Beban Mati
Beban Mati
Beban Mati
Bangunan gedung dengan panjang 20 meter, lebar 20 meter dan tinggi 5.5 m,
kemiringan atap =25
0
Direncanakan memakai kontruksi baja dengan data-data sebagai berikut:
1. Bentang kuda-kuda : 10 meter
2. Jarak kuda kuda : 5 meter
3. Penutip atap dan dinding : Seng gelombang
4. Sambungan : baut mutu A325
5. Mutu baja : A36
6. Tekanan angin : 40 kg/m
2
Rencanakan :
1. Dimensi gording
2. Dimensi ikatan angin dan track stang
3. Dimensi profil kuda kuda dan Frame
4. Sambungan sambungan
5. Gambar-gambar perencanaan sambungan
Perhitungan Beban
1. Beban Mati
Jarak antar gording: 1.1 m.
Berat penutup atap (Seng Gelombang): 4.1 kg/m
2
.
Berat gording diperkirakan 6,5 kg/m.
Berat atap, (1.1).( 4.1) = 4.51 kg/m
Berat gording, = 6.5 kg/m +
q
D
= 11.01 kg/m
= 11.01 kg/m
q
D
=11.01 kg/m =>R
Dx
= L q
D
. .
2
1
= ) 5 ).( 01 . 11 .(
2
1
= 27.52 kg
2
R
Dy
=
2
. .
2
1 L
q
D
= )
2
5
).( 11.01 .(
2
1
= 13.76 kg
R
Dx
= (27.52) .cos 25 = 24.94 kg
R
Dy
= (13.76) .sin 25 = 5.81 kg
q
D
= 11.01 kg/m =>M
Dx
= L q
D
. .
8
1
=
2
) 5 ).( 11.01 .(
8
1
= 34.40 kgm
M
Dy
=
2
2
. .
8
1
(
L
q
D
= ( )
2
2
5
. 11.01 .
8
1
(
= 8.60 kgm
M
Dx
= (34.40).cos 25= 31.17 kgm
M
Dy
= (8.60).sin 25 = 3.63 kgm
2. Beban Hidup
Berat pekerja = 100 kg
P
L
= 100 kg => R
L
=
L
P .
2
1
= ) 100 .(
2
1
= 50 kg
R
Lx
= (50).cos 25 = 43.3 kg
R
Ly
= (50).sin 25 = 25 kg
P
L
= 100 kg => M
Lx
= L P
L
. .
4
1
= ) 5 ).( 100 .(
4
1
= 125 kgm
M
Ly
=
(
2
. .
4
1 L
P
L
= )
2
5
).( 100 .(
4
1
= 62.5 kgm
M
Lx
= (125).cos 25 = 108.25 kgm
M
Ly
= (62.5).sin 25 = 31.25 kgm
3. Beban Angin
Angin tekan, q = {(0,02). (0,4)}.p = {(0,02).(30) (0,4)}.(40).(1.1)
= 8.4 kg/m
q = 8.4 kg/m => R
w
= L q. .
2
1
= ) 5 ).( 4 . 8 .(
2
1
= 21 kg
M
w
=
2
. .
8
1
L q =
2
) 5 ).( 4 . 8 .(
8
1
= 26.26 kgm
Angin hisap, q = (- 0,4).p
= (- 0,4).(40).(1.1)
3
= - 17.6 kg/m
q = - 16.8 kg/m => R
w
= L q. .
2
1
= ) 5 ).( 6 . 17 .(
2
1
= - 44 kg
M
w
=
2
. .
