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Monorail-Design

This document analyzes a monorail beam using a MONORAIL.xls program. It summarizes the inputs, properties, and results of analyzing a W12x58 monorail beam as a simple span with an overhang. Key outputs include bending moments, stresses, and deflections that meet design criteria. Stresses at point 1 on the bottom flange per CMAA specifications exceed allowable values.

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dicktracy11
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
520 views8 pages

Monorail-Design

This document analyzes a monorail beam using a MONORAIL.xls program. It summarizes the inputs, properties, and results of analyzing a W12x58 monorail beam as a simple span with an overhang. Key outputs include bending moments, stresses, and deflections that meet design criteria. Stresses at point 1 on the bottom flange per CMAA specifications exceed allowable values.

Uploaded by

dicktracy11
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as XLS, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 8

"MONORAIL.

xls" Program
Version 1.3

MONORAIL BEAM ANALYSIS


For S-shaped Underhung Monorails Analyzed as Simple-Spans with / without Overhang
Per AISC 9th Edition ASD Manual and CMAA Specification No. 74 (2004)
Job Name:
Subject:
Job Number:
Originator:
Checker:
Input:
RL(min)=-5.57

Monorail Size:
Select: S15x50
Design Parameters:
Beam Fy =
50
ksi
Beam Simple-Span, L = 10.0000 ft.
Unbraced Length, Lb = 10.0000 ft.
Bending Coef., Cb =
1.00
Overhang Length, Lo = 4.0000 ft.
Unbraced Length, Lbo = 4.0000 ft.
Bending Coef., Cbo =
1.00
Lifted Load, P = 13.500 kips
Trolley Weight, Wt =
1.000 kips
Hoist Weight, Wh =
0.100 kips
Vert. Impact Factor, Vi =
10
%
Horz. Load Factor, HLF =
20
%
Total No. Wheels, Nw =
4
Wheel Spacing, S = 0.7500 ft.
Distance on Flange, a = 0.3750 in.
Results:
Parameters and Coefficients:
Pv = 15.950 kips
Pw =
3.988 kips/wheel
Ph =
2.700 kips
ta =
0.450 in.
l=
0.147
Cxo = -0.855
Cx1 =
0.579
Czo =
0.162
Cz1 =
1.981

RR(max)=22.22
Lo=4

L=10
x=4.813
S=0.75

S15x50
Pv=15.95

Nomenclature

A=
d=
tw =
bf =
tf =
k=
rt =

S15x50 Member Properties:


14.70 in.^2
d/Af =
4.28
15.000 in.
Ix = 485.00
0.550 in.
Sx =
64.70
5.640 in.
Iy =
15.60
0.622 in.
Sy =
5.53
1.375 in.
J=
2.120
1.260 in.
Cw =
806.0

in.^4
in.^3
in.^4
in.^3
in.^4
in.^6

Support Reactions: (with overhang)


RR(max) =
22.22 = Pv*(L+(Lo-S/2))/L+w/1000/(2*L)*(L+Lo)^2
RL(min) =
-5.57
= -Pv*(Lo-S/2)/L+w/1000/(2*L)*(L^2-Lo^2)
Pv = P*(1+Vi/100)+Wt+Wh (vertical load)
Pw = Pv/Nw (load per trolley wheel)
Ph = HLF*P (horizontal load)
ta = tf-bf/24+a/6 (for S-shape)
l = 2*a/(bf-tw)
Cxo = -1.096+1.095*l+0.192*e^(-6.0*l)
Cx1 = 3.965-4.835*l-3.965*e^(-2.675*l)
Czo = -0.981-1.479*l+1.120*e^(1.322*l)
Cz1 = 1.810-1.150*l+1.060*e^(-7.70*l)

