~AL

LiS7

NINEEING DATA

*.r~r

if~

r.4

19.50tj

.~. Puli tS c ae

VO~J
-'5

S . Ste

.*.

-I

-f

UC

28

~*
BEST

"

~5
___________________ D"?

i'--~'
-A .-. .C-*'

A I

~~

L.

EERHLBRTRE L

ABERDEEN~~~

PRVN

RUD

THIS DOCUMENT IS BEST QUALITY AVAILABLE. THE COPY FURNISHED TO DTIC CONTAINED A SIGNIFICANT NUMBER OF NOT DO WHICH PAGES REPRODUCE LEGIBLY.

B.ULISTIC RBSEARCH LAORA7O0tGES EM~BOOK OF M2IGfII-TMR.IG DATA

Preface For a niuber of years,. the Ballistic Research Laboratories of Aberdeen Proving Ground have been making measurements of the characteristics of projectiles, propelling charges, etc. While these data are available i various Ballistio Research Laboratories reports, there is no sigle doctment 'w0hich contains a concise tabulation of all the available information concerning the respective articles which have begen subject to moasurement. It vans pointed out by Colonel E. H. Zornirg that the utility of the information Ymould be considerably enhanced if all acquired data. were collected in a single docum~ent, Following Colonel Zornigt s suggestion, the preparation of a handbook of such engineering data as are available at the Ballistic Research Laboratories has been initiated* "be first rnmibers written by Mir. H. F. lHitdbh e deal 'with projectiles. Later additional series pertaining to propelling charges, guns, etc., will be proeaed. T1he number of an item in the handbook consists of three parts. The first part indicates the caliber, e.g., 6 in. -)r

5l5mm; the skeond indica~tes whether the item is a projectile,

a propelling Ahurge, or a guni; I denoting a projectile, 2, a propelling charge, and 3, a gurn. The third part indicates the modfel (Arabic) or mark number (Roman numerals). Thus l55-l'-III refers to the 155m projectile MK III *xile 3-1-42 relers to the
V shel U42.Accusiorn For

NTIS DrIC

CRA&M

TAP,
Uimfmw .-

Av1dty

_______t

MNINUNCED

TABLE OF CWNTENTn VOLUME I - 20-1-95 TO 75-1-310 ThCL. BRLH No. Shot, AP, 20-mm, M95 ................... Shell, Incendiary, 20-mm, M98 ............. Shell, HEI, 20-mm, M97 ................ Shot, APC, 37-mm, M51 .................. Shell, HE, 37-mm, M54 .................. Shot, APC, 37-am, M59 .................. Shot, AP, 37-mm, M0.................... Shell, HE, 40-mm, Mark 2................ Shot, AP, 40-mm, M81 or M81A............ Shell, HE. 57-mm, M306 .................. Shell, HEAT, 5'I-mm, M307 ................ Shell, HE, e0-mw,.M49A2 .................. Shell, illuminating, 60-mm, M3Al ......... Shell, Smoke (WI), 60-mm, M302 .......... Shell, HE, 75,rm, M4lA1 .................. Shell, HE, 75-mm, M48 and M48E2 ......... Projectile, APC, 75-mm, M61AI ............ Shell, HEAT, 75-mm, M66 ............... Shell, HE, 75-mm, )309 .................. Shell, HEAT, 75-mm, M310 ................ 20-1 -S5 20-1-96 20-1-97 37-1-51 Paragraph Nos. ........ ........ ........ ........ !- 8 .1-6 1-11 1- 0 1- 9 11- 8 1- 9 I- 8 1- 8 7 1-10

37-1-54 ........ Y -I-59 ........ 37-1-80 ........ 40-1- 2 ...... 40-1-81 ......... 57-1-306 ....... 57-1-307 ......... 80-1-49 ......... 60-1-83 .0-1-302 ...... ........

1- 7
1- 7 1- 8 .1-14 8 1- 9 1- 8 1- 8

'75-141 ......... 75-1-48 ........ .75-1-46 .........

75-1-61......... .175-1-309 ......... 75-1-310 .........

I!

I2

?4

r
LHandbook

BR~I 20-1.95

Ballisti(c Research Laboratories of Ballstic and Engineering Data for Ammuition,

Ballistic Research jl~ab. Aberdeen PrTavir.a G1rc-wrd, Mary'land.

No. 20-1.-95

/
She
,

DAA15

February 1949

for

1w
Section I HI iII IV V

AP, 20-mm, M95 With

Tracer
Pararaphs

General----------------------

Descripticr ----------------2- 4 Interior ballistic data ------------ 5 - -? Exterior ballistic data --------Effect data-------------------8

BEC77ON 1 GENERAL Paaraph Purpose- -- -- -- - -- - --- - -- --- - ------

1. -Purpose. The purpose of this number of the Wandacok is to furnish a canziclse col1-cticr. eA :nforznation regarding the shape, dynimics, ballistics and effects of tt2 20-~ ,,~ r ~~ Sho! '-1 5, whtch ccoita~ras a tracer compositio. Some diata are also given for the e5.pv ,. in'l A- =cr-plercIzvSh-1-T9E4 with Tracer, which Is sl.ghtly different from the MV5 (TgE5). This Wnortnatix is cou~etud frcn the dra-ings, reports, and technical manuals pertalniog to this ammniton.

BPUJR 20.1.95 a

BALUMtTdC AND ENG IWEMNG DATA

ALL DMENSIONS IN CALIBERS

_4.14

-2DB

ZS-

H----

--

.1",

.43 FL j

- F.67

SHOT, AP,20-MM, M95

._ 2.29

1.+x

;~4

11,

& 2T, 4?, 20-M 2 TSE4

FOR SHOT. AP. ?CO.M?

5 ,

20.i95 2.4

SECTION 17 DESCPIPTION

Draw

s .

..
-

2
. . . . . .
4

Dimensions -Physical characteristics 2. Drawings. Shct, AP, M95: ,n,1l parts assembly Metal parts details 75-2-333 75-2-341

Shot, AP, T9E4: Assembly and details

3. Dimeaslons. All dlmensicns beiow are in calibers. A" Shot:

TAM 130

B and: Diztance from base Widt-h

Bcdy: Length of cylndrial part

1495 0.50 0,2 5

1.75

T9E4

0.53 0.25
1.93

Lers.n of ogival art

ru-.zde length c ogival part RaS ius of ogival arc Tctal length Windihield assembly: Length of windshield Outzide length of adapter Length of assembly Length of ogivalp art Radius of arc Shot: Total k'ength Bearing length Effective ogival height 4. Physical characteristics.

1.06
0.30 1.43 3.08 2.39

1,08
0.24 1.45 3.01 1.7 0.20 1.99 1.85 2.29 4,!1 1.93 2.23

-7 2.29 4.14 -. 8 2.0t

The stan lard weisht -f Lre AP Sno N.M95 with tracer 1i 2S0C3 gral-s.

Tne measured physicaL characterlstics of the M'-95 Shot without tracer and the T9E4 Sho with tracer are as follos kP Shct M95 TgE4

w/o tr
We!git Base to center of gravity Axial mcment of inertia Transverse moment of inertia lb cal0 Er.in2 gr.ir We? 1.488 148.8 958

with tr
2=X 1.474 154.5 957

F3.H 0195 3.6

BMUJST1C AND ENCWNEM~JN(

DATA

I
Theoretical yaw in bore-----------5. Theoretca1 yaw in bor. MWnbium Maximum

SECTION INI
WlTERMOR BALLTIC DATA

---

----- -- -- -- -- - ----

For the- AP Shot M95: 18 mr, 22 muin SECTION IV MTMR BALLISTC DATA Paragraph

Aerodynamic data----------------Firing table data-----------------:

-3. Aerodynamic da.

-------

---- -- -- -- -- ------- -- -- -- -- -- -----

a. Draig. T'.e drag coefficient plotted ov page 5 was determined from resistance firings of the AP Shot TOE-4 witha Tracer at Mach numbers from 0.75 to 2.75. The data li1sted below 'were determined frvom time -of-fldght firing-, of the AP Shot MA95 with and without Tracer. MIU5 YShot Velocity (fps) Form !actor (Projectile TypeS J 1; Ballistic coefficient (Rrojectile TIYpe 5) C 5 With tr 3000 1.12 .413 .149 W/o tr 3000 1A5 .401 .153

Drag coefficient

b. Stability. &. letter from the director of the Ballistic Research Laborat-rles to the -hie.; of O.rdn.rncsv (APG 472.5/31"7-1821) gives data om the stablity of the A'P Shot 1495 without -Tracer. RL7 Re -rt No. 1A5, "Aerodynamics of 20-n-m Projectiles", gives data cn the stability of the AP Stot Tar-A wit.1 Tracer. AP Shot Velocity (fps" Moment coefficient Tlwistt Of riflibngl 11 ,,ability factor s XC M95 Wo tr 2700 i.68 V/25.586 2.2-98 T9E4 with tr 17501 1.47 U,625.586 2.78

FOP SHOT. AP. 20-MM.

95

BR.U-! 204-95 6

LiDRAG

COEFFICIENT VS MACH NUMBER

SHOT,APi O-ti,
-,,., . ..

4-

"+-

TAE4

--

K-+--.----

D' 0.1564 + 0.0670 SIN 0S

1~

-- i-I

0.0403 +
id 41 , _ X z0.0005V-0.555

iOX4

A0

i20.27M (FPS) It

j -L.:f-t-It-.t1 t

ii.f.'t*

-t.

-_--

-I-

~
i-L.4

--

.. j

-=i

----

r-

rG

---1""r---t---r-

. -4

,, , ."4 4L4 -t-

*
_

*L

+ . z-t+

..

----

l-

Ii t

7-I
,-

A+

it

',,+ +.'' ,-t-

',--r- ,.,-

'r-

.04--'

2 -

L -6

29

tO

a l IPJ

O ES N.,r PNG DA TA ALU .M C A ,"N SO

7. Fhiag tzb!$ dLta. No fring tables have been prepared for the AP Shot M95. FT 20AC-J-i,
T 20AC-K-1, FT 20AC-L-i and T 20AC-M-i for 20-rmm Automatic Gins M2 and .3 firing HE Shell T23 and HEI Sheii W~7 give data that are approximately correct for the AP Shot M95 (See L.. '"-1-97"/. OCM items 28550 and MUM recommended and approved standarM'ation of the AP Shot M9 . its stardard instrimental velocity is 2780 ff . at 90 feet from the M2 Gun.

EFFECT DATA Paragraph Peneliatlion - ...............-.

S. Peab atio.

--------------............----

The follcwing graphs, showing the penetration of armor plate by the 20-mm AP Shot

M95, were taken from Volume III of Aerminal Ballistic Datae.