8
1
L q =
2
) 5 ).( 6 . 17 .(
8
1
= - 55 kgm
Kombinasi Pembebanan
A. Pembebanan Sementara
1. Arah Tegak Lurus Bidang Atap
R
Ux1
= (1,2).(R
Dx
) + (0,5).(R
Lx
) + (1,3).(R
w
)
= (1,2).(24.94) + (0,5).(43.3) + (1,3).(21)
= 78.87 kg
R
Ux2
= (1,2).(R
Dx
) + (0,5).(R
Lx
) + (1,3).(R
w
)
= (1,2).(24.94) + (0,5).(43.3) + (1,3).(-44)
= -5.62 kg
2. Arah Sejajar Bidang Atap
R
Uy
= (1,2).(R
Dy
) + (0,5).(R
Ly
)
= (1,2).( 5.81) + (0,5).(25)
= 19.47 kg
B. Pembebanan Tetap
1. Arah Tegak Lurus Bidang Atap
R
Ux
= (1,2).(R
Dx
) + (0,5).(R
Lx
)
= (1,2).(24.94) + (0,5).(43.3)
= 51.57 kg
2. Arah Sejajar Bidang Atap
R
Uy
= (1,2).(R
Dy
) + (0,5).(R
Ly
)
= (1,2).(5.81) + (0,5).(25)
= 19.47 kg
4
Jadi tiap gording menerima beban sebesar,
arah tegak lurus bidang atap = 2.(51.57) = 103.14 kg
arah sejajar bidang atap = 2.(19.47) = 38.94 kg
Kombinasi Momen
A. Momen Akibat Beban Sementara
1. Arah Tegak Lurus Bidang Atap
M
Ux1
= (1,2).(M
Dx
) + (0,5).(M
Lx
) + (1,3).(M
w
)
= (1,2).(31.17) + (0,5).(108.25) + (1,3).(26.25)
= 125.65 kgm
M
Ux2
= (1,2).(M
Dx
) + (0,5).(M
Lx
) + (1,3).(M
w
)
= (1,2).(31.17) + (0,5).(108.25) + (1,3).(-55)
= 20.02 kgm
2. Arah Sejajar Bidang Atap
M
Uy
= (1,2).(M
Dy
) + (0,5).(M
Ly
)
= (1,2).(3.63) + (0,5).(31.25)
= 19.98 kgm
B. Momen Akibat Beban Tetap
1. Arah Tegak Lurus Bidang Atap
M
Ux
= (1,2).(M
Dx
) + (0,5).(M
Lx
)
= (1,2).(31.17) + (0,5).(108.25)
= 91.52 kgm
2. Arah Sejajar Bidang Atap
M
Uy
= (1,2).(M
Dy
) + (0,5).(M
Ly
)
= (1,2).(3.63) + (0,5).(31.25)
= 19.98 kgm
Dipasang sagrod di tengah bentang sehingga,
M
Uy
=
2
1
.(19.98)
5
= 9.99 kgm
6
Tabel hasil perhitungan kombinasi momen dan reaksi.
Keterangan Gording tengah (1.05 m)
Beban Tetap Beban Sementara
Momen(Kgm) Angin tekan Angin hisap
Mx 91.52 125.65 20.02
My 19.98 39.98
Reaksi(Kg) 78.87 -5.62
Rx
Ry
51.57
19.47
19.47
7
Tegangan Pada Profil C
Zy
My
Zx
Mx
+ = o
Dari tabel profil kanal 100 x 50 x 20 x 2,8
Ix = 95 cm
4
Iy = 22 cm
3
Zx = 19,1 cm
3
Zy = 7,1 cm
3
2
2 2
82 . 1050
1 , 7 9 , 0
10 18 . 18
1 , 19 9 , 0
10 73 . 131
cm
kg
x
x
x
x
=
+ = o
Lendutan Pada Profil C
2002 1 4 . 6 .....
240
Baja SNI tabel
L
f =
max
=
240
L
=
240
500
= 2,08 cm
q
D
= 11.01 kg/m => q
Dx
= (11.01).cos 25 = 9.97 kg/m
q
Dy
= (11.01).sin 25 = 4.65 kg/m
P
D
= 100 kg => P
Dx
= (100).cos 25 = 90.63 kg
P
Dy
= (100).sin 25 = 42.26 kg
Lendutan terhadap sumbu x,
q
x
= (1,2).q
Dx
= (1,2).(9.97) = 11.94 kg/m
P
x
= (1,2).P
Dx
= (1,2).(90.63) = 108.75 kg
x
=
x
x
I E
L q
.
.
.
384
5
4
+
x
x
I E
L P
.
.
.
48
1
3
=
) 95 ).( 2100000 (
) 500 ).( 75 . 108 (
.
48
1
) 95 ).( 2100000 (
) 500 ).( 1194 , 0 (
.
384
5
3 4
+
= 0,46 + 1,41
= 1.87 cm
8
Y
X
Lendutan terhadap sumbu y,
q
y
= (1,2).q
Dy
= (1,2).(4.65) = 5.58 kg/m
P
y
= (1,2).P
Dy
= (1,2).(42.26) = 50.71 kg
y
=
y
y
I E
L q
.
.
.
384
5
4
+
y
y
I E
L P
.
.
.
48
1
3
=
) 22 ).( 2100000 (
) 250 ).( 71 . 50 (
.
48
1
) 22 ).( 2100000 (
) 250 ).( 0558 , 0 (
.