Bending Moments for Simple-Span:


x=
4.813 ft.
x = 1/2*(L-S/2) (location of max. moments from left end of simple-span)
Mx =
36.94 ft-kips
Mx = (Pv/2)/(2*L)*(L-S/2)^2+w/1000*x/2*(L-x)
My =
6.25
ft-kips
My = (Ph/2)/(2*L)*(L-S/2)^2
Lateral Flange Bending Moment from Torsion for Simple-Span:
(per USS Steel Design Manual, 1981)
e=
7.500 in.
e = d/2 (assume horiz. load taken at bot. flange)
at = 31.375
at = SQRT(E*Cw/(J*G)) , E=29000 ksi and G=11200 ksi
Mt =
1.76
ft-kips
Mt = Ph*e*at/(2*(d-tf))*TANH(L*12/(2*at))/12
X-axis Stresses for Simple-Span:
fbx =
6.85
ksi
Lb/rt =
95.24
Fbx =
23.36 ksi

fbx = Mx/Sx
Lb/rt = Lb*12/rt
Fbx = 12000*Cb/(Lb*12/(d/Af)) <= 0.60*Fy

fbx <= Fbx, O.K.


(continued)

1 of 8

4/19/2013 9:58 PM

"MONORAIL.xls" Program
Version 1.3

Y-axis Stresses for Simple-Span:


fby =
13.57 ksi
fwns =
7.65
ksi
fby(total) =
21.22 ksi
Fby =
37.50 ksi

fby = My/Sy
fwns = Mt*12/(Sy/2) (warping normal stress)
fby(total) = fby+fwns
Fby = 0.75*Fy

Combined Stress Ratio for Simple-Span:


S.R. =
0.859
S.R. = fbx/Fbx+fby(total)/Fby

fby <= Fby, O.K.

S.R. <= 1.0, O.K.

Vertical Deflection for Simple-Span:


Pv = 14.600 kips
Pv = P+Wh+Wt (without vertical impact)
D(max) = 0.0379 in.
D(max) = Pv/2*(L-S)/2/(24*E*I)*(3*L^2-4*((L-S)/2)^2)+5*w/12000*L^4/(384*E*I)
D(ratio) = L/3169
D(ratio) = L*12/D(max)
D(allow) = 0.2667 in.
D(allow) = L*12/450
Defl.(max) <= Defl.(allow), O.K.
Bending Moments for Overhang:
Mx =
58.22 ft-kips
My =
9.79
ft-kips

Mx = (Pv/2)*(Lo+(Lo-S))+w/1000*Lo^2/2
My = (Ph/2)*(Lo+(Lo-S))

Lateral Flange Bending Moment from Torsion for Overhang:


(per USS Steel Design Manual, 1981)
e=
7.500 in.
e = d/2 (assume horiz. load taken at bot. flange)
at = 31.375
at = SQRT(E*Cw/(J*G)) , E=29000 ksi and G=11200 ksi
Mt =
3.68
ft-kips
Mt = Ph*e*at/(d-tf)*TANH(Lo*12/at)/12
X-axis Stresses for Overhang:
fbx =
10.80 ksi
Lbo/rt =
38.10
Fbx =
33.00 ksi

fbx = Mx/Sx
Lbo/rt = Lbo*12/rt
Fbx = 0.66*Fy

fbx <= Fbx, O.K.

Y-axis Stresses for Overhang:


fby =
21.24 ksi
fwns =
15.97 ksi
fby(total) =
37.21 ksi
Fby =
37.50 ksi

fby = My/Sy
fwns = Mt*12/(Sy/2) (warping normal stress)
fby(total) = fby+fwns
Fby = 0.75*Fy

fby <= Fby, O.K.

Combined Stress Ratio for Overhang:


S.R. =
1.319
S.R. = fbx/Fbx+fby(total)/Fby
Vertical Deflection for Overhang:
Pv = 14.600 kips
D(max) = 0.1338 in.
D(ratio) =
L/359
D(allow) = 0.1600 in.

S.R. > 1.0

(assuming full design load, Pv without impact, at end of overhang)


Pv = P+Wh+Wt (without vertical impact)
D(max) =
Pv*Lo^2*(L+Lo)/(3*E*I)+w/12000*Lo*(4*Lo^2*L-L^3+3*Lo^3)/(24*E*I)
D(ratio) = Lo*12/D(max)
D(allow) = Lo*12/300
Defl.(max) <= Defl.(allow), O.K.