PFOR SHOT. AP. 20-INIM M5

BIJI20-1.95

aENETRAl fON
iiL
4 *~4

VE0-YCRE

'4 HOOGEEEOUSARMOR PL-ATC1-J- 1 v 1TE INi

4-n -L,

II

~~~

40

120

i60

III

IBRLH:2M .95
PENTRTIN
4r--C

BAWUST.

AND ENVa~CDATA

ELXI YCURVES
AMO

2L
L-

4M1=

PLATE

1
.

44
4

r*
.rr'.4

I-

'44.,

-44
;:MA

-".OCT 94pps

___~

~ ~~

-1-_____ 1

__________

-____

4-.L E

f . .~__ .

. . . .

goo080

10

1600

2000

2400

2800

B:llistic Reoeaxch

IxtraH-les

M--.l

Lao.

-Frne-erL-;Data for Amnto.Maryvland.

'or

Sect!--. I
Gt-ora;
t.1 D ;n

irtrazrarcz
----

--------

--

------

2telcE1 b

tic data------------

P---P-,Zc' -

PU3,V--e -prv-not.Z-4

rl, thei -akibc !s -MW.

6-7~n -oiar S

m-ali'mrez ynam.--=-A -'- t" llt--!-= smaya. -f--

: Vlr -.

~s .m m

...

gtiai~~~ MLrtm23 t4pwid:

-earm -h -z -i-

-..- - - -

c-1n -, -... - --

Shcllcell

rprt

svanngts

-1-2-2,4

LPRU-I 20-1.96
2

BALLISTIC AND ENGINEERNG DATA

0*0
zO 0
_j)

zz ww

FOR SHELL INCENDIARY. 20-MM. M96

BRLH 20-1-% 3.5

9
3. Dimensions. 0.50 cal 0.25 cal 2.91 cal 2.39 cal Band: Distance from base Width Body: Length Length of cylindrical part

Length of ogival part

, val arc Radius cr.

0.52 cal
2.54 cal

Nose: Length
Conical ang-e Shell: Total length Head length 4. Physical characteristics. Weight: Standard Measured Base to center of gravity Axial moment of inertia Transverse moment of inertia

1.17 cal
3121

4.08 cal 1.69 cat

1920 grains 1993 grains 1.553 cal 2 155.5 gr.in 1305 gr.In2

SECTIC

I
Paragraph

MIERIOR BALLISTIC DATA

Theoretical yaw in bore .....5. Theoretical yaw in bore. Minimum Maximum

....

...-..-..----------------

8 min 13 min

SECTION IV

EXTERIOR UALLNM DATA

Paragraph
Aerodynamic data -- -8------FL-ing table dat --- ---------------------------------6

BRLt 20-1-96 6.7

BALTUSC AND ENGINEERINC

DATA

6. Aerodynamic data. a. Drag. The following values were determined from time-of-flight firings. Velocity Projectile weight Form factor (Projectile Type 5) Drag coefficient "D i5 Ballistic coefficient (Projectile Type 5) C5 2800 fps 1920 gr 1.16 .383 .156

b. Stability. BRL Report No. 515, "Aerodynamics of 20-mm Projectiles", gives data on the stability of Incendiary Shell M96. Velocity Moment coefficient Twist of rifling Stability factor KM I/n s 2750 fps 1.09 1/25.586 2.80

7. Firing table data. No firing tables have been prepared for the Incendiary Shell M96. FT 20AC-1-1, F'1 20AC-K-1, FT 20AC-L-l and FT 20AC-M-1 fcr 20-mm Automatic Guns M2 and M3 firing HE Shell T23 and HEI Shell M97 give data that are approximately correct for the Incendiary Shell M96 (see OH 20-i-97). 0CM items 26550 and 26906 recommended and approved standardization of the Incendiary Shell M96. Its standard instrumental velocity is 2810 fps at 90 feet from the M2 Gun.

BIS

0.97

BallTstic Laboratories HandbookResearch of Ballistic ma

Engnering Data for Ammuntion, No. 20-1-97

BalUitc Research Lab.

Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland. 15 February 1949

BALLISTIC AND ENGINEERING DATA for

Shell, HEI, 20-mm, M97 with

Fuze, PD, M75

Section Paragraphs

I U1
Mi rq

General -----------------Description ----------------Interior ballistic data --------Exterior ballistic data --------

I 2-4
5 -8 7 -9

Effect data -----------------ECTIOC I

10

GENERAL
Purpose -- ----------------- - - - - - - --

I. Purpose. The purpose of this number of the handbook is to furnish a concise collection of Information regarding the shape, dynamics, ballistics and effects of the 20-mm High Explosive Incendiary Shell M97 with the Point Detonating Fuze W75. This information is collected from the drawings, reports, firing tables, and technical manuals pertaining to this ammunition.

0.

~771

BRLH MOI-97 2

BALliSTIC AND ENCJNEEFJUNC DATA

q9I

upI

r
FFM *

L HE, 20MMK M97

BRLH 20.1-97 2-4

SECTION DESCRIPTION

Drawings

Dimension

-. - . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .-.......................

aw

gs......................--

2 4

Physical characteristics

2. Drawings. Shell: Metal parts assembly and details

Fuze: Assembly Details 3. Dimensions. Band: Distance from base Width Body: Length of cylindr'cal part Length of ogival part Radius of ogival arc

75-2-335
73-1-193 73-1-194

0.48 cal 0.25 cal 2.41 cal 0,65 cal 2.54 cal

Fuze: Oatside length

Conical angle Length: Shell Shell and fuze Ogitve and Atze 4. Physical characteristics.

1.05 Cal
200241. 3.06 cal 4.11 cal 1.70 cal

a. The physical characteristics of the HE Shell T23 with the PD Fuze T71E4, of which the present projectile is a slight modification, are as follows: Weight Base to center of gravity Axial moment of inertia Transverse moment of inertia 2000 grains 1.643 cal 165.0 gr.in 2 1442 gr.n 2

b. The standard weight of the HEI Shell M97 with the PD Fuze M75 was changed by OCM item 26553 to 2039 grains.

L 20-X97

XBALIJSTIC AND ENCN.F.ING DATA

-622

SECTIFONS B
"'06 117

+4T4

15

*234
+416

J 4

LONItUDINAL...

AXES OF RESULTANT STRESS

DIAGRAM OF RESULTANT STRESSES

FOR SHELL

. 20-MMK W7

BRL8 20-1-97

5-7

SECTION La

iwzmOR BALLISTIC r TA
Paragrap
Stresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
-

..
-

Theoretical yaw in bore .....................-

5. Stresses. The following table and the graphical representation m page 4 show the longitudinal, radial and tangential stress at each of three sections: ki,, the rear corner of the band seat, (B) the front of Lhe bnd seat, and (C) immediately behind the bourrelet. Gun, Automatic, 20-mm Twist of rifling Cross-sectional area of bore ?lated maximum pressure Total weight of projectile Muzzle velocity De-tnslty of filler (Incend tetryl) Resultant Streiss* 0 .psi Lwngitldinal Radial Tangential
*

M2 1/25.586 0,5148 sq in. 48,000 psI 0.2913 b (2039 gr) 2800 fps 0.0505 lb per -u In. A -222 +474 -822 Section B -720 +108 +418 C -378 + 65 +2M

+ denotes tension,

- denotes compression.

6. Theoratical yaw in bore.

MPnimum
* Maximum

8 min
13 min

SECT7ON T
EXTERIOR BALLTSTEC DATA

Paragraph
Aerodynamic data ........... .....Firing table data: Automatic Gun W42 -...-.-.-.-.-.-.---- -------Firing table data: Automatic Guns W43, ?A23 and M24 . --.-.-.-------.----------------7 8 9

7. Aerodynamic data. The following data, taken from Bsdiistlc Research Laboratory Report No. 515, "Aerod'-namics of 20-mm Projectiles", pertai to the HE Shell T23 (Dwg TAM 371) with the PD Fuze T71E4 (Dwe TAM (301):

24 M,1-97

BALUSIZC AND EUNINEFRNG DATA

Velocity
Weight Form factor (Projectie Type 4,: Ballistic coefficient (Projectile Type 5) Drag coefficient Cross Wind Force coefficient

u
In
4

2800 fps
200 gr 1.1 0.404 0.? 55 1.27

C5 KD KL

Normal Force coefficient

Base to Center of PDressure Overturning Moment coefficient Ratio of ccaffictents Drft function Yawing Moment coefficient Magnus Moment coefficient K h KM
-K

1.43
2.40 cal 1.09 .17 1.49 x i-,J 1.56 Lt -0.005
7

YL/KM

117

KL/

Twist of rifling (7' angle)

Stability factor

1/n
S

1/25,586
2.85

$.

Mug U

data. Automatic GuA 30 (67.52-inch Tube). FT 20AC-1-1, FT 20AC-K-1 with

Twist of rifling: 1/25.586 (7' angle). OCM items 26550 and 26906 recom-

supplement and FT 20AC-L-1.

mended and approved standardizatin of the HEI SheU M97 wit the PD Fuze M75. Its starar.. .nstrumental velocity Is 2'780 to at 90 fe- from the M2 Gun. The firing tables were comp-ted for a pry;e:tlie weight of 2000 g"rans, which is that of .:.e HE Shell T23 with tme PD Fuze T?1F4, and a muzzle vel -city of 2750 fps. a. Form factor. Thv !crm factor of the 2000-Vgrain HE Shell relative to the 20-mm AP Shet TgE4, whose dag coefficien is i-ven in BRLH 20-1-95, is i 0.905. of the 20-imn

b. Ballitic coefcle.

The ballistic coefficient with respect to the drag functio

AP Shot T9E4 is C - 0.510.

=6

FOR SHEL.L HE . 2-M.Nt M97

BRLH82.-97 8-9

c. Stability factor (normal)

d. Da ping coefficients. (e. Windage j mp coefficient. i . Yaw-drag coefficient.

,- 2.85
c' - 0.001,548,8 ft "
, 0.000,097,8 ft.1 b - 86,600 mil. fps K,616.4 rad 2

g.Traectory data. (1) FT 20AC-J-1 gves trajectory data for: (a) Present range, nearly horizontal flghi, and gun flexible in elevation. (b) Present range, inclined flight, and gun fixed at low elevation. (2) FT 20AC-K-I and Its supplement give trajectory data for tuture range, horizcntal flight, and
all-around fire. (3) FFT 20AC-L-1 gives trajectory data for future range, horizontal and diving flight, and forward flre.

9. Firing table data Automatic Guns U3, M23 ad M?4 (52.50-inch Tube T31).
FT 2OAC-K-2. Twist of rifling: 1/25.586 (70 angle). The firing table was computed for a projectule weight of 2000 grains, which is that of the HE Shell T23 with the PD Fuze T71E4, and a muzzle velocity of

2880 fps.
a. Form factor (relative to AP Shot T9E4) b. Ballistic coefficient (drag function of AP Shot T9E4) c. Stability factor (normal) d. Damping coefficients.
s

0.905

C - 0.510
K

2.85

1 c' - 0.001,548,8 ft-

c" - 0.000,099,2

ft

e. Windage jwp coefficient. f. Yaw-drag coefficient.

104,311

mil. fps

"2 Km - 16.4 rad

g. Trajectory data. FT 20AC-K-2 gives trajectory data for future range, horizontal flght and

all-arouand fire.

RRL

201I-97 I0

BALLISTIC AND ENGINEERING DATA

SECTON" V

EFFECT DATA

Paragraph
Fragmentation -. ----------10. Fr gmelato. -- - - -- - -----10 The following table, taken from Volune I of "Terminal Ballistic Data", gives