384
5
3 4
+
= 0,05+ 0,35
= 0,4 cm
=
2 2
) ( ) (
y x
A + A
=
2 2
) 4 , 0 ( ) 87 , 1 ( +
= 2.03 cm <
max
= 2,08 cm
Cek Kelangsingan Gording
=
min
i
lk
=
89 . 1
500
= 264.5 < 300 OK
Jadi gording dengan profil C 100x50x20, dengan tebal 2.8 mm dapat digunakan karena telah memenuhi
persyaratan.
q = 4,87 kg/m
t = 2,8 mm C
y
= 1,86 cm
A = 6,20 cm
2
X
o
= 4,42 cm
I
x
= 95 cm
4
J = 1621 cm
4
I
y
= 22 cm
4
C
w
= 574 cm
6
Z
x
= 19,1 cm
3
Z
y
= 7,1 cm
3
i
x
= 3,92 cm
i
y
= 1,89 cm
9
45,56 kg
45,56 kg
5 mm
Perencanaan Sagrod
=
min
i
lk
=
89 , 1
250
= 132.27 < 240
Gaya yang bekerja pada sagrod,
P
u
= 2.R
uy
= 2.(19.47)
= 38.94 kg
f =
Ag
P
u
=
2
) 5 , 0 .( ). 25 , 0 ).( 9 , 0 (
) 94 . 38 (
t
= 220.35 kg/cm
2
< 2482.10 kg/cm
2
10
Perhitungan Bracing (Ikatan Angin)
1. Pada Atap
R2
R1
R3
R4
Luas bidang berangin
A
1
= 2 x x 5,78 x 10 = 57,8 m
2
A
2
= 2 x 10 x 1 = 20 m
2
A = 87.8 m
2
A
3
= 2 x 5 x 1 = 10 m
2
Ditaksir ikatan angin atap
A = 75 m
2
atau % 100 .
8 , 87
75
= 85,4 %
W = 0.9 . P .A= 0.9 (40) (85,4% x 87,8)
= 2699.78 kg
P =
4
w
=
4
78 . 2699
= 674.95kg
11
M = 0
(674.95).(5) = R
B
.(3.85)
R
B
= 876.56 kg
R
A
= - 876.56 kg
V = 0
S.sin 38 = 674.95 kg
S = 1096.3 kg
P
U
= (1,3).( 1096.3)
= 1425.92 kg
f =
Ag
P
U
. |
=
) 127 . 8 ).( 9 , 0 (
) 92 . 1425 (
= 195 kg/cm
2
< 2482.10 kg/cm
2
R3=674,95
R4=674,95
12
Cek kelangsingan bracing
= 300
min
<
i
lk
=
300
631
Imin > 2.10
Digunakan profil siku 70 x 70 x 6
q = 6.38 kg/m
t = 6 mm
A = 8.127 cm
2
I
x
= 37.100 cm
4
I
y
= 37.100 cm
4
Z
x
= 7.330 cm
3
Z
y
= 7.330 cm
3
i
x
= 2.14 cm
i
y
= 2.14 cm
13
Bracing atap bagian II
M=0
(674.95).(1) = R
B
.(1)
R
B
=674.95 kg
R
A
= -674.95 kg
S max = 708.698 kg (staad-pro)
- P
U
= (1,3).( 708.698)
= 921.31 kg
f =
Ag
P
U
. |
=
). 427 . 1 ).( 9 , 0 (
) 31 . 921 (
= 717.36 kg/cm
2
< 2482.10 kg/cm
2
Cek kelangsingan bracing
300
min
<
i
lk
Imin >
300
100
Imin > 0.33
674.95 kg
674.95 kg
158.466
708.698
708.698
566.958
14
Digunakan profil 25 x 25 x 3
q = 1.12 kg/m
t = 3 mm
A = 1.427 cm
2
I
x
= 0.797 cm
4
I
y
= 0.797 cm
4
Z
x
= 0.448 cm
3
Z
y
= 0.448 cm
3
i
x
= 0.747 cm
i
y
= 0.747 cm
15
Bracing atap bagian III
M=0
(674.95).(1) = R
B
.(1)
R
B
=674.95 kg
R
A
= -674.95 kg
S max = 708.698 kg (staad-pro)
- P
U
= (1,3).( 708.698)
= 921.31 kg
f =
Ag
P
U
. |
=
). 427 . 1 ).( 9 , 0 (
) 31 . 921 (
= 717.36 kg/cm
2
