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Chapter 7 Eng

Planning involves defining objectives, strategies, and plans. Managers plan for several reasons: to provide guidance, reduce uncertainty, minimize waste, and set standards for control. Goals are the desired outcomes, while plans determine how goals will be achieved. There are different types of goals like profit, nonprofit, strategic, and financial. Plans also differ in areas like strategic vs operational, timeframes like short vs long term, specificity, and frequency of use. Goal setting approaches include traditional and management by objectives, which involves detailing targets, participation, timeframes, and feedback. The planning process involves reviewing resources, setting individual goals, communicating goals, and reviewing results. Criticisms of planning include that it can create rigidity, not suit

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37 views9 pages

Chapter 7 Eng

Planning involves defining objectives, strategies, and plans. Managers plan for several reasons: to provide guidance, reduce uncertainty, minimize waste, and set standards for control. Goals are the desired outcomes, while plans determine how goals will be achieved. There are different types of goals like profit, nonprofit, strategic, and financial. Plans also differ in areas like strategic vs operational, timeframes like short vs long term, specificity, and frequency of use. Goal setting approaches include traditional and management by objectives, which involves detailing targets, participation, timeframes, and feedback. The planning process involves reviewing resources, setting individual goals, communicating goals, and reviewing results. Criticisms of planning include that it can create rigidity, not suit

Uploaded by

Rizky Fadhila
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER 7

THE BASIC OF PLANNING

WHAT IS PLANNING?
Planning involves pendefenisian organizational objectives, determining strategies for achieving goals and developing plans to integrate and coordinate work activities. Planning-related outcomes (what) and means (how).

Why Do Managers Plan?


First, the Plan provides guidance to managers and

nonmanagers to know what he was trying to achieve and how to achieve the goals of the organization. Secondly, Planning reduces uncertainty, anticipate change, and to develop appropriate responses. Third, Planning minimize waste and emptiness. Fourth, planning to set goals or standards used in the control.

Goals and Plans


Destination (Target): The desired outcome or

targets. This is to assist management decisions and establish criteria for the work. Plan: a framework document that determines how it will be fulfilled.

Types Of Goals
For Business

Profit aimlessly. Nonprofits Addressing the needs of several groups of constituents. Company's Strategic objective and Finance.

Types Of Plans
A. Areas Strategic plan. Operational plans. B. The time frame Short Term Plan Long Term Plan C. specificity The plan, which directs (directional) Specific plans (specific)

D. frequency of Use Disposable Plan Fixed Plans.

Approach Goal-Setting
1. Traditional goal setting 2. Management By Objectives (MBO) Includes four elements: Details of the target Participatory decision-making Timeframe Performance feedback

Step Goal Setting


Reviewing the organization's mission or purpose.

Evaluate the resources available.


Determine goals individually. Writing goals and communicate.

Reviewing the results of whether a goal has been

achieved.

Criticism of Planning
Planning may create rigidity

Planning is not suitable for dynamic environments


Formal plan reduces intuition and creativity Focusing on competition manager now

Formal stats reinforce success, which can lead to

errors.

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