the casualties due to fragmentation of the HEI Shell M97. The initial fragment velocity Is 1960 fps. TABLE 37

CASUALTIES Average
Distance from burst Total number of effective number of effective frag-

For the lightest

effective fragment Weight Velocity

(ft) r 10 20 30

fragments N 30 21 15

ments per sq ft B 0,0239 0.0042 0.0013

(oz) In 0.024 0.033 0.042

(fps) v 1570 1340 1190

40
50

11
20

0.0005
0.0003

0.050
0.057

i 090
1020 q72

60 70
80

9 8
7

0.0002 0.0001
0.0001

0.063 0.089
0.075

929
891

BRLH 37.1.511

Ballistic Research Laboratories Handbook of Ballistic and Engineering Data for Ammunition, No. 37-1-51 BALLITIC AND ENGTNEERING DATA for Shot, APC, 37-mm, M51 with Self-destroying Tracer

Bailistic Research Lab. Aberdeen Prcving Ground, Maryland. 17 February 1949

Section._
i H III IV General -------------------Description ----------------interior ballistic data -------Exterior ballistic data --------

Praraphs
I 2- 4 5 6 -7

Effect data ------------------

SECTION I

GENERAL Paragraph
- ------ -. ---------.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-

1. Purp-os.

The purpose of this number of the ha.Jbook is to furnish a concise c.ilection of infor-

mati%. :4&:oa;ng thC shape, dynamics, ballistics and effects of the 37 -mn, Ar.or-pier:ing Capped Sho M51, which . a self-lest-royIng tracer composition. This inf:rmatien is collected from the drawings, reports, firing tabes, and technical manuals pertaining to this am munitii.

I"
1=N

2!

ZlF]
11. i J~.% -I I."t
3

.%_"__i ti \,>.I ' I. "

tI

III-"

-%',

iwi
1
4!
4-

3. Dmensiols.

Phan------c 2. Drav~ng.

s-c--------

- --- -

---

------ - ----

Sh:M-etai oca.tf- ssemvaid-ea

3. DimenffsionIs.

Baa-

C~'P-tt "'5

srd
n4".'

3*--A c:&-

Cam: L-,-' I
iaL.iee

iegt.)

,a. , cal

a iISOfa.C'-?.. * c-'
-" -

Tho

'

c.c ca

Total so 4- Physical characteriti~csMean wes -- es. dat4 apply tothe

Shot

i.."

"-

ie"ned raczerzcits.

-,-t s, .ndard)

''ra:-rsee-se zncent of inertia32

zn

cai
I

$6

BRIH 37.1-51 5.6

BALUSTIC AND ENGINEERING DATA

SECTION III

INTERIOR BALLISTIC DATA Paragraph Theoretical yaw in bore ....5. Theoretical yaw in bore. Minimum Maximum 13 min 22 min

.......-

.-.-.-------------.

SECTION IV EXTERIOR BALLISTIC DATA

Paragraph Aerodynamic data ......Firing table data ......6. Aerodynamic data. a. Drag. The3e data were obtained from time-of-flight firings. Muzzle velocity Drag function Ballistic coefficient Form factor Drag coefficient, KD 2900 fps G6 0.984 0.92 0.101 ..............----------------............-.....----------------6 7

b. Stability. Ballistic Research Laboratory Report No. 225, "Stability of 37-mm HE Shell M63, AP Shot M51, and Proof Projectile MS?"', gives the stability factors which were determined for this projectile at muzzle velocities of 2740 fps ond 1350 fps. It was fired from the Sub-caliber Tube M1925 whose twist of rifling is 1/40. The Tank Gun MC is rifled with a twist of 1/25.

MV fp, 1350

Twist of Rifling 1/40

Stability Factor 1.23

M.nment Coef. KM

2740
Avg

1/40
1/40 1/25

1.18
1.205 3.1 1.35 (computed from the moments of inertia of shot with unburnt tracer composition and the observed stabiity factor)

4j
4-

FOR SHOT, APMC 37-MM, MS1

BRLH 37-1.51 7

7. Firing table data. FT 37-S-3. Gun, 37-mm, M6 (.nounted in Light Tanks M3A3 and M5A, by applying suitable corrections to the elevation, the firing table may be used for Light Tanks M3AI and M5 and the Light Armored Car M8). Twist oi Rifling: 1/25. Muzzle Velocity: 2900 fps. Projectile weight: 1.92 lb. OCM Items 14801 and 14859 recommended and approved standardizat,on of the AP Shot M51. Item 17699 changed its designation to APC Shot M51.

BRLH 37-1-51
7

BALLSTIC AND ENGINEU~INr, DATA

ft-1 k -44

BALLIT M

RANGOEND-

J~E

-'jf

4AG

Al_u~h~

I
t*
4-i-

I
41 1
00 r
I

41
H4 400
500

100 aoo

[FOR

SHOT. AM. 37-MiM. M51I

BRL-H 37-5.1
7

4t~21I~ELEVATIO4-RANGE CURVE

70

4-4

-4;11

-T)j

400

3400

01

J-11

RIM 37-1-51

BALUflIC AND ENGINELRING DATA

I.~~~TM

2 F-A-;~LIGHOFI

RANG.

CURVE

EOFIGTSE

4ip{ii.'L4

Tj..I: I 'r-jj

t~jr[i:

....... I t

7it 220

ttI

2400J2;l>-t

'r4+

tI

7.

rl

I5

F -FK

____>

--

z0

LZ

400

00

-44-0

FOR SHOT. APC. 37-16,

M51

BRLH 37-1-51 8

SECTION V EFFECT DATA

Paragraph Penetrat on - -------b. a. Penetration. Ballistic Limits. Homogeneous armor plate. -------- - - - - - ----

ThiclMess inches 1.00 1286

Plate Brinneil Harness 291 289 371 374 364 402 402 402 306 277 248 273 307 233 269 320 363 360 273 274 242 242 274 289 317 325 324 363 392 417

Obliquity deg. 0 20 30 0 20 30 0 20 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 20 0 20

Ballistic Limit Type fps Army 1257 1345 1396 1034 1160 1518 986 1141 1463 1410 1383 1453 1388 1333 1590 1614 3.639 1572 1724 1775 !744 1860 2036

Number In Average 3 1 2 4 5 2 2 3 2 2 I 1 9 4 13 53 8 2 2 1 5 2 2 14 1 8 4 2 i 2 2

i.125 1.18 1.25

1,50

i.75 2,30
_

j
2.50 o,--, 0.875

0
0 0 20 .0 03 0 0 '2182

20
2032 1990 2308 Navy 121 143 1921

--.27

4.3

986
1563

I
)5

1
2.0 3

I75
__74_

7
189 7

BrLH 37-151 8

BAtL_'T1c AND ENGINT.-EPJNG DAIA

b. Ballistic Limits. Face-hardened armor plte.

Plate Obiquity Thickness--inches de9 0.75 0

Ballistic Limit Type fps Army 1449

Nuiber In Average 14

1.00

25 0 20
30 40 0 20 0 0 Navy

1038 1023 1148

1298 1539 1656 2011 1003 1460

4 11 4
7 6 30 1_2 3 1

1.50 0.50 0.625

1.00

0
20

1384
1298

8
5-

29
30

1490
1394

1
5

40
1.50

1549
1831 1871 1991 2057

3
1 1I 14 8

46.43 0 20 30

c. Vulnerability of German tanks. The foll.ving data on vulnerability of German tanks (Panzerkampfwagen) to APC Shot M51, fired from the 37-mm Tank Gun M8 at a muzzle velocity of 2900 fps, were taken from TM 9-1907, "Ballistic Data, Performance of Ammuit!-on". Maximum Vulnerable Range - Yards M i

Tank Model

V25
Q -. 53 --95, 1 "
3 173A0

Attack
Frontal

Angle
Turret Sides Turret Front

0
25913 1200

5
950 ' ---

F nk

Turret"Rear

2970

7 1500
9-0 --1730 1730 1500 950 -----

11170 970
2590 1170 420-1 .232a:) 297. , 117 0 117-0 80 4800

259"3

1340

0
' IU
7

Turret Sides Turret Front Upper Hull Sides Lower Hull Sides Rear Turret Rear Turret Sides Turret Front Upper Hull Fear Loser Hull Rear

"2590 1200 3200 3200 2970 2590

1200
1460 !580

134950 .
0A

i .. I43

---

10

___________

-J

FOR SHOT. APC. 37-MMN. M

BRLH 37.1-51

H.

-HAMMVtU8

HOMOGENEOUS ARMOR PLATE ORTERION rNAVY

T-44

H!

I00

FROp M VO.M7Ot4RINLWL CDT

t
4-

r4

ifI

BRIM 37.1-51

BALLISMIC AND ENGINEERING DATA

H I -'

-4EI-1ATIUN

-VELOCITY OL(VS

V
F
1 Hj4

FAC HARDENED ARMOR PLATE

NAVY CRITERION
F*ERIA BALLISTIC
LAMA

QFROM VOL.N1 30C

i~iANGoLE OFr iNCID)ENCE--

[
6 0 0 2 k

4:177

u.

4-

Li

II

-*1'

'

14441

177

1400

BRLH 37.1.54 I-

Balis:tic Research Laboratories Handbook of Ballistic and Engineering Data for Ammunition, No. 37-1-54 BALLETIC AND ENGVOMEERIDG DATA
for

Ballistic Research Lab. Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland. 18 February 1949

Shell, HE, 37 -am, :M-5

with Shell-destroying Tracer and Fuze, PD, M56 Section Paragraphs

i
TI In
iv V

General -------------------Description ----------------interior ballistic data--------Exterior ballistic data --------

I
2 -4
-5 - 6
7 - 10I

Effect data ------------------

11

SECTIO I
GENERAL

Paragraph

1. Purpose. The pt-pcs-e of "this number of the 1handbook is to furnish a zcnt-se

,,ollezton -f nfor-

.atio= regarding the shape, dynamics, balliotlcs and effects of the 37-mm High ExpinsiVe -hell 1454 with
This information Is cOileted from the draySheUi-dettrzying Tracer and the Point Detonating Fuze ,M56. Ings, reports and firing tables pertalning to this ammunItIon.

8RLH 37-1-54

BALLIS-1IC AND EUNGINEERING DATA

Z
C!_

___a0*,' _
_

~~Lr

i
W

Fi-n;i
l

71c
V0

FOR SHELL HE. 374.MA M54 V

Mill 37-54 2.4

SECTION 11 DESCPJPTION

ararph
Drawings .............. .....-. ..--------------------Dimensions ................................ Physical characteristics .....- .... ...-...-..---------------2. Drawings. Shell: Metal parts assembly and details Lmding assembly and details 75-2-279 75-14-225 73-2-i58 73-2-159 160, l1

2 3 4

Fuze: Assembly Details

3. Dimensions,

Boattall: Angle
Length Rand: Ditance from boatta-1Ditance from base , ,uu Cylindrical body: Length Length R adlus of arc uze: Oitside legth
give:

90, 0.94 cal 0.34 cal 1.25 Cal 0. vcal 1.21 cal 0.67 cal 4.32 cal .2 ca 2.82 r.ai 4.02 1_87

Leneth: Shell Shell and fuze Cgive and fuze 4. Physical characteristics.

~Mean weight (standiard)

Va

Base to center of gravity Axial moment of inertia* -ransverse moment of Wertia' easured with the HiE Shell T12 and alumin712

a
i .ThiEZ"helM bDum sas;ignt"
'

$.374

24
yv Cur uze same
c t

- ification of the H; Shell

he P' Fuze 166 r.-a

-nit

t,"- =n,. n the Mb Fuze.

exzep.

for a scre, with a fiat head about 3-6 inch Ln diameter that

"I

, e. .th 5u e
a
_ -

II

BRI

37-t454

JIALUS1IC AIN!) ENGINEEflNG DAT1A

SECTIONS
-79

+5+81

-239

-563w

+ 353

LoNGltruDINAL AXES OF RESULTANT St7RESS

DIAGRAM OF RESULTANT STRESSES

FO S4E..HE

37.>mm.

W-S'

BPJ=

37-.4

SECflCr1 M INTEJOR BALLISTIC DAT A

-Str---esses'Iheorei~ i 1

--Ctr --- e.O

-

----- -

'I

--

5. Stresses. Th r-adial and tangential stress at ea o' he b-anset

table~ s

-e gah-re

rpe=-U' 4

t
.the

Ci tw: zeclucs.

z~rMo-

bamd seMa

Re

Oraoss-sectlraz area Of b-v ed matrrucz ;ress-re .Muzze veIlcr

:.2

xz'
n.

s-;in s