< 2482.10 kg/cm
2
Cek kelangsingan bracing
300
min
<
i
lk
Imin >
300
100
Imin > 0.33 cm
674.95 kg
674.95 kg
16
Digunakan profil 25 x 25 x 3
q = 1.12 kg/m
t = 3 mm
A = 1.427 cm
2
I
x
= 0.797 cm
4
I
y
= 0.797 cm
4
Z
x
= 0.448 cm
3
Z
y
= 0.448 cm
3
i
x
= 0.747 cm
i
y
= 0.747 cm
17
Pada Dinding
Luas bidang berangin, A = ) 5 ).( 5 .(
2
1
= 12.5 m
2
P = (+0.9).(12.5).(40)
= 450 kg
Tiap simpul menerima beban sebesar, P = .(450)
= 112.5 kg
M
B
=
0 V = 0
(67.5).(5)+ (56.22).(5) =R
B
(5) S.sin (39.8) = 123
R
B
= 123 kg S = 192.15 kg
RA = -123 kg
Batang diagonal
P
u
= (1.3). (192.15)
= 249.79 kg
56.22 kg
67.5 kg
67.5 kg
56.22 kg
-135 kg 135 kg
39.8
39.8
39.8
39.8
3.91
6.00
18
Y
X
Dicoba profil C chanel (100 x 50 x 20) dengan t= 2 mm
f =
Ag
P
U
. |
=
) 54 . 4 ).( 9 , 0 (
) 79 . 249 (
= 61.13 kg/cm
2
< 2482.10 kg/cm
2
Cek kelangsingan bracing
300
min
<
i
lk
Imin >
300
781
Imin > 2.60 cm
Jadi profil C chanel (100 x 50 x 20) dengan t= 2 mm memenuhi syarat
Jadi gording dengan profil C 100x50x20, dengan tebal 2 mm dapat digunakan karena telah memenuhi
persyaratan.
q = 3.56 kg/m
t = 2 mm C
y
= 1,87 cm
A = 4.54 cm
2
X
o
= 4,48 cm
I
x
= 71 cm
4
J = 605 cm
4
I
y
= 17 cm
4
C
w
= 444 cm
6
Z
x
= 14.3 cm
3
19
Z
y
= 5.4 cm
3
i
x
= 3,92 cm
Perhitungan Beban pada kuda kuda
Perhitungan Beban pada kuda kuda jarak gording 1.05 m
Angin tekan tepi
P
y
= (1,3).(R
w
).(cos 30)
P
y
= (1,3).(21).(cos 30) = 23.64 Kg
P
x
= (1,3).(R
w
).(Sin 30)
P
x
= (1,3).(21).(sin 30) = 13.65 kg
Angin hisap tepi
P
y
= (1,3).(R
w
).(cos 30)
P
y
= (1,3).(-42).(cos 30) = -47,28 Kg
P
x
= (1,3).(R
w
).( sin 30)
P
x
= (1,3).(-23,40).(sin 30) = -27,3 Kg
Beban Tetap
P=(1,2).(R
D
)+(0.5).(R
L
).2
P=(1,2).( 23.4)+(0.5).(43.3).2
P= 71.38 Kg
p = 35,69 Kg
20
Desin profil pada kuda-kuda
Desain profil untuk batang 12 (Batang diagonal bagian bawah)
N
max
= 943.056 kg (Tekan)
L = 102.6 cm
Untuk Baja A36 (dari tabel AISC)
Besaran Fy = 36 Ksi = 248,21 Mpa = 2482,10 kg/cm
2
Besaran Fu = 60 Ksi = 413,68 Mpa = 4136,80 kg/cm
2
Dicoba profil Double siku sama sisi L = 25 X 25 X 3 Double Siku Sama Sisi
Besaran penampang Ag = 1.427 cm
2
ix = iy = 0.747 cm
Ix =Iy = 0.797cm
4
e = 0.85 cm
I = 1,71 cm i
min
= 0,48 cm
Zx = Zy = 0.448 cm
3
t = 1 cm
Cek tekuk lokal
=
= 4.2, f
= 12,69
< f (OK)
b t
h
21
Estimasi jarak kopel minimum
= 0,75
I min = i
= 0,48 .