Bottom Flange Bending (simplified):


be =
7.464 in.
Min. of: be = 12*tf or S*12 (effective flange bending length)
tf2 =
0.834 in.
tf2 = tf+(bf/2-tw/2)/2*(1/6) (flange thk. at web based on 1:6 slope of flange)
am =
2.004 in.
am = (bf/2-tw/2)-(k-tf2) (where: k-tf2 = radius of fillet)
Mf =
7.991 in.-kips
Mf = Pw*am
Sf =
0.481 in.^3
Sf = be*tf^2/6
fb =
16.60 ksi
fb = Mf/Sf
Fb =
37.50 ksi
Fb = 0.75*Fy
fb <= Fb, O.K.
(continued)

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"MONORAIL.xls" Program
Version 1.3

Bottom Flange Bending per CMAA Specification No. 74 (2004):


Local Flange Bending Stress @ Point 0:
sxo = -16.88 ksi
sxo = Cxo*Pw/ta^2
szo =
szo = Czo*Pw/ta^2
3.20
ksi

(Note: torsion is neglected)


(Sign convention: + = tension, - = compression)
S-shape

Local Flange Bending Stress @ Point 1:


sx1 =
sx1 = Cx1*Pw/ta^2
11.43 ksi
sz1 =
sz1 = Cz1*Pw/ta^2
39.10 ksi

Trolley

Local Flange Bending Stress @ Point 2:


sx2 =
sx2 = -sxo
16.88 ksi
sz2 =
sz2 = -szo
-3.20
ksi

Pw

Pw

Resultant Biaxial Stress @ Point 0:


sz =
22.82 ksi
sx = -12.66 ksi
txz =
0.00
ksi
sto =
31.14 ksi

sz = fbx+fby+0.75*szo
sx = 0.75*sxo
txz = 0 (assumed negligible)
sto = SQRT(sx^2+sz^2-sx*sz+3*txz^2)

<= Fb = 0.66*Fy = 33 ksi, O.K.

Resultant Biaxial Stress @ Point 1:


sz =
49.75 ksi
sx =
8.57
ksi
txz =
0.00
ksi
st1 =
46.06 ksi

sy = fbx+fby+0.75*sz1
sx = 0.75*sx1
txz = 0 (assumed negligible)
st1 = SQRT(sx^2+sz^2-sx*sz+3*txz^2)

> Fb = 0.66*Fy = 33 ksi

Resultant Biaxial Stress @ Point 2:


sz =
18.02 ksi
sx =
12.66 ksi
txz =
0.00
ksi
st2 =
16.03 ksi

sz = fbx+fby+0.75*sz2
sx = 0.75*sx2
txz = 0 (assumed negligible)
st2 = SQRT(sx^2+sz^2-sx*sz+3*txz^2)

<= Fb = 0.66*Fy = 33 ksi, O.K.

tw
X
Pw

Pw

tf

Point 2
Point 0

Point 1

ta

bf/4

tw/2

bf

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"MONORAIL.xls" Program
Version 1.3

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4/19/2013 9:58 PM

"MONORAIL.xls" Program
Version 1.3

MONORAIL BEAM ANALYSIS


For W-shaped Underhung Monorails Analyzed as Simple-Spans with / without Overhang
Per AISC 9th Edition ASD Manual and CMAA Specification No. 74 (2004)
Job Name:
Subject:
Job Number:
Originator:
Checker:
Input:
RL(min)=-8.01

Monorail Size:
Select: W12x58
Design Parameters:
Beam Fy =
36
ksi
Beam Simple-Span, L = 10.0000 ft.
Unbraced Length, Lb = 10.0000 ft.
Bending Coef., Cb =
1.00
Overhang Length, Lo = 5.5000 ft.
Unbraced Length, Lbo = 5.5000 ft.
Bending Coef., Cbo =
1.00
Lifted Load, P = 13.500 kips
Trolley Weight, Wt =
0.400 kips
Hoist Weight, Wh =
0.100 kips
Vert. Impact Factor, Vi =
15
%
Horz. Load Factor, HLF =
10
%
Total No. Wheels, Nw =
4
Wheel Spacing, S = 0.7500 ft.
Distance on Flange, a = 0.3750 in.
Results:
Parameters and Coefficients:
Pv = 16.025 kips
Pw =
4.006 kips/wheel
Ph =
1.350 kips
ta =
0.640 in.
l=
0.078
Cxo = -1.944
Cx1 =
0.441
Czo =
0.192
Cz1 =
2.448