~~~ensltte

s!..

en'-es

6. Thbeoreticala yaw in br,

EX T-U'tO

BA'LITN--C DATA

I~

In

-~ -~- --

-' --

----

-~

- -

-%t=='

I.m

BRLH 37.1-54
7

BALM=TI

AND ENC.INEERNG DATA

DRGCOEFFICIENT VSMACH NUM

SHELL, HE, 37-MM M54 :IL 'l I tI-i-tjFUZE, I

PD, M 56

41IT
1iLj

T- -1

*-- *

t..

+ I tt

z'

t-_l

IfI
;T

D
.44-

-T

FOR SHELL HE. 37-MM. M54

BRUt4 37.1.54

7.8

7. Aerodynamic data. The drag coefficient plotted on page 6 and the aerodynamic data tabulated below were taken from Ballistic Research Laboratory Reports No. 354 and 357, "Aerodynamlos aof 37-mm HE Shell M54" and "Damping of Calibers 0.30 and 3.59 Bullets and 37-mm HE Shell". The time of flight, drift, and yaw fi--ings were conducted with ...e HE Shell 1,154 and the -D Fuze M56 without the det-nator. Veiccity Drag coefficient Cross Wind Force coefficient Normal Force coeffient Base to Center of Pressure 0.:erturniing Moment coefficient -Ratio of coefficients Drift function Yawing Moment coeff lcient Magnus Moment coe-Ificient Twist of Riling Stabi lity factor KH K1 1/n s
U

2303 fIPS 161 0.98 1.14 3.20 cal 1.89 0.518 2~K~13.0 x 10-8 3.16 -0.19 1/30 1.66 1/25 2.3 9

K,0. KL KN h xM K /K -

8. Firing table data. Automatic Gun M1A2.

(Antiaircraft)

FT 37A-.-"-2. TIwist of rifling; 1/30. Muzzle veoi;2500 fps 1(the standard Muzzle veilclty for a newi gun i1S263C'- fpsi. 3CM items 15811 and 15806 reciommended aria app-roved Standardization -11 'he HE Shell M.54 and 7-: Fuze W156 in the Automatic Gn 'M14.2. a. Form factor (Proj Type 5). b. Ballistic coefficient (Proji T yp, 5). c. Trajectory data. rrajectory and time curves .-I- a muzzle veiocItyo 25a.X fp~s are glven -:n the firing tables. the trajectory chart, which is appended Maximii . norizontal r-ange Maximumn ordinate 8875 yd 6200 yd 1 0.22

7_

DRU-i 371-54 9-10

BALUSTIC AND ENCJNEERING DATA

9. Firing table data. AutomatIc Guns M4 and M10 (Aircraft).

FT 37AC-AO-l and FT V7AC-AX-i. Twist Of rifling: 1/25. Mduzzle velocity: 2-1) fps. The M'1n

dification of the M4 .3un, with a disintegrating belt feed. CCM Items 1581 1 and 1'-866 rez-ommende'l Gun is a mcand approed standaridzatlmn of the HE Shell M54 and PD Fuze M56 in the Automatiz Gun M4. with PD Faze M56 relative to Its a. Form factor. The form factor of the HE Shell

M.Vn Th4drag

function Is 1 = 1.003.
b. Balilstlc coefficient. The ballistic coeffizient of this 1.34-lb projectile relative to its mun drag
function is C
=

3.631. The drag coefficient curve i- shown on page 6. The 'drag function' to which

FT 37AC-AO-i refers is G/3.531: the ballistic coefficient relative to this function is 1.00. c. Stability factor (normal). d. Damping coefficients. s s . 2.39 c'

.1

00,2ftPic--0:000,366
e. Windage jump coefficient. f. Yaw-drag coefficient. g. Trajectory data. K b - 38,000 ill. fps 16.4 rad 2

'FT 37AC-AO-1 gives time of flight and vertical and lateral deflections for irVe angle of

all-around fire from a gun mownted in aircraft in horizontal flight. F- 37AC-AX-l giv.s similar iata for limited rl-e from a gun m -nned in aircraft in .. rizontal flight, with zorrections for a 800 i'll". Firing table data. Automatic Gur. M9 (Aircraft). C37AC-BF-i and FT 3'AC-BL-1 . Twist of rifling; 1/30. Muzzle velco'ity: 2550 fps (the stan-

.. inwzzL_ veiacity for a nev; in standardization of "he HE Shell M54

is 2500 fps).

-CM items 15811 and 15866 recommended and approved

ia PD Fuze M56 In aircraft guns.

a. Form factor. The form factor of the HE Shell M54 wi

fu.nction is I w 1.50

'P Fuze M56 relative to its own drag

its own arag
to

b. Ballistic coefficient. The ballistic ,oe""fcient of this 1.34-It projectile relative f -n 's 7 3.531. The drag zcefficient curv-:s shown on page
.

The 'drag funct

'

which

FT 37V - -1 refers is G/3.d3i: the ballisti coefficient relative

tnis function is 1.03.

rOR SHELL HE. 37-MM. M54 F

BRJ-I 37.154
10.11

c.

Stability factor (normal).

s c

I1.66
0.001, It -I 0.000,066 ft
2 - 16.4 rad-

d. Damping coefficients. e. Windage jump coefficient. Yaw-drag coefficient. Te

b =40,375 rail. fps

f.

"D6

g. Trajectory data, FT 37AC-BF-1 gives tume cf flight and vertical and lateral deflections for all-around fire from a gun mounted in aircraft inhorizontal flight. FT 37AC-BL-1 gives time of flight. gun elevation, and lateral defiecti n for forward fire from a gun mounted in aircraft in horizontal flight.

SECTION V
EFFECT DATA

Fragmentation -- --------11.

----

---

----

---

----

--

11

Fragmentation. FYrng Record P36686 gives the results of a fragmentation test of three HE

Shell M54 with a modified PD Fuze M56, conducted at Aberdeen Proving Ground. Two semI.-circular panels 6 feet high were made of pine boards with a nominal thickness of 1 inch:

panel A had a radius of

iD feet; panel R, 20 feet. Each shell was suspended at the common center of the circular arcs ina plane bisecting the panels with its axis horizontal and directed toward the edges of the panels. The shell were detonated statically. The velocity of some of the fragments was meaured at a distance of i0 feet. The namber of perforations and penetrations ineach board were counted. The following table gives the ve,ocity in each spray and the number of perforations and penetratiors in each panel.

Round No.
1 2 3

Velocity - fps Side Nose Tail 3A0

2520
----

A
21 41 30

I--.rforations B Total
11

A 1i

Penetrations B T Ra!
63 119 108 220

1460
----

----

730

1900 1330

12
16

32 53 46

157 93

310 20i

BRIM 37-1.59

Ballistic Research Laboratories Handbook of iBallistlc and Engineering Data for Ammunition, No. 37-1-59 BALLISTIC AND ENGINEERING DATA !or

Ballistic Research Lab. Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21 February 1949

Shot, APC, 37-mm, M59

with Sell-destroying Tracer Section I I III W. General ---------------------Descripticn----------------Interior ballistic dsa ---------Exterior ballistic data --------2 -4 5 - 8 Pragraphs 1

Effect data -------------------

SECnotK I
GENERAL

Paragraph Purpose -- - --------------- - - - - - - - --

1. purpose. The purpose of this number of the handbook is to furnish a concise collection of informatlon regarding the shape, dynamics, ballistics and effects of the 37-mw Armor-piercing Capped Shot
M59, which contains a seli-destroying tracebcomposition. !gs, This information is collected from the drawreports, firing tables, and technical manuals pertaining to this ammunition.

iI
II
*k

BRLI! 37.1.59 2

B.ALLZSMC AND ENCINEEJUNG DATA

faa

0a

[
FOR SHOT. APC, 37.MM M59 BRLH 37.-59

SECTION 11 DESCRIPTION Paragraph

Drawing -.- . . . . .. .-. .. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. . ..- . .-. .-. Dimensions --------- -------------------. Physical characteristics 2. Drawing. Shet: Metal parts assembly and detail 3. Dimensions. 75-2-289
-.......................

2 3 4

Band: Distance from base

Width Cylindrical part of body: Length Ogival part of. body: Length Outside length Radius of arc Cap: Length Length of ogival part Radtus of arc Vertical angle Length: Shot body Total ogive Total projectile 4. Physical characteristics. Weight (standard) Base to center of gravity Axial moment of inertia Transverse moment of inertia

0.40 cal
0.50 cal 1.80 cal 1.09 cal 0.28 cal 1.61 cal 1.06 cal 0.84 cal 8.92 cal 1200 2.89 cal 1.34 cal 3.14 cal

1.91 1b 1.450 cal 0.4835 lb.in 2 .315 lb.n 2

SECTION 1IM INTERIOR BALLB1T DATA

Theoretical yaw 4n bore .....5. Theoretical yaw in bore. Minimum Maximum

..........-...----------------

13 min 22 M.n-

L9

RRLH 37-1-59 6

BALUSM AND ENCINTXANG DATA

-4

DRAG COEFFICIENT VS MACH NLMBER SHOT, APO, 37-MM, M59 WITHOUT TRACER a K OOI1243i 12 V K D D6 V 11120.2?M(FPS)

T 7-1

t : tt lit I If If it If

R1 4c I f

if + if

110,

36

14+

It itI I

II I I I f f i t 1 -1 I if

if

4if I

--4I I if I I If

it I-F
.to fit tit I fi t ; I II Ell. ME
-4

it
if it T T

H14

ilt. fix; -i 47li t

t 0.5 Lo 3b 3.5

FOR SHOr, AM 37.M.

M59

BRIH 37-1-59 6.7

SECTION IV

EXTERIOR BALLISTIC DATA

LParagrapi~

Aerodynamic data ......-...

..

..-..-.-.-------------------

6
7 8

Firing table data: Automatic Gun, MIA2 ..--.-.-.-.--- ----------Firing table data: Automatic Gun M9------------------------------

6. Aerodynamic data. The drag coefficient plotted on page 4 was determined from resistance firings of the APC Shot M59 without tracer at Mach numbers from 1.1 to 2.25. The other data listed below were taken from Ballistic Research Lab3ratory Report No. 436, "Yaw and Drift of 37-mm Armor-piercing Shote, and pertain to M59 Shot with tracer. Velocity Drag coefficient Cross Wind Force coefficient u KD KL 2800 fps 0.396 0.093

Normal Force Coefficient

Base to Center of Pressure Ovierturning Moment coefficient Ratio of coefficients Drift function Yawing Moment coefficient Magnus Moment coefficient Twist of rifling Stability factor 7. Firing table data. Automatic Gun MIA2 (,Anti2rcrft).

KN
h KM KL/K
M

0.489
1.96 cal 0.250 0,37 4.7 x 10-8 1.62 -0.125 1/30 12.15

T /Ku 2 KH K1 i/nl a

FT 37AA-N-2, Ci. Twist of rifling: 1/30. Muzzle v.i'7:2050

fps. OCM items 16088 and 16144

recommended and approved standardization of the AP Shot M59 in the Automatic Gun MIA2. OCM item 17699 changed its designation from AP to APC.

ORLH 37.1-59 7

RALUSTIC AND ENGINEERNG DATA

a..FRM F~TORRANGE CURVE (PROJ TYPE I)

205 MV:jFP
I4

-H1

-L-

44-+ ... -_ . .,

T. --

--_

Ift
j-400 50if0360~

lA'i-Y it,. RD
I 6

FOR SHOT. APr- 37AM M59

BRLH 37.1-59

ctELEVATIoN - RANGE CURVE MV 2050 FPS L -H . . LJ t-T

4-

t41A i

t i I

fill

40 .j ----......

i fill

I fit

1 V

30

A' I

to

2T
4 -t

10
I L

14
I #

r
1 I-T

44 0 if 1 1 400 aw

-E - YARDS WS RAW L- .a 1200

tT .T

4-

44 2000

DRLH 37-1-59

BALUj-flC AND ENIUNEEINC DATA

II
J.ERIAvitryRNG UV

fill

_6__

AL&J..4

200100

*0

20

1600:

0O

TERMINt

FOR SHOT. AM. 37-MM, M59

BRH 37-1-59 8-9

8. Firing table data. Automatic Gun M9 (Aircrtlt). FT 3"AC-BC-L. Twist of rifling: 1/39. h.-tz Ale velocIty: 2800Mfps. ,CM Items 20955 and 21241 In the Automatic Gun W9.

ret.ommeaded ard approved authoriza:ion for using the AP.C Shot M5

a. Ballistic coefficient. The firing table was computed with a ballistic coefficiLen of unity with respect to the modified Space and Time functions: S' -20.7 r T - 11.25 i. - 1),

where TR and I6 are the Time and inclination fmctions based on GA. This is equivalent to takin-g the ballistic cefficient relative to Projectile Type 8 Inversely proportional to the velocity. b. Trajectory data. The firing table gives trajectory data for firing forward from an airplane. Data for all-around fire are not required at present.

SECTWI#

EFFECT DATA

Penetratlon .......-

.............-......----------------

9. Panetration. The follc'ng graphs, showing the penetratfon of armor pLate by the 37-mm A'C Shot M59, were taken from Volume
LU

ef "Terminal Ballistic Data".

9I

1[

- =r

'

---

- '

"

-r

--

. ..