L
1
= 36.21 cm
Coba 4 daerah = L
1
=
= 25 cm
l=
= 48.08 < 50 Ok
Kelangsingan arah sumbu beban bahan
=
= 137
Iy = 2(Iy + A
1
(e+0,5 t)
2
)
22
= 2 (0.797 + 1.427 (0.85 + 0,5.1)
2
)
= 6.8 cm
4
Ix = 2(Ix + A
1
(e+0,5 t)
2
)
= 2 (0.797 + 1.427 (0)
2
)
= 1.594cm
4
Ag = 2 Ag = 2 . 1.427 = 2.85 cm
2
iy =
= 1.54 cm
iy =
= 0.75 cm
y =
= 66.62
Kelangsingan Ideal
iy =
2
= 82.16 200(Ok)
Kestabilan batang majemuk
iy = 82.16 > l = 48.08 (OK)
tekuk terjadi pada sumbu bebas bahan
cy =
= 0.92
0.25 < c < 1,2 45 . 1
92 . 0 67 . 0 6 . 1
43 . 1
67 , 0 6 , 1
43 , 1
=
=
x s
e
Cek Tegangan
o
= x
A
N
<
y o
23
=
1.45 x
1.427
943.056
<
y o
= 958.25 kg/cm2 < 2482,10 kg/cm2 (Ok)
Desain profil untuk batang 24 (Batang diagonal atas)
N
max
= 267,49 kg (Tarik)
L = 95 cm
Untuk Baja A36 (dari tabel AISC)
Besaran Fy = 36 Ksi = 248,21 Mpa = 2482,10 kg/cm
2
Besaran Fu = 60 Ksi = 413,68 Mpa = 4136,80 kg/cm
2
Menghitung Ag
minimum
- Kondisi Leleh
Nu .
.Fy
267,49 0,90.
. 2482,10
Ag
Ag
min
= 0,24 cm
2
-
Kondisi Fracture
Nu .
.Fu
267,49 0,75.
. 4136,80
Ag
Ag
min
= 0,17 cm
2
Dari Kedua kondisi diatas
Ag
min
= 0,24 cm
2
(Leleh)
Ag
min
= 0,17 cm
2
(Fracture)
Diambil yang terbesar Ag
min
= 0,24 cm
2
Diasumsikan B/H = 1 (dipakai profil siku sama sisi)
Dicoba profil Double siku sama sisi L = 25.25.3 Double Siku Sama Sisi
24
\
Besaran penampang Ag = 1,427 cm
2
ix = iy = 0,747 cm
Ix =Iy = 0,797 cm
4
e = 1,12 kg/m
I = 1,71 cm i
min
= 0,48 cm
Zx = Zy = 0,448 cm
3
t = 1 cm
Cek tekuk lokal
=
= 4,17, f
= 12,69
f < f (OK)
Cek Tegangan
Ag = 2 Ag = 2 x 1,427 = 2,854 cm
2
o =
A
N
< 0.75
y o
=
854 , 2
267,49
= 93,72 < 1861,58 (Ok)
b t
h
25
Kelangsingan arah sumbu bebas beban
Iy = 2(Iy + A
1
(e+0,5 t)
2
)
= 2 (0,797 + 1,427 (1,12 + 0,5.1)
2
)
= 9,08 cm
4
Ix = 2(Ix + A
1
(e+0,5 t)
2
)
= 2 (0,797 + 1,427 (0)
2
)
= 1,59 cm
4
Ag = 2 Ag = 2 . 4.302 = 8.6 cm
2
iy =
= 1,78 cm
ix =
= 0,75 cm
Kelangsingan Ideal
y =
iy
Lk
=
1,78
95
= 53,37 < 200 (OK)
x =
ix
Lk
=
0,75
95
= 126,67 < 200 (OK)
i =
= 4.2, f
= 12,69
< f (OK)
Estimasi jarak kopel minimum
= 0,75
I min = i
= 0,48 .
b t
h
27
L
1
= 77.20 cm
Coba 4 daerah = L
1
=
= 26 cm
l=
= 49.68 < 50 Ok
Kelangsingan arah sumbu beban bahan
=
= 140
Iy = 2(Iy + A
1
(e+0,5 t)
2
)
= 2 (0.797 + 1.427 (0.85 + 0,5.1)
2
)
= 6.8 cm
4
Ix = 2(Ix + A
1
(e+0,5 t)
2
)
= 2 (0.797 + 1.427 (0)
2
)
28
= 1.594cm
4
Ag = 2 Ag = 2 . 1.427 = 2.85 cm
2
iy =
= 1.54 cm
iy =
= 0.75 cm
y =
= 66.62
Kelangsingan Ideal
iy =
2
= 50.35 200(Ok)
Kestabilan batang majemuk
iy = 50.35 > l = 49.68 (OK)
tekuk terjadi pada sumbu bebas bahan
cy =
= 0.6
0.25 < c < 1,2 20 . 1
6 . 0 67 . 0 6 . 1
43 . 1
67 , 0 6 , 1
43 , 1
=
=
x s
e
Cek Tegangan
o
= x
A
N
<
y o
=
1.20 x
1.427
282.208
<
y o
= 237.32 kg/cm2 < 2482,10 kg/cm2 (Ok)
29
Desain profil untuk batang 41 (Batang atas bagian bawah)
N
max
= 2770 kg (Tarik)
L = 102.6 cm
Untuk Baja A36 (dari tabel AISC)
Besaran Fy = 36 Ksi = 248,21 Mpa = 2482,10 kg/cm
2
Besaran Fu = 60 Ksi = 413,68 Mpa = 4136,80 kg/cm
2
Menghitung Ag
minimum
- Kondisi Leleh
Nu .