RR(max)=24.93
Lo=5.5

L=10
x=4.813
S=0.75

W12x58
Pv=16.025

Nomenclature

A=
d=
tw =
bf =
tf =
k=
rt =

W12x58 Member Properties:


17.00 in.^2
d/Af =
1.90
12.200 in.
Ix = 475.00
0.360 in.
Sx =
78.00
10.000 in.
Iy = 107.00
0.640 in.
Sy =
21.40
1.240 in.
J=
2.100
2.720 in.
Cw = 3570.0

in.^4
in.^3
in.^4
in.^3
in.^4
in.^6

Support Reactions: (with overhang)


RR(max) =
24.93 = Pv*(L+(Lo-S/2))/L+w/1000/(2*L)*(L+Lo)^2
RL(min) =
-8.01
= -Pv*(Lo-S/2)/L+w/1000/(2*L)*(L^2-Lo^2)
Pv = P*(1+Vi/100)+Wt+Wh (vertical load)
Pw = Pv/Nw (load per trolley wheel)
Ph = HLF*P (horizontal load)
ta = tf (for W-shape)
l = 2*a/(bf-tw)
Cxo = -2.110+1.977*l+0.0076*e^(6.53*l)
Cx1 = 10.108-7.408*l-10.108*e^(-1.364*l)
Czo = 0.050-0.580*l+0.148*e^(3.015*l)
Cz1 = 2.230-1.490*l+1.390*e^(-18.33*l)

Bending Moments for Simple-Span:


x=
4.813 ft.
x = 1/2*(L-S/2) (location of max. moments from left end of simple-span)
Mx =
37.11 ft-kips
Mx = (Pv/2)/(2*L)*(L-S/2)^2+w/1000*x/2*(L-x)
My =
3.13
ft-kips
My = (Ph/2)/(2*L)*(L-S/2)^2
Lateral Flange Bending Moment from Torsion for Simple-Span:
(per USS Steel Design Manual, 1981)
e=
6.100 in.
e = d/2 (assume horiz. load taken at bot. flange)
at = 66.346
at = SQRT(E*Cw/(J*G)) , E=29000 ksi and G=11200 ksi
Mt =
1.41
ft-kips
Mt = Ph*e*at/(2*(d-tf))*TANH(L*12/(2*at))/12
X-axis Stresses for Simple-Span:
fbx =
5.71
ksi
Lb/rt =
44.12
Fbx =
23.76 ksi

fbx = Mx/Sx
Lb/rt = Lb*12/rt
Fbx = 0.66*Fy

fbx <= Fbx, O.K.


(continued)

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"MONORAIL.xls" Program
Version 1.3

Y-axis Stresses for Simple-Span:


fby =
1.75
ksi
fwns =
1.59
ksi
fby(total) =
3.34
ksi
Fby =
27.00 ksi

fby = My/Sy
fwns = Mt*12/(Sy/2) (warping normal stress)
fby(total) = fby+fwns
Fby = 0.75*Fy

Combined Stress Ratio for Simple-Span:


S.R. =
0.364
S.R. = fbx/Fbx+fby(total)/Fby

fby <= Fby, O.K.

S.R. <= 1.0, O.K.

Vertical Deflection for Simple-Span:


Pv = 14.000 kips
Pv = P+Wh+Wt (without vertical impact)
D(max) = 0.0372 in.
D(max) = Pv/2*(L-S)/2/(24*E*I)*(3*L^2-4*((L-S)/2)^2)+5*w/12000*L^4/(384*E*I)
D(ratio) = L/3223
D(ratio) = L*12/D(max)
D(allow) = 0.2667 in.
D(allow) = L*12/450
Defl.(max) <= Defl.(allow), O.K.
Bending Moments for Overhang:
Mx =
83.01 ft-kips
My =
6.92
ft-kips

Mx = (Pv/2)*(Lo+(Lo-S))+w/1000*Lo^2/2
My = (Ph/2)*(Lo+(Lo-S))

Lateral Flange Bending Moment from Torsion for Overhang:


(per USS Steel Design Manual, 1981)
e=
6.100 in.
e = d/2 (assume horiz. load taken at bot. flange)
at = 66.346
at = SQRT(E*Cw/(J*G)) , E=29000 ksi and G=11200 ksi
Mt =
3.73
ft-kips
Mt = Ph*e*at/(d-tf)*TANH(Lo*12/at)/12
X-axis Stresses for Overhang:
fbx =
12.77 ksi
Lbo/rt =
24.26
Fbx =
23.76 ksi

fbx = Mx/Sx
Lbo/rt = Lbo*12/rt
Fbx = 0.66*Fy

fbx <= Fbx, O.K.