.,

RL

37.1-59

5Sf 'lC

AND LNGI

MRIN DATA

I m7~~'
~Iii1~i~tL~

nPCWETAMN -xin

nnrrv

rjq*j&

HOOGE'E(JSARMOR PLATE
_

1i~ttfrt~r.NAVY CRTERON

44 Mlill_

II [::
-Gap

+:
vILOCIY

jw I pp 1

IIT
1000

'E
2WO 5w

P
-000 350

FOR SHOT, APC, 37 MK M59

BRLH 37.1-59 9

4P4-

PENETRATION VELDGITY MWES FACE HARDENED ARMCR PLATE NAVY CRITERION

IT
4

44

-;,-T t
;-4

+ 3.5

-14

if

-44-1

I+
+1

1t4
4 t-T-t-

17
+:RF ANGLE OF INCIDENM
-4,

4i
if I
t-

3.0-ij

f 20*
T I

IoF

T; ip 2.0 0, I1 V V
T Y

Iy I A

I +

do

+ I 4-

-41

v I

1.5

oo

4
4t' I t
-44 1

.44
4Tv -

A_
L

_T
if

-H
J-

4= +4=i 4
F.

t 1

f___
-1 4

-- 4L
T

_4

T4
0 1000 4-

T
1500 2000

VELOCITY-F Ps
2500 300100

Mrv 44-4- n 14 4"_?4-13500

K1H3718
IHandbook
Ballistic Research Laboratories Ballistic Research Lab.

of Ballistice and
DAA

Aberdeen Prvig Ground,

Maryland. RM37I8

Encilneering Data for Ammunition,

I----------------------BALLISETI ND

1NEGDT

ag

~ati~n rgardbg he s

,Tap ynamics,

ballistic aetas of--th 3

8mrpecn

htM0

hc

Purposgtab en te~a .

mapsohsnualsbertan

to tis

amn

is

ofrihacniecletiono

nfr

Intznrgr~gtes-pcnmcblitc ndefct fte3-mAmrpecn htM0 hc

fiigtbeadtcnclmnasprann

oti

m uiin

cotisasl dsryn rcrcmoiin hsifr aini olce rmtedaigrprs

I
L

IeRu-I I I

371-SO

BAIIJflC AND ENGINEERING DATA

I
E

I I I

V
I

.- \

I
_

to S
I

cc

XI

I S

20

01C

I 1-

x~i
''~

Ni N;
N
0

I-

it.

______

4-

nr-

FOR SHOT. AR 37-M?4 MW

amJi 37.1-80 2-5

SECTION II DESCRIPTION
Paragraph D rawing -.. . .-. .. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. . . .-. .-. .-. .2

Dim ensions

-. - . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . ..-. .. ..
..........-...----------------

3
4

Physical characteristics .....2. Drawing.

Shot: Metal parts assembly and details 3. Dimensions. Band: Distance from base Width Cylindrical part of body: Length Cgive: Length Radius of arc

75-2-310

0.40 cal 0.50 cal 1.80 cal 1.09 cal 1.61 cal 2.89 cal

Shot: Length

4. Physical characteristics.
Weight (standard) Base to center of gravity Axial moment of inertia Transverse moment of inertia 1.66 lb 1,268 cal 2 0.4150 lb.In 1.963 ibn 2

SECTION III INTERIOR BALLISTIC DATA Paragraph Theoretical yaw in bore .....S. Theoretical yaw in bore. Minimum Maximum 13 min 22 mir. ..........-...---------------5

"I

I
3i

BRLH 37.1-80

BALUSTIC AND ENCINTERNG DATA

4-.

iL

TM

+1

DRAG COEFFICIENT VS MACH " SHOT, AP1, 37-MM., MSO I 17if if ! V Kgb KD 0.48649V + 295.5 4-f J-1 V z 1112OL27 M (F till
:14

BER

W_
Jr

:Lp I
T

i JI

-i-

11 1 4
T t-

TT

14 AL_

__j

_4A

_TYL

-F

- q

.to

4L

fill

r
T ++

IL I

Iit
41

-4

-4-

-T4Z

1t

.08
T +

-14

-H

t
l =

Ls

2-4

FOR SHOT. AR 37.MK M80

BRLH 3? -80

6-7 SECTION WL
EXTEpIOR BALLIIC DATA
Aerodynam ic data -.- . . . ..- . .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. . ..-. Firing table data: Automatic Guns M4 and -.---.---------

Paragraph
.-.-.-.

Firing table data: Automatic Gun M9 6. Aerodynamic data

...---.----------------irt.gs

The drag coefficient plotted on page 4 was determined from res~stanoe 3hots".

of the AP Shot l480 with Tracer at Mach numbers from i.1 to 2.5. The other data listed telym were tacen

from Ballistic Research Laboratory Report No. 438, 'Yaw and Drift of T7 -mm Armor-piercing

Velocity (fps)
Drag coefficient

u
KD

1650
0.259

33 50
0.228

Cross Wind Force coefficient

Normal Force coeffizient

v .. h (cal) Kv
k /K R/, K

0.!85 0.416 2.49 0.513 0.497 .3-7-8

.
U4.37
8

z ase to Center of Pressure C-verturning iMoment coefficient at

_oIfC.n o coefficients

Drff, lfunztion

K' K% K
/n1 s

x 2.53 -. 25

Yawini ::aur

Moment co.efficient Moment coefficient Ni

Twict of Rifling
Otacility factor

9.s

6.785

7. Firing table data: Automatic Guns M4 and MI0 (Aircraft). .= - . -I. T".wist of rifling: 1/25. Muzzle velbclty: I75 fps The MID G 3=un is a mod-.iici -f the L.4 Sr, ,-ith a M-shntegratlng oeli feed. 0IM items 17489 and 1582 rec,;mrendeI and Rppr:;eC

stand a r d i ati.n :.f te AP Shot 1480 i P1he Automatic Gun M4 with a muzzle ve lit

y C .5 Z B.A and 21239 recommended and approved tncreasIng ,the standard muzzle velxitv fr.m

p. -

I
~1

I]

HRLH 37.1-W)

BALLISTIC AND ENGINEERING DATA

a. Form factor. The form factor of the AP Shot M80 relative to its own drag function is
The drag coefficient curve is shown on page 4. b. Ballistic coefficient. C

1 = 1.0.

- 0.782

c. Stability factor (normal).

d. Damping coefficients.

s - 6.785
c, - 0.001,577,4 ft " I

d" - 0.000,087,0 ft " !

e. Windage Jump coefficient. f. Yaw-drag coefficient. b A 20,200 mil. fps KDd 16.4 rad -

g. Trajectory data. The firing table gives time of flight and vertical and lateral aeflectins with the arguments true air speed, zenith angle (800 to 2400 mils), azimuth f5600, 5000,", future range for horizontal flight in air of standard surface density. 8. Firing table data: Automatic Gun M9 (Aircraft). 400 and 80) mils, and

FT 3VAC-AW-!, FT 37AC-BD-1, and FT 37A-BE4-. Twist of rifling: 1130. Muzzle velocity: 2950 fps. OCM items 20955 and 21241 recommended and approved authorlzation f:r lZu the APZ ht
Ln the Automattc Gun M9 with a standard muzzle velocity of 3050 fps. a- Form factor. The form factor of the AP Shot MSo relative to Its own drag f-xction is i 1.93 The drag coefficient curve is shown on page 4. b. Ballistic coefficient., c. Stability factor (normal) d. Damping coefficients. C .732

s 1; 6.785
C' - 0.001,577,4 ft'

e. Windage jump coefficient. f. Yaw-drag coefficient. K

28,000 m. = = 16.4 ra1

"2

fps

g. Trajectory data. (M/ FT 3A--AW-*l vIves time of flight. elevation. and lateral deflt. On with the
aensitv ratio, true air speed, and fu'ure range for norizzntal flight, zero azi-,uth, and iMpat

air the t n r:-

zontal plane thru the line of fight.

FOR SHOT. AR 37-M14 M0

BRLH 37.1,80 8.9

(2) FT 37AC-BD-l gives time of flight and vertical and lateral deflections vith the arguments
true air speed, zenith angle (800 to 2400 mals), azimuth (5600, 60., 0, 490 and 800 mils), and future range for horizontal flight in air of standard surface density. (3) FT 37AC-BE-1 gives time of flight and vertica- deflection ui:fl the arguments true air speed, dive angle (0, 230 and 40 mils), and present range for firing forward from an airplane in air of standard surface density.

SECTON V
EFFECT DATA
Pararaph

Penetration 9. Penetration.

9------------------------

a. Ballistic limits.
Thickness inches 075 0.75 0.00 .0 Homogeneous Plate Brinnell Obliqulty deg number 317 358 327 369 0 0 0 0 Ballistc Limit fps Type Navy Navy Navy Navy 1159 1093 1288 1251 Number in Average 4 3 6 1

I.30

401

Naly

1203

BRLH 37.!-80

BAJliSTIC AND MOCNEERING DATA

.',b.

PENETRATION -VELOGITY CURVES

*,.L.2......
_

b~-1-

HOMOG ENEOUS ARMOR PLATE

-44
I~h~t ~

ANGLE OF

INCIDENCE

...

..

-I

-p

II t
l r

T-.....
I--.

40.::;:
I-

[FOR

SHO'T. AP. 37.MM. WO

BRLH 37.1-80
9

C.PEETRATION-VELOCITY CURVES
L~~.
.

__
.-

FACE HARDENED ARMOR PLATE NAVY CRITERMON. ~

, ..

K~.~7:

FROM VOL.ME OF "TERMINAL BALLISTIC DA t'... ... ANGLE OF INCIDENC

. .... ....
74 ..-....

I
.. . . -

NO.
Z...

'VT~--

3.5.

Lz~
4

.20

-0-.

I .OV~~

no

0.0

. ..
I1.

. ..

. .

.
I

80

1200

60

2000)

2400

2800

3200

30

8RL

40-1.2

Ballistic Research Laboratories Handbook of Ballistic and Engineering Data for Ammunition, No. 40-1-2 BALLISTIC AND ENGINEERING DATA for Shell, HE. 40-mm, Mark 2 with Tracer, SD, Mark 11, Mark 11 Mod 2, M3 or M3A1 and Fuze, PD, Mark 27 or M71 Section [ II Ili IV V General --------------------Description ----------------interior ballIstic data -------Exterior belistic data ------wect data ----------------SECTIONI I GENERAL Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paragraphs 1 2 -4 5 - 6 7 -8 9

Ballistic Research Lab. Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland. 1 March 1949

Paragraph

1. Purpose. The purpose of this n~uber of the handbook is to furnish a conci-se collection of information regardtng the shape, dynamics and ballistics of the 40-mnm High Explosive Shell Mark 2 w-h Shell des.traying Tracer 'Mark 1!, Mark 111 M1.1cd'ffcation 2, M.3 O r 143.A! and Point Detonatiing Futze Mark 27 or 1471. Tints ircrmation is collected from thea.rawings, reports and !Lring tables pertainig to this.an-anuniti.on.

rh4*.
Ix M

BALLISTIC AND ENCINEMJNCZ DATA

IN
U..1 I~ Oj

US

ii14

FOR SN-LL H. 40.MM.

ALKR 2

B"R-I 40G.1-2
2-4

SECTON DESCRIPTION Pa
Drawings . . . . . . .. .

ph 3 4

Dim ensio.s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Physical chaa acteristics -......................