.Fy
2770 0,90.
. 2482,10
Ag
Ag
min
= 2.48 cm
2
-
Kondisi Fracture
Nu .
.Fu
2770 0,75.
. 4136,80
Ag
Ag
min
= 1.71 cm
2
Dari Kedua kondisi diatas
Ag
min
= 2.48 cm
2
(Leleh)
Ag
min
= 1.71cm
2
(Fracture)
Diambil yang terbesar Ag
min
= 2.48 cm
2
Diasumsikan B/H = 1 (dipakai profil siku sama sisi)
Dicoba profil Double siku sama sisi L = 40.40.5 Double Siku Sama Sisi
b t
h
30
Besaran penampang Ag = 3,755 cm
2
ix = iy = 1,2 cm
Ix =Iy = 5,42 cm
4
e = 2,95 kg/m
I = 1,71 cm i
min
=0.77 cm
Zx = Zy = 1.191cm
3
t = 1 cm
Cek tekuk lokal
f =
= 4 f
= 12,69
f < f (OK)
Cek Tegangan
Ag = 2 Ag = 2 x 3,755 = 7.51 cm
2
o =
A
N
< 0.75
y o
=
51 . 7
2770
= 368.84 < 1861,58 (Ok)
Kelangsingan arah sumbu bebas beban
Iy = 2(Iy + A
1
(e+0,5 t)
2
)
= 2 (5.42 + 3,76 (2,95 + 0,5.1)
2
)
= 100,35 cm
4
31
Ix = 2(Iy + A
1
(e+0,5 t)
2
)
= 2 (5.42 + 3,76 (0)
2
)
= 10.84 cm
4
Ag = 2 Ag = 2 . 4.302 = 8.6 cm
2
iy =
= 3.66 cm
ix =
= 1.2 cm
Kelangsingan Ideal
y =
iy
Lk
=
3.66
102.6
= 28.03 < 200 (OK
x =
ix
Lk
=
1.2
102.6
= 85.5 < 200 (OK)
i =
= 89.98 240(Ok)
Desain profil untuk batang 95 (Batang tegak bagian bawah)
N
max
= 1370 kg (Tarik)
L = 100 cm
Untuk Baja A36 (dari tabel AISC)
Besaran Fy = 36 Ksi = 248,21 Mpa = 2482,10 kg/cm
2
Besaran Fu = 60 Ksi = 413,68 Mpa = 4136,80 kg/cm
2
Menghitung Ag
minimum
- Kondisi Leleh
Nu .
.Fy
1370 0,90.
. 2482,10
32
Ag
Ag
min
= 1,22 cm
2
-
Kondisi Fracture
Nu .
.Fu
1370 0,75.
