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FileSystemHierarchy Linux

The document discusses the file system hierarchy in Linux operating systems. It explains that Linux uses a logical file system rather than directly accessing the physical file system. The logical file system is represented by mount points like /, /boot, /usr, /var, and /home that correspond to partitions on the physical disk. It then provides brief descriptions of the standard directories and partitions used in a typical Linux installation, including /root, /home, /boot, /sbin, /usr, /var, /dev, /etc, and /opt.

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Vinay Kumar
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73 views

FileSystemHierarchy Linux

The document discusses the file system hierarchy in Linux operating systems. It explains that Linux uses a logical file system rather than directly accessing the physical file system. The logical file system is represented by mount points like /, /boot, /usr, /var, and /home that correspond to partitions on the physical disk. It then provides brief descriptions of the standard directories and partitions used in a typical Linux installation, including /root, /home, /boot, /sbin, /usr, /var, /dev, /etc, and /opt.

Uploaded by

Vinay Kumar
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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File system hierarchy

In any O.S we have two types of file systems. 1. Physical file system. 2. Logical file system. Any physical file system we cant access directly. We should create drives. If it is in windows it will create C,D,E,F. Then we can access, those drives are called logical file system in windows. When comes to Linux O.S. it is a very little bit difference. We need to mention those drive letters in Linux O.S. / and /boot /usr, /var /home. (Mount points) we will mount then on partitions. /root = This is the default home directory of administrator. (root)

/home = It contains all users home directories. /boot = This directory contains the kernel, the core of the operating system. This is also contains the files related to booting the system such as the boot loader and the initial Ramdisk. /sbin = It contains administrative commands used by super user only root. /usr = It contains the programs and applications which are available for users similar to program files on windows. /var = It contains variable information, such as logs and print queues. /dev = this directory contains devices nodes through which the O.S can access hardware and software devices on the system. /etc = It contains all configuration files. /prod = this directory is a mount point for virtual information about currently running system process. /tmp = this directory contains temporary files used by the system. /opt = It contains the third party applications. /media = It contains default mount points of removable media. /lib = It contains libraries need by no. of different applications as well as linux kernel. While we are installing Linux machine: / partition6GB /boot100MB swap2*RAM /home25Gb INIT process on linux as a root user. Init 0 = shutdown machine Init 6 = restart machine Init 1 = it will take to the single user mode ( to recover the root user password) Init 3 = command line mode Init 5 = graphical user mode. When we install text mode. This is for servers.

When we install graphical mode. This is for user

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