..-

2. Drawnbp.
Shell: Metal parts asserbly and .:taUs Tracer, SD, Mark 11 (Navy BuOrd) Tracer, SD, Mark 11 Mod 2 (Navy B1aCrd) Tracer, SD, M3 or M3AI Fuze, Detonating, Mark 27: General -rrangement and details (Navy BuOrd) -Fuze, PD, M"I: Assembly Cartridge. HE-T (SD, Mkc 11), Mark 2: Assembly and marking diagram 3. Dimewsos. Boattail: Angle Band: I75-2-n" 6 34,440 423,429 75-17-7 3-00,423 73-2-201 75-1-1L88

Leidn

057 Cal1
0.50 Cal 1.07 cal
0. 40 Cal

800y,

Distance from boattaUi

Distance from base

Widt.h

Cylindrical body: Length Head: I racer: FuzP: Lerth: Angle L~h e'0.89 CqtsIde lenglh COside length cheil Shell and fuze She!l. tracer and fuze Head and -uze

2.00 cal 7301 cal 0.35 cal 1.20 cal ).26 cal 4.48 cal 4.81 cal 1.89 cal

4. Physical chrracteristcs. .andard weight: 1.905 lb. The tolo1itng data pertain to inert3ade4 shell wi-Iwooden tracer plug and D-rm y Fuze T34, Weigh: _-zse to center o! gravity A ial momen .. ! Inertia ransverse mcment of Inertia 1.8285 .566 0.628 4.955 lb cal ' t. III lb. in"

1'

BR-IM 40-1-2

ILALLUS!IC AND LNUN~G :)A'-*

SECTION

+46

J/
LONGTUII-NI/

+461

FOR SHF.LL HE 40.MM ,AK 2 ,

ORL

40.12 5.7

S3CTIOK M INTERIOR BALLST= DATA

_paragah
Stresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . Theoretical yaw in bore ......... ......5 .-.---------------- 6

5, Stresses. The following table and the graphical representation on page 4 show the longitudinal, radial and tangential stress at the front end of the band seat. Gun, /,utomrttic, 40-mm Travel to maximum prerssure Twist of rifling at max P Cross-sectional area ot bore Rated maximum pressurg Total weight o!projectile Muzzle velocity Density of filler (TNT) Resultant stress: Longitudinal Radial Tangential 3. Theoreftcal Mir-unrVi ' r. 20 min M1 and 8.8 1/42.4 2.0323 40,000 1.985 2,870 0.057 58,900 1,900 46,900 M2 in. sq in. psi lb fps lb per cu in. "psi (compression) psi (tension) psi (tension)

Maximum
BECTIC" IV

26 min

EXT;"-IOR BALLISTIC DATA

Aercjy v-mic data -----------Firng tz..ble data

'.

--------- -----------.-.-

---..

7
8

.---.------.---.-.--

Aerodynamic data.

(1) Tre-o .flh Tuze i.,64Al k

firing;.

40-mm HE Shell MI.rk 2. Veiocity Drag Form Drag

Tracer M3 13P6 II l

-s -867

Fun,'ion
Gr G5

Factor
.952 .927

Coe(.
.128 .124

ri

IPILH&1-2BAL~flC

AN

ENaWN

DATA

(2) DRAG COEFFICIENT VS MACH NLIM8ER RESISTANCE FIRINGS SIIELL,HE,40MM, MARK 2

0.5~

15

.02

10

fi

FOR SHELL HE. 40.5dM MARK 2

U3J4H 40-1.2

b. ftbilty. Ballistic Research Laboratory Report No. 252, "Stability of 40-mm Shell Mark UTIWL", gives aerody.z'mic data for inert-loaded shell with Dummy Fuze T34. A wooden plug was inserted in the tracer cavity, but it came out when the shell was fired. The stability firings were done with a Bofors Gun containing a tube that was rifled with a final twist of 1/30.

Vebo>,Ity
12D0
2890

Mach
No.

Stability
Factor

Moment
Coefficient

1.042
2.514

1.23
1.48

1.85
1.54

S. riring table "ta. FT 40AA-A -3.

Guns, Automatic, 40-mm, MI anid Dual, Automatic, 40-mm, UL. Twist of rifing: Increaseng, 1/45 to 1/30. MV: 2800 fps (the MV for a new pun is 2870 fps). Weight of Shell with Tracer and Fuze: 1.985 lb. 0CM items 17176 and 17250 recommendc and approved the tadritinof the Quick Firi* High Explosive Shell Mark 2 with Tracer anid Delay Aetton Percussion Fuze No. 251 Mark 1. 0CM items 20391 and 2D72-9 recommended and approved the reelasetffcatoi of the Detonating Fuse Mark 27 from substitute standard to standard and the adoption of the Point Detonating Fuze M71 as alternate standard. The Shell-destroying Tracers Mark V7 and Mark 27 Mod 2 are standard; the Miell-destroyIng Tracers No3 and M3A1 are alternate standard.

E I

a. Form far
1C

and bmat~ coscecitat (Projectile Type 5). At all elevations:

0.947 0.845

b. Trajectoy data. Part I of the firing tables contains trajectory data for antiaircraft fire;
Part It, differential effects; and the Appendix, trajectory and time curves. Maximum horizontal range 10,850 yd Maium ordinate 7,825 Id

SALLNM AND EWANEERM DATA

fill Il l If w l ilt [Ili lilt lilt t l i l I I I I I i l l f t l i l II t I li lt-

-ELEVATM -RANGE CURVE Wo 29M FPS 11 11 1 11l 1 11 illl I if 111 1 11 ti ll i l I I II lt l I f i fl Il Ifl I I I f II I II I II I I l l i t I I I I A II fill II If L I L, f ti l l - [ I i t I -1 I f 1 I1 f 1
I I

fill I* fill

1 4Y4-::--

-FEE
H
IF I

I I All fill ILII 1Ir I

44
A I I

If If
f1 4+ E:

It I
4at

fit I fill L ill lil t I till

+.A VT

00

if I

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

FOR SHELL HE 40-hft MARK 2

BRLH 40 1.2

tt
t noo

FIT

+4 1 4, d.TERMINAL VELOCITY RANGE AND;.-i-,,- , 1 TO&OF FUGHT - RANGE CUWES MV* 2800 FPS

ri

+1

4 j -1

14,

moo

-T-Tr"11 r!

I-

It

4j
tio(o)

14
T,

FF
'41

4
Xlow I t I oo

1600

H 1114-H
14
-4-t!

-4 4
Awo-4 i

1200
4

4 L

t
- t-,
t

t-11-4-t--;-A -- 44-

IH
1;

-441000-

-4-

-f

4-

4 4M 44

4-4 4+-4--+-

Boo[

P.A)M1000 t 2000 I 'TT-M T t-1 T-1

4 #j-

3000

4000

swo

6000

T3

tLE

SKIM 40.1.2

DM..I=

APO ENUI

DATA

8U3Mt'ON V
ZFl T DATA

Fragmentation - 9. Fzameatatlo,
No Iragmentation tests of the 40-mm Shell Mark 2 with its standard loading

of TN. have been conducted here, but Picatinny Arsenal has detonated five Shell Mark 2 loaded with Ednatol

(50 to S0D% ethylenedinttramlne and 50 to 40% trinltrotoluef-I in a sand pit, and recovered the fragments
(Test Record No. 134-8). The averaga weight of the loaded saell was 1.795 lb; of the empty shell, 1.815 lb. The follwlng table shows the average number and weight of the fragments in each of four groups. Weight Zone grans Number of Fragments 197 14 13 Weight of Fragments Ib Percent of Empty Shell Recovered

0 - 75 75- 150 150 - 750

0.80
0.23 0.45

760 -25
Total

1
226

0.24
1.53 94.7

10

NR

40-141

Ballistc Research Laboratories Eanio& of Ball1stic and EngwerlnM Data fc: Amznuition, No. 40-1-81

Ballistic Research Lab. Aberdeen Proving Ground,

Mry.d

2 March 1949

BALLISTIC AND ENGINEERING DATA for Shot, AP, 40-mm, M81 or M81A1
with Tracer

Section I 1I tMl TV V General - - - - - - - - - ------------ 2-4 Description Interior ballistic data Exterior ballistic data
- - -

5 3-7

Effect data----------SECTION I RAL GON3

Purpose - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1. prupose. The purpose of this number of the handbook is to furnish a concize collection of information regarding the shape, dynamics, ballistics and effects of the 40-m Armor-piercing Shot M81 or M81AI with Tracer. This information is collected from the drawings, reports, firing tables, and technical

manuals pertaining to this ammunition.

rp

-~

M114 40. 141

RALUSflC AND ENCINURINQ DATA

I
F

p 1
5

1
0

a:
0

U,

p
2

___

FOR SHOT. AP 40.K NIAi

GLH 40-141 2-5

Drawr

.....

2
3 4

Dimensions .............................Physical characteristics ....................... Drawinp. Shot: Metal parts assembly

Details Tracer

75-2-311
75-2-312 75-14-333

3. Dnsaa
Band: Distance from base Width Body:. Cylindrical lenth Windshield: Length Radius of ogival arc 0.507 Cal 0.400 cal 1.575 cal 2.330 cal 5.930 cal

Shot: Total leWh 4. Physical cwMfrTer kc.

3.0 cal

Weight (standard) Base to centerof of inertiaMr~viyAalmoment Transverse moment of 'Lnertta*

1.21 cal lb. in2 . 0.674 2-64 lb. in2

1.96

lb

Estimated on the basis of mesurements of the 37-m Armor-piercing Capped Shop M51.

WITERIOR BALLIST= DATA

Theoretical yaw in bore ..-------------------5. Theoretical yaw in bore. Minimum 2r min

Maxmum

32 min

r-3

-nM

r.

..

...

IRL14 40141 6-7

SIt

ANDA SNEWING DATA EW

MICIVD KZIMOER SflJ DATA

Aerodynaminc data ------ - - - - - - -Firt table data at

- - - - - --

--

a. Drag. With the G8 drag function, the balisticoefficent was determined from the time of flight at 800, 1000 and 1500 y)00 yards range. The extrapolated value at zero range is 0.615 (see par. 7k). The corresponding form factor, relative to Projectile Type 6, is 1.285. Hence, the drag coefficient is 0.142 at the standard muzzle velocity of 2870 fps. These data were obtained with the AP Shot M81, but are applicable to the AP Shot MUA1, since its contour is only slightly different. b. Stabift. No stability firings have been done with the 40-mm AP Shot M81 or M81AI. The

stability factor, estimated from that of the 37-mm Armor-piercing Capped Shot M51 (given in Ballistic Research Laboratory Report No. 225, Ntablity of 37-mm HE Shell M63, AP Shot M51, and Proof Projectile MS") at velocities of 1350 and 270 fps, for a twist of rfingof one turn in 30 calibers, Is 2.58.

1. Fing table data.

FT 40AA-A-3.

Ons, Automatic, 40-mm, M1 and Dual, Automatic, 40-mm, M2. Twist of rifling: Increasing, 1/45 to 1/30. MV: 200 fps (the MV for a new gun is 2870 fps). Weight of Shot with Tracer: 1,96 lb. OCM items 17876 and 17750 recommended and approved standardization of the Armor-piercing Shot M81. The M81 Shot is now classified as limited standard, and the MBIA1 standard.

FOR~ 940T. AP. 4W

MBIA!

BA7404

.47
-.
;

.i
I~~ t t.IH11

HI

II--t

__

C'J

aai 40.143 7

RAIJrfl

AND ENGDNERIN

DATA

til I

jjj

If

~t~~

199

FOR SHOT. AP. 40-MNL MIAI

DRLH 40-141

1 t-4 4
-47

wF

-4- 1t-41

~~

BALUNM AND EWC*NEEWNC DATA

H-- I____4_Ft
III I 1 f-, t

I I

I_______

+-

fra
IC
r 1

FOR SH.CT, AR 40.MM. MAI

BRLH $ 4-i.81

SECTION V EFFECT DA'A Paragraph Penetration . . . . .. ... 8. Penetration.

a. Ballistic limits.

. . . ..-.--------------..-. .- ..

Plate Thickness: 1.5 in. 20 0 Obliquity: Face-hardened Florogeneous: Brinnel No. 269

Ba'.-* ttz Limit fps Army Navy 2004 1972

Number in Aver--e 4 39

Army

2088

12

BRIM 40.

1~

BALUS1C AND ENGINEERING DATA

40

-r-

'-

T7

:i44

4-_

.. .. ..

4 4-4---

wI

4491

FOR SHOT. AP'.