. 4136,80
Ag
Ag
min
= 0,88 cm
2
Dari Kedua kondisi diatas
Ag
min
= 1,22 cm
2
(Leleh)
Ag
min
= 0,88 cm
2
(Fracture)
Diambil yang terbesar Ag
min
= 1,22 cm
2
Diasumsikan B/H = 1 (dipakai profil siku sama sisi)
Dicoba profil Double siku sama sisi L = 25.25.3 Double Siku Sama Sisi
Besaran penampang Ag = 1,427cm
2
ix = iy = 0.747 cm
Ix =Iy = 0.797cm
4
e = 1.12 kg/m
I = 1,71 cm i
min
=0,332cm
Zx = Zy = 0.448 cm
3
t = 1 cm
Cek tekuk lokal
b t
h
33
f =
= 3.3, f
= 12,69
f < f (OK)
Cek Tegangan
Ag = 2 Ag = 2 x 1,427 = 2.85cm
2
o =
A
N
< 0.75
y o
=
85 , 2
1370
= 480,7 < 1861,58 (Ok)
Kelangsingan arah sumbu bebas beban
Iy = 2(Iy + A
1
(e+0,5 t)
2
)
= 2 (0,797 + 2.85 (1.12 + 0,5.1)
2
)
= 9,08 cm
4
Ix = 2(Iy + A
1
(e+0,5 t)
2
)
= 2 (0,797+ 2.85 (0)
2
)
= 1.59 cm
4
Ag = 2 Ag = 2 . 1,427 = 2,85 cm
2
iy =
= 1.78 cm
ix =
= 0,75 cm
Kelangsingan Ideal
34
y =
iy
Lk
=
1,78
100
= 56,18 < 200 (OK
x =
ix
Lk
=
0,75
100
= 133.3 < 200 (OK)
i =
= 144,67 240(Ok)
Desain profil untuk batang 26 (Batang bawah nagian bawah)
N
max
= 2290 kg (Tarik)
L = 105 cm
Untuk Baja A36 (dari tabel AISC)
Besaran Fy = 36 Ksi = 248,21 Mpa = 2482,10 kg/cm
2
Besaran Fu = 60 Ksi = 413,68 Mpa = 4136,80 kg/cm
2
Menghitung Ag
minimum
- Kondisi Leleh
Nu .
.Fy
2290 0,90.
. 2482,10
Ag
Ag
min
= 2,05 cm
2
-
Kondisi Fracture
Nu .
.Fu
2290 0,75.
. 4136,80
Ag
Ag
min
= 1,48 cm
2
Dari Kedua kondisi diatas
35
Ag
min
= 2,05 cm
2
(Leleh)
Ag
min
= 1,48 cm
2
(Fracture)
Diambil yang terbesar Ag
min
= 2,05 cm
2
Diasumsikan B/H = 1 (dipakai profil siku sama sisi)
Dicoba profil Double siku sama sisi L = 40.40.5 Double Siku Sama Sisi
Besaran penampang Ag = 3,755 cm
2
ix = iy = 1,2 cm
Ix =Iy = 5,42 cm
4
e = 2,95 kg/m
I = 1,71 cm i
min
= 0,77 cm
Zx = Zy = 1,191 cm
3
t = 1 cm
Cek tekuk lokal
=
= 4 , f
= 12,69
f < f (OK)
Cek Tegangan
Ag = 2 Ag = 2 x 3,755 = 7,51 cm
2
o =
A
N
< 0.75
y o
b t
h
36
=
51 , 7
2290
= 304,93 < 1861,58 (Ok)
Kelangsingan arah sumbu bebas beban
Iy = 2(Iy + A
1
(e+0,5 t)
2
)
= 2 (5,42 + 3,755 (2,95 + 0,5.1)
2
)
= 100,23 cm
4
Ix = 2(Ix + A
1
(e+0,5 t)
2
)
= 2 (5,42 + 3,755 (0)
2
)
= 10,84 cm
4
Ag = 2 Ag = 2 . 3,755 = 7,51 cm
2
iy =
= 3,65 cm
ix =
= 1,2 cm
Kelangsingan Ideal
y =
iy
Lk
=
3,65
105
= 28,77 < 200 (OK)
x =
ix
Lk
=
1,2
105
= 87,5 < 200 (OK)
i =
37
=
.Fy
403,58 0,90.
. 2482,10
Ag
Ag
min
= 0,36 cm
2
-
Kondisi Fracture
Nu .
.Fu
403,58 0,75.
. 4136,80
Ag
Ag
min
= 0,13 cm
2
Dari Kedua kondisi diatas
Ag
min
= 0,36 cm
2
(Leleh)
Ag
min
= 0,13 cm
2
(Fracture)
Diambil yang terbesar Ag
min
= 0,36 cm
2
Diasumsikan B/H = 1 (dipakai profil siku sama sisi)
Dicoba profil Double siku sama sisi L = 25.25.3 Double Siku Sama Sisi
b t
h
38
Besaran penampang Ag = 1,427 cm
2
ix = iy = 0,747 cm
Ix =Iy = 0,797 cm
4
e = 1,12 kg/m
I = 1,71 cm i
min
= 0,48 cm
Zx = Zy = 0,448 cm
3
t = 1 cm
Cek tekuk lokal
=
= 4,17, f
= 12,69
f < f (OK)
Cek Tegangan
Ag = 2 Ag = 2 x 1,427 = 2,854 cm
2
o =
A
N
< 0.75
y o
=
854 , 2
403,58
= 141,41 < 1861,58 (Ok)
Kelangsingan arah sumbu bebas beban
39
Iy = 2(Iy + A
1
(e+0,5 t)
2
)
= 2 (0,797 + 1,427 (1,12 + 0,5.1)
2
)
= 9,08 cm
4
Ix = 2(Ix + A
1
(e+0,5 t)
2
)
= 2 (0,797 + 1,427 (0)
2
)
= 1,59 cm
4
Ag = 2 Ag = 2 . 4.302 = 8.6 cm
2
iy =
= 1,78 cm
ix =
= 0,75 cm
Kelangsingan Ideal
y =
iy
Lk
=
1,78
80
= 44,94 < 200 (OK)
x =
ix
Lk
=
0,75
80
= 106,67 < 200 (OK)
i =
=
c>1,2
2
25 , 1 c e =
karena c = 15.6 berada pada c > 1,2
maka :
2
25 , 1 c = =
2
1.56 . 25 , 1 = =
= 3.042
Cek tegangan
o =
A
N
.