Y-axis Stresses for Overhang:


fby =
3.88
ksi
fwns =
4.19
ksi
fby(total) =
8.07
ksi
Fby =
27.00 ksi

fby = My/Sy
fwns = Mt*12/(Sy/2) (warping normal stress)
fby(total) = fby+fwns
Fby = 0.75*Fy

fby <= Fby, O.K.

Combined Stress Ratio for Overhang:


S.R. =
0.836
S.R. = fbx/Fbx+fby(total)/Fby
Vertical Deflection for Overhang:
Pv = 14.000 kips
D(max) = 0.2757 in.
D(ratio) =
L/239
D(allow) = 0.1467 in.

S.R. <= 1.0, O.K.

(assuming full design load, Pv without impact, at end of overhang)


Pv = P+Wh+Wt (without vertical impact)
D(max) = Pv*Lo^2*(L+Lo)/(3*E*I)+w/12000*Lo*(4*Lo^2*L-L^3+3*Lo^3)/(24*E*I)
D(ratio) = Lo*12/D(max)
D(allow) = Lo*12/450
Defl.(max) > Defl.(allow)

Bottom Flange Bending (simplified):


be =
7.680 in.
Min. of: be = 12*tf or S*12 (effective flange bending length)
am =
4.220 in.
am = (bf/2-tw/2)-(k-tf) (where: k-tf = radius of fillet)
Mf = 16.906 in.-kips
Mf = Pw*am
Sf =
0.524 in.^3
Sf = be*tf^2/6
fb =
32.25 ksi
fb = Mf/Sf
Fb =
27.00 ksi
Fb = 0.75*Fy

fb > Fb

(continued)

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"MONORAIL.xls" Program
Version 1.3

Bottom Flange Bending per CMAA Specification No. 74 (2004):


Local Flange Bending Stress @ Point 0:
sxo = -19.01 ksi
sxo = Cxo*Pw/ta^2
szo =
szo = Czo*Pw/ta^2
1.88
ksi

(Note: torsion is neglected)


(Sign convention: + = tension, - = compression)

Local Flange Bending Stress @ Point 1:


sx1 =
sx1 = Cx1*Pw/ta^2
4.32
ksi
sz1 =
sz1 = Cz1*Pw/ta^2
23.94 ksi
Local Flange Bending Stress @ Point 2:
sx2 =
sx2 = -sxo
19.01 ksi
sz2 =
sz2 = -szo
-1.88
ksi
Resultant Biaxial Stress @ Point 0:
sz =
8.87
ksi
sx = -14.26 ksi
txz =
0.00
ksi
sto =
20.21 ksi

sz = fbx+fby+0.75*szo
sx = 0.75*sxo
txz = 0 (assumed negligible)
sto = SQRT(sx^2+sz^2-sx*sz+3*txz^2)

<= Fb = 0.66*Fy = 23.76 ksi, O.K.

Resultant Biaxial Stress @ Point 1:


sz =
25.42 ksi
sx =
3.24
ksi
txz =
0.00
ksi
st1 =
23.97 ksi

sy = fbx+fby+0.75*sz1
sx = 0.75*sx1
txz = 0 (assumed negligible)
st1 = SQRT(sx^2+sz^2-sx*sz+3*txz^2)

> Fb = 0.66*Fy = 23.76 ksi

Resultant Biaxial Stress @ Point 2:


sz =
6.05
ksi
sx =
14.26 ksi
txz =
0.00
ksi
st2 =
12.39 ksi

sz = fbx+fby+0.75*sz2
sx = 0.75*sx2
txz = 0 (assumed negligible)
st2 = SQRT(sx^2+sz^2-sx*sz+3*txz^2)

<= Fb = 0.66*Fy = 23.76 ksi, O.K.

tw
X

Pw

Pw

Z
Point 2

tf

Point 0
Point 1
bf

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Version 1.3

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