4(i.MIK MAI

BRLP- 40-.18

2p4r

-~-

-4

-4,--

4T~4

t-

C-3--

t-.-t

~~1

-- T~~-NF

JX1.~

If

-,

BSR.H 57-1-3C6

Ballistic Research Laboratories Handbook of Ballistic and Engineering Data for Ammunition, No. 57-1-306 BALLISTIC AND ENGINEERING DATA for Shell, HE, 57-mm, M306 with Faxze, PD, M89 Section I iI Ill IV V General ------------.--.---Description - ---------Interior ballistic data -.- ---Exterior ballistic data ---.- Effect data------------SECTION I GENERAL Ra-agrabs 1 2 - 4 5 6- 7 8-9

Ballistic Research Lab. Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland. 2 March 1949

Paraah Purpose - -----------------------------1. Purpose. The purpose of this number of the handbook is to furnish
P

1 concise collection of iror-

mation regarding the shape, dynamics, ballistics and effects of th6 57-imm High Explosive Shell M306 with the Point Detonating Fuze M82. This in'orma. n is collected from the drawings, report-, firing tables, and firing records pertain ing to this ammunition.

ILH 57-1-W0 2

BALUiSTIC AND ENCJNEMRNC DATA

ii
020

10

FOR SHELL HL 57-MK4 M306

BRL-H 57-1-306 2.4

DESCRION 2 3 4

Drawings - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Dimensions - -----------------------------Physical characteristics - ----------------------2. DrawingS. Shell: Metal parts assembly and details Fuze: Assembly and details Details 3. Dimensions. Chamler: Angle Length Band: Distance frorn chamfer Distarwe from base
Width Cylindrical body: Length1.7 b

75-2-359 73-2-233 73-2-234 ard 235

0.055 cal 0.345 cal 0.40 cal

0.15 Cal a 0.545 cal 2.0 1 Cal 0.365 Cal

Ogie: Length
Radius of arc Fuze: Length. (Outside)

Length: Shell Shell and fuze Ogive and fuze 4. Physical characteristics.

2.01 cal 2.S3Scal 1.31 Cal

Weight (standard)
Base to center of gravity Axial moment of inertia Traverse moment of inertia *See 3RL- Memlo Reports 300 and 348D.
Weight (as tested)
*2.86

2.75 lbI
lb 1.237 -all, 2.18 lb. iLn 9.89 lb. In

BRL2H 57-1-306

BALUSTIC AND ENNEFING rATA

5.7

SECTION II ILTERIOR BALLIStiC DATA Paragra~h 5

Theoretical yaw in bore -

--------------------

5. Theoretrzal yaw in bore. Minimum Maximum SECTION IV 11 min 18 mi

..--.----------------- 6 ...-. ..... ......data ......Aerodynamic 7 ...........-..------------------Firing table data 6. Aerodynamic data. a. Drag. Drag function Form factor (from time o. flight) Muzzle Velocity (fps): Drag coefficient, KD G, 0.b6 978 0.!05

EXTERIOR BALLISTIC DATA

Paragraph

1200 0.191

Mean

b Stbility. These data were obtained with the experimental Shell T22 with a PD Fuze; i% physical charactezistics are given in paragraph 4 (see Ballistic Research Laboratory Memorandum Reczrts No. 300 and 348D). Muzzle velocity Twist of riflirg Siabi ity factor (standard) Moment coefficient, K 1176 fps 1/30 1.62 .31

7, Firing table data. FT 57-E-1. Rifle, 57-mm, MI8 Twist of rflIng: 1/30. Muzzle velocity: 1200 lfps. 0M tems Z443 and 28073 recommended and approved standardization ci the HE Shell M306.

fOR SHUL HE 57.MK M306

BRUi 57.1-306 7

tuFORM FACTOR - ELEVATION J TYPE I

IT

7 1-tl . -144!!rr-

-4=71

T t

T 114

il

14+
t

+44

0.
+T

t
T-t

ELEVATION-MLS.
0.9 4

P-00
T-- T

:100

P1:P:T:1 600

4-

IT,

-17

LBAWSTIC COEFFICIENT-ELVATION CURVE PROJ TYPE 1)

-- 44-

4- -

.55

ELEVAMN W
WD Boo

t T-A

B~LH

5.1.306BAWSTK

AND EN-4NEEXiNG DATA

..

~~it

H-

4-MO

itt itttt'I

'~~~~thZ~w 4000T-1T

zut:

L~.__oil

FOR SHELL. HE 57-MK& W.06

BRLH 57.1-306

pLEMNLVLCT

AG N

4oQ~t r41
.. x I fill T1 P-1 4 -FOF.-LAN.

-4114

o00

'000

ZOG 140

4005c

ERMPAL

fRLftJ

57A.306

BALUflC AND ENGINEERING DATA

-#&

DRIFT -

RANGE CUW

4- 1-4-i-I T

.- 4

41+!444-1t-

40
11144-4l

14

-4

*~

I' I

-I--i-j----L

t-4_
__

t--

i
-I-jA...

20

rrv-r~
-'

-+~--,*717

to .1

~wr!t

o00

2000

!'000

4000

!500))
I -T

DELECION O! MP LAERA FFET

FORt SHEU- 14L 57.MM. M306

RH5-30

-rH

9.0OMPLEMENTARY

ANGLE OFSVWE

-Zf "

(AVG~ FORt I Mi-wL ANGLE OFSITE) TT

I,=a

TI,,

[L+T
I
277

4~4
--

.j..... .
1 b
41 1

-- e~------

022biH~~~~ii~jH1TT1
I

4Zj

zL4-

w ~~-4--~:24
.-

i-.-!;see-

--

4j

ti

A00

20

0
4j

00

50

::T

;J

4I

MWLH 57.1-306 7

BALliTI

AND ENCJNEERIC DATA

P4R.''

(1200 FPS ISSTNARD)