.
|
e =
) 63.53 ).( 9 , 0 (
) 1970 (
). 3.042 (
= 106.5 kg/cm
2
s
2482,10 kg/cm
2
o =
Z
M
A
N
. .
.
| |
e + =
) 472 ).( 9 , 0 (
) 100 ).( 10800 (
) 63.53 ).( 9 , 0 (
) 1970 (
). 3.042 ( +
= 2248 kg/cm
2
s
2482,10 kg/cm
2
Penampang balok WF cukup aman menerima gaya-gaya kombinasi dan tidak terjadi tekuk
lentur
Cek tegangan geser
S =
2 2 1 1
. . e A e A +
200 mm
e1
e2
200 mm
12 mm
8 mm
44
= (20).(10,6).(1.2) + (0.8).(8.8).(4,4)
= 285.376 cm
3
t =
I b
S V
.
.
=
) 4720 ).( 8 . 0 (
) 285.376 ).( 1854 (
= 140.12 kg/cm
2
s 0,56.
y
f = 1389,97 kg/cm
2
Perencanaan Pelat Kaki Kolom
Mmax = 10800 kgm
V max = 1850 kg
N max = 1970 kg
Direncanakan pelat kaki kolom ukuran 40 cm x 40 cm
( )
( )
2
min
2
max
2
2
/ 81 , 237
/ 19 , 242
240 19 , 2
30 30
6 . 100 10800
30 30
1970
6 .
cm kg
cm kg
x
x
x
bxh
M
bxh
p
=
=
=
=
=
o
o
o
o
min
.(30 - x
1
) = o
max
.(x
1
)
(237,81.(30-x
1
) = (242,19)x
1
7134,3 (237,81).x
1
= (242,19).x
1
7134,3 = (242,19 + 237,81).x
1
x
1
= 14,86 cm
Momen pada pelat kaki kolom
M = .(242,19).30.5
2
= 90821 kgcm = 908,21 kgm
10 cm
20 cm
10 cm
10 cm 20 cm 10 cm
5
cm
5
cm
5
cm
5
cm
45
Digunakan tebal plat kaki kolom 2 cm
Kontrol tegangan yang terjadi
) ....( .......... / 2400 / 1892
2 . 40
6
1
9 . 0
90821
.
6
1
90821
2 2
2
3
OK cm kg cm kg
t b
Z
Mu
< =
=
=
=
|
|
o
Perencanaan Angkur
Gaya F = . o
min
.b.x
1
= .(237,81).30.(14,86)
= 53007 kg
Ditentukan diameter angkur sebesar 1 cm dengan panjang 20 cm.
= (35-60%).fy
= 35%.(2400)
= 840 kg/cm
2
Pn = teg. lekatan x keliling x L
= ..d.L
= (840)..1.20
= 52778,8 kg
10 cm
20 cm
10 cm
10 cm 20 cm 10 cm
10 cm
5 cm
5 cm
5 cm 5 cm
46
Kontrol terhadap momen
Mu = .2.Pn.e
= (0,75).2.(52778,8).(0,15)
= 11875 kgm > 10800 kgm
Kontrol terhadap geser
V = .r
1
.fu.A.4
= (0,75).(0,4).(3700).(..1
2
).4
= 3487,2 kg > 1110 kg
47
10 cm
10 cm
20 cm
10 cm
10 cm 10 cm 20 cm
15 cm
75 cm
20 cm
2 cm
P = 1790 kg
M = 4341 kgm
V = 1110 kg
P=1970
kg
V=1850 kg
M=10800
kgm
5 cm
5 cm
5 cm 5 cm
15 cm