_armbr(Packet *p, int offset); ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ we add this line here };

CMU-Trace.cc(1)
#include <Apacket.h> ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ include our control packet header file

CMU-Trace.cc(2)
void CMUTrace::format(Packet* p, const char *why) { switch(ch->ptype()) { default: switch(ch->ptype()) { case PT_ARMBR: ^^^^^^^^^^^^ format_armbr(p, offset); ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ break; ^^^^^ add these three lines }}}

CMU-Trace.cc(3)
Add this function in CMU-Trace.cc void CMUTrace::format_armbr(Packet *p, int offset) { struct Apacket *ah = Apacket(p); if (newtrace_) { sprintf(wrk_ + offset, "-P armbr -Pt 0x%x -Ps %d -Pd %d -Pq %d -Pc %d -Pc CLEAR ",ah->type__, ah->si d__, ah->did__, ah->seq__, ah->count__); } else { sprintf(wrk_ + offset, "[0x%x %d %d %d %d] (CLEAR)", ah->type__, ah->sid__, ah->did__, ah->seq__, ah-> count__); } }

In TCL

NS\Ns2\TCL\Lib

Ns-lib.tcl Ns-Packet.tcl Ns-Mobilenode.tcl

Ns-lib.tcl(1)
switch -exact $routingAgent_ { AODV { set ragent [$self create-aodv-agent $node] } TORA { Simulator set IMEPFlag_ ON set ragent [$self create-tora-agent $node] } ARMBR { set ragent [$self create-armbr-agent $node] } }

Ns-lib.tcl(2)
Simulator instproc create-armbr-agent { node } { set ragent [new Agent/ARMBR [$node id]] ; # create a new routing agent $node set ragent_ $ragent ; # attach routing agent to node $self at 0.0 "$ragent start" ; # start BEACON/HELLO Messages return $ragent }

Ns-Packet.tcl
foreach prot { ARMBR } {add-packet-header $prot }

Ns-Mobilenode.tcl
set armbronly [string first ARMBR" [$agent info class]] if {$armbronly != -1 } { $agent set-ll [$self set ll_(0)] $agent if-queue [$self set ifq_(0)] ; # ifq between LL and MAC $agent install-tap $mac_(0) }

ARMBR.cc(1)
int ARMBRAgent::command(int argc, const char*const* argv) { else if(argc == 3) { if (strcasecmp (argv[1], "addr") == 0) { else if(strcasecmp(argv[1], "install-tap") == 0) { obj = TclObject::lookup(argv[2]); if(obj == 0) { fprintf(stderr, Armbr: 'install-tap' failed (%s) (%s)\n", argv[1], argv[2]); return (TCL_ERROR); } Mac *m = (Mac*) obj; m->installTap(this); return TCL_OK; }

ARMBR.cc(2)
void ArmbrAgent::tap(const Packet *p) { struct hdr_cmn *ch = HDR_CMN(p); // don't trouble me with my own packets if(ih->saddr()==myaddr||ih->saddr()==0||ih->daddr()==0) return; // don't trouble me with packets I'm about to receive anyway if(ih->daddr()==(nsaddr_t)IP_BROADCAST||ih->daddr()==myaddr) return; Packet* pkt = p->copy(); recvSIMPLE(pkt); }

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