-4

0~-~0 100

TF_ I-S-4

~~

:00T00

~~~.

~-

I-

>.

Jt4mEzAt

-.

-*

__ _ __ _

~~-1-

I4-1

-v'
flirt7

"tsiO 3000

40

-C

..

li

i--*

x JziT.

+++I

. .. .

FOR SMELL HE 57-M.

M306o

BRL'4 57-1-3% 7

j.RANGE EFFECT OF I MPH R

L---

*--

-----

-I--

,---

I-

,*,

-r

,
.

-.,.j

"

MS- t_-. r

-I -.--..----.. i....:..

-rt-------t.

r..4.

-.

.....-

trt
.-.-

ol2
-,

2,=
4J *

4000
. . ...,
.

-- - -

_-~~RNG'E oF

,P:_

-.--.

i i, "

--

... .. WW "i

_ ,,_.:.__ *No-As it, AnDEN

-OAS .... .. AE .. flY'"" EN

t--v

-. -t

-.

--

"--' -

. -r-

.RANGE

. E---FECT OF 1%

44.-

---

,..._,.

..

. .

.
-YARDS -AG!

.
-. 4

.- ..

..

'4

-".O

FOR SELL HE. 57.MM. M306

8RLU-4 57-.3c
7

W~~ThTT~h~ttt-U
,'I -*

J.RANGEEFEC

OFfIMH t--lND4tg
4

r-t-..,-

q ,+

-r rr":,

-t- . --

.-

--.

,,

+,_ _ , _ .. _ _ -.-4-_ 4
.-

T
..

+. ..

.' ".,

.4
. .

-'

i- .

.....

..

. --

-a---++

.
,---

.
,+,

-ti, --

I-.- - -

77
o
100 ~ 2000
"+

RAN-E- YARDS
3000 4000) _ 5000_~~ - ___

tzzzz-Ltr2,zm
-

iNCRKASE INAIR DUNSTY ~.-RANGE EFFECT-1 OF 1%

-u.

,_'
A-

I--4

..IS -IA.
.

----

_-4

+-

I..-

* .

-I *

- -v

n I

0M

ZI-

-4-..,

. , ..

. .

..

. . .4

_...

.-..

. ..

. .

--

00O

2u

r0-

5000

571306
8.9

BALUSC AND ENMINEERING DATA

SECTION V EFFECT DATA

Paragraph
Sand pit fragmentation .....N -A ffagmentation ...............-.-..---------------8 ..... ....- .---------------9

8. 8ad pit fragmentation. The data given in this paragraph were extracted from Firing Record P-38375. Five HE Shell T22 were placed in boxes and detonated statically by means of an electric blasting cap connected to the PD Fuze Tl19E1, Which was modified for this purpose. The fragments were separated from the sand by means of a magnet and grouped according to weight. The following table shows the average number and weight of the recovered fragments, Weight zone (grains) No. of ,ra Weight (lb) Percentage of Empty Shell

0 to 50 50 to 75 75 to 150
150 to 750

428 18 12
1

0.82 0.13 0.16

0.03

Total framents
Scrap Total fragments and scrap Empty shell Loaded shell

1.14
0.35 1.49 2.11 2.63

54
17 71 100

9. Panel fragmentation. The data given In this paragraph were extracted from Firing Record P-38069. The panels consisted of 1-inch dressed No. 3 pine boards 9 feet high, placed in two semi-circles with radii of 15 and 30 feet. Each of five HE Shell T22 was placed at the common center of the semi-circles, with Its axis in a horizontal plane that bisected the panels, and detonated statically by means of an electric blasting cap connected to the PD Fuze T119E1, which was modified for this purpose. Fragment velocities were obtained by means of screens placed 15 feet from the shell. The following table shows the average weight of shell, fragment velocity, and number of fragments that penetrated the panels. Weht of shell Fragment velocity: No, of fragments: 15-ft radius 30-ft radius Side spray Nose spray Perforations 146 67 2.68 lb 4259 fps 1332 fps Penetrations 471 19?

Total

ORLH 57.1.307

Ballistic Research Laboratories Handbook of Ballistic and Engineering Data for Ammunition, No. 57-1-307 BALLISTIC AND ENGINEERING DATA for Shell, HEAT, 57-mm, M307 with

Ballistic Research Lab. Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland. 3 March 1949

Fuze, P1, M90

Section I General - ---- - - --Paragrphs I

U
In[ rV V

Description --.-.-.---Interior ballIstic data- -.

- 4
5 6
-

Exterior ballistic uata - - Effect data----------

7
8

SECTION I GENERAL Purpose - -1------------------I

1. Purpose. The purpose of this, number of the handbook is to furnish a conct-e collection off information regarding the shape, dynamics, ballistics and effects of the 57r-mm High Explosive Antitank Shell
M307 with the Point Initiating Fuze M90. This information is colledted from the drawings, reports, and firing ,es pertaining to this ammunition.

71

WU~H 2

5.t~3O7BALL1STIC

AND ENGINEMRNG D)ATA

I-I
I .. -

rCL

I
4
N

1
: __ __________._________ ________

iJ

pa
- -i Drawings -.- -.. . . .--.. -.. - -. . . -. - -.. -. -. - . Dbensons - . --.. -. .... ............... Physical chaateristics ------------------------wings. 2.aDin -4 2 3

SDetails

a-hell: Metal parts asembly and details Fuze: Assembly Details

75-2-353 75-2-354 73-2-2-6 73-2-Z37 end 238

3. Dimemiamin
Closing -plug: :ength (outside) Shell body: Base to band Band width Base extension 'Chamfer ar~le Cylindrical length Threaded legt (under fuze) Total body length Fuze: Body length (outside) Cgive length Radius of ogival arc Total length Length: Shell (body and closing plug) hell and fuze 4. Physical characteristics. 0.10 0.40 0.15 0.07 100 ?.12 0.21 2.35 0.30 0.82 2.00 1.12 cal cal cal cal al cal

ca Cal cai cal

2.35 c&l 3.47 cal

Soell
Lot No. PA-E-T45-187 Dwg 75-2-353 Rev - Date
--

Weight
lb 2.71

CG to
Base cal 1.353 Inertia 2.20
-

lb. in Transerse 10.42

24 Oct 44

MG-i GR-2X

1 - 3 Mar45 2 - 6 May 45

2.70 2.75

1.269 (Standard)

2.006

9.756

5.*

,'

-...-

RIM 3?4407

DLLIST1 AND EC1NEERIKC, DATA

nZZLR

AUM= DATA

Theoretical yaw-in bore

S. Theor*a yaw in bore. Minimm Maximam 5.3 mztu 9.0 min

SECTI TV
EXTERIOR BALLIT
Aerodyaite ,data

DATA Pa. graph

6
-

Firng table data

S6.

Aeroym
a. D

data.

i The form factors relative to Projectile Type 1 that are tabulated here were determined

from observed times of flight. Shen Lot

Fl.i MG-1

Form Factor
I

Velocity fps
Muzzl-e 1200 Mean 956

Drag Coefficte&t
tat gue ,218 v@T)

0.982

GR-2X

1.05

100

10..

.233

b. Sta'iity. Ballistic Restrch Laborory Memorandum Report No. 346D and letter APG 474.1/165 give the stability factors and mo.,at coefflcieT; of two lots of shell whose interior dimensions wcre different (see par. 4 for t"etr phycc7'I caaxatertstics).

Mze
;c
--

Twixtn: of

y14

RD .Factor

St'ilzty

Moment

..

fps l200
1215

2" l/>.
130

" i20i
1.7,

Ccalftcient M
1.53 1.15

____f__ent

PA-E-T45-18 MG-i

4.

FOR SHiELL HEAT 57-MKMW

8"JO SlU

7~.130

7. ivf taibis W16a riT 62-

(ab.rW&Aed).

RUle, 57-mm, M18. Twist Pd rling: j30. )mzzle velocity: 120 fps. OCM items 27443 and 2073 recommended and approved stadardization of the HEAT S ell M30'.

a. Form favtor &YA ballUsU caflfien.

lative to Projectile Type 1 apply to al elevations. -1 CI 0.94 0.583

The following form factor and balListic coefficient re-

WIW

3.140?BALLLIrfl

AND ENGINEERINQ DATA

it

I+

!I

I tIt
I
t

Ii I

t20EL it

... ....

-M *

.HELL HEAT, 57-M.

P307

RP-'LH 57.1-307

EVFECT DATA

Penetration a. P*netration.

he average p;ntration o homcgeneous anzor .plate by 57-mm HEAT Shell M30

is 2.5 t-hes,

~I

BR11H 60449A

Ba IUxti: Research Laboratories

Ballistic Research Lab.

H&DbcxkLz of Ballisle and

Etgine .x Data fo Noc. 60-. -49 Ardmun.t on,
*sr-"

Aberdeen Prvrig Grond,

3 March 1949

BALLISTIC AND ENGINEERW3N DATA

Lfor
Shel, HE, 60-mm, *49A2 with Fuze, PID, M52A1 Section General - -]----------r. IrE Descriptio-n--------Exterior ballistic data ------22 4 5 - 6

GEMNERAL

P- mse-----------------------------------------1. Purp'ose. The l~zpose 01 this number 01 the harn.,ok is to far'nisi a conicise coa ecticn of. tn-ormation regarding the sbap. dymznrE:a s and ballistis c the 60-mm High Explost-e Shel 149A2 V.th the Point Detcn&na -F uze MBZ-7.: n-I s nfornation is cc2tcted irm the drawings, reports and firing t.a~les pertaining to thli ammunlticr.

Ij i3I

Pararns p

;7

IIetal
Faran-auill

[s~ml
2. Drawins.
rut: ssmbl ad etisie 75-2-225

3.Dieaos.
-O -~~.

paI-.
;mC70 03)t

a
0..%6
-m!

of assemy, oartste Fze nPgthc rw~erpzll~a

Lenzgt: Shell. anrd f In assrernhly 4. PhysialJcaratrs:Xan Wizt17rt isomandart Oetter irzgn-t

.nrznorse

3.03 Cal ue .s5. iY~

.tt X34

nsoxse moeflc inerit1a

BRIA

-47

uA;SMkND

a -----------Ae-rod-ynamic dim

---

FL-tig tabled=t

--

5.Aercdynanik data. &tz' eci Dragyoftins ciuenr er -- T'

b. Mlom=nt coefflcjents.
M14-,iF,, .r
g-vth =-v,zent

rtrN

Z2sicRsrz 2 a,

z:
-.

~
2

~
mutZraiz:nC
--

'n so vz-

-f

ev,

cZa$-We

-r.-

'_-p

:-J

-r=d

d' -'he.

-r yaw-c abctt

4 -. he nhiots TnrrpAMfrs 's l 225 1r at a ftuZZp 'relocctyd une aa v~cc:vd O~ fs&re sn ,.J "crA tp~~
..

-n

alp

i<t

44i
4-1 4--

+t

--

iw*;l.
I
4 Aj

j~:z:~.~

~-*i

f;.K;:~K
4-4-,C
_ _

~~T71

..

L ~

iL li.i

i~IliJ~: LL L ___

_-

7LH

I-

i:

it4-4*

BPLH 60.1-49 6

BAWLSU C AND ENCINEERING DATA

)
ta. FT 8C-A-3 and FT 60-A-4 (abridged). Mortar, 60-mm, M12 and M19. Smooth

6. Firing table

bore. Muzzle loaduig. Projectile weight: 2.96 1b. OCM items 14517 and 14617 recommended and approved standardizationof the HE Shell IA49 with the PD Fuze M49. OCMitem 15196 classifled the HE Shell M49A1

(steel uistead of cast iron)witb the PD Fuze M52 as standard for limited procurement. OCM items 16026 and 16122 recommended and approved standardization of the HE Shell M49A2. a. Form factors and ballistic coefficients. relative to Projectile Type 1 apply to all elevations. Charge No. 0 1 2 3 Muzzle Velocity fps 189 292 377 449 Form Factor r1 .62 .73 .78 .81 32,listic 2oefficient .850 .730 .680 .658 The following form factors and ballistic coefficients

518

.82

.650

)}

FOR SHELL. HF- WMK M49AZ

BRLH 60-1-49 6 0 0
00 I I r -T-FT 1 f ill

44-W I-1 -1;-4-T-M

1 71.r I
1-4 . X 4.,
I -1 L

441.4
4A

q-441Q

-+-

-i I . I,

fill
18

-1-4-. - - 4+-

-T

If Ii fil

.4-4 .r

1:9

1 I

1. III If

I M

fit

A-

t, 14
+

i-; t 1-

t
t It r f)3C1-NOj1VA3'13

.0

BRLH M -49 6

BALUSIC AND ENGINEERING DATA

ft4t
I

ft'

t
'L
* .. 4.

'if

77.;

T-

f4

1-

1"

4
1

-44

r~

U))
0 2

LL

II

BRLH 601-3 I

Ballistic Research Laborat-ries

Ballistic Pesearch Lab.

Handbook of Ballistic and

Engireering Data for Ammunition, No. 60-1-83 BALLISTIC AND ENGINEERING DATA

Aberdeen Proving Ground,

Maryland. 4 March 1949

for
Shell, Illuminating, 60-mm, M83AI

with
Fuze, Time, M65A!

Section
I General ---------1

tI II 1!

Description -.-......

2 - 4 5 - 6
7

Exterior ballistic data - Effect data - -- - - - ---

SECTION I GENERAL
Purpose .......-

....

....

...-

.-

.--------------------1

1. Purpose. The purpose of this number of the handbook is to furnis, a concise collection of information regarding the shape, dynamics, ballistics and effects of the 60-mm lluminatirg Shell M83A1 with the

This information is collected from the drawings, reports, firing table and firing records pertaining to this ammunition.

Time Fuze M65A.

S"M Wto

BALJJSTIC AND EWNEM

DATA

UU

FO

HILL ILLUMNATING, 60-?,4

M83AI

BRLH 601.183 2-4

ParaEraph

...... Drawings .......Dimensions --- -3-----------Physical characteristics .....---

--

.....-- --

2 .-.-------------------------4

...-.-.-------- - ---------

2. DrawUW~.
Shell: Body and loading assembly 75-14-350

Details Fins: Assembly and details

75-2-316 75-2-285

Fuze: Assembly 73-3-177 Details 73-3-178,179 and 180 75-1-143 Complete round: Assembly and marking diagram

3. Dimensions. Fins: Number

Length

8
0.80 cal

Length of assembly (outside)

Body: Rear cylindrical part

0.91 cal
0.7 cal

Total length

Conical palrt Front cylindrical part

4.25 cal
0.87 cal 5.18 cal 6.03 cal

1.1 Cal 2.95 cal

Fuze: Length (outside) Length: Body ard fin assembly Body, fin assembly, and fuze 4. Physical characteristics.
Weight (standard)

3.77 lb

3UUM.!3

AND

NEENW.1 DATA

SE'IICM M UTW K BALLUTJ DATA

eodynmcaa-----------------------------------A dea85 "eL(ziywmhc

Ftrig ta-le d------------------S. Aooyml MR --------6 -tiv;e to The bellistlte coefficient of a 3.7-1lb Illuminating Shell M L.

Projectile Type 1, determined at the lowest elevdon used in the range firings with each prtplltng charge,

ad the oorrespowYWC form factor ad dr

Muzzle Elevation

coeficient are tulated below. Ballistic Coefficient Form Factor "1 Drag Coefficient KD

315 377 43
L

60
50 45
okea &.

3
.32! .32e
a-t*,-d)

201
2.11 2.12

.177
.180 .176

FT a0-G-1

Mortar, 6}-mm, IG and IM.

Smooth bize. lMizle loading. Profectile weight: 3.70 lb. 0."M items the fl umJ,.' , Shell M83 (propelled by 4

18031 and 18110 recommaMded ad approved sta iedlzationf OCM Item 2018 desipaaed this pojecti crements of M pder. the Ulum

inrements of U.4 powder) with Time ?rae M85, which bmris for aout 15 usc. ittg Shell M63A1 when propelled by 4 inOCM Item 3159 reabaAftid thew projectiles as limited standard.

MR SHELL ILLUMNAMM 60.MK MAt

BRIA 60-143 6

If

a-FORM-FACTOR- ELEWOON CURVES I _L I If Piz, I

lil t I If 'T -

i TYPE I
+

+H
T4
fit till III

v:

CMME4:MV430FPS.

16: 1M- 1
Ill I II I

3 &W 377

_FTTj FTT I It fill

Till[ Ill.

41"

K.-

COM 2: MV315FPS I LrL+

++_1

as 50 45 ti llf III IIIii i 1 1111 I i fi ll I !Itit li I I I II to rf

65 so 11 1 111'. 1111 111 1 lilt I I!Ii fI I1 f l 'Il ll I I I I I I I I I if;.l 1;11 . If If I f : 1 I Ill I fill If

to 1 .-

4:- 11

111

1111144+

4. ... .
40

iet.Lusnc coummw- ELVATION CURVES (PROJ TYPE 1)

41
-1 1 1A

IL
fit
+ fit _c
__t__ 444

.14

..1, . i

ti

MT 4 -t-t-r 11 -3 . J-1-1, +p! _; - .. ELEVATIMA

I tj

4
Lfl

1
t -I

if .__ -

-i 1 1

, :
i

i
I I... t .1

H
70

50

55

60

Or.

BALWKfl MLr 604*

AND ENNERNC DATA

'i

d;

IT

4-

IfLI.,

+1F++i

2.

HCIZNTLRIG
0 10001,0 700 I I0

YADI

I~ I

f i t

ItI

Ii
if0

FOR SHELL. ILUWNAIING 60.MM ?483A!

BRLH- 60.1-83 6

IdHEIGHT

OF BUIRST- HORIZONTAL RANGE CURVES

T-

1-14'1hi

41J

II

j.-p.........

120UKR

E1

V43

177

Mt

-MW.3 7

SALIUS

AND EKXT-J.NG

ATA

TIM

rI

h7. U

EFFECT DATA

---Aftenr

---- -

----

--

--

7
.rried by a

about 15 scond-, the ftie reieases the candle, whtch is

pradwte. Tn the ftrflvC

te9ft of the Illumtnating Sell IM3A1, the candles burned from 25 to 31 second&

IL]

6]

SRU

i YO0i

~
No.

ResearchLaboratories ~~~allistic
Hpinibck of I~allistic and Eng' weriz-9 Data fo- Ammln-f, &M--3 2

~1s

~o eer "an.. ri %ee Ab RtardiyelP-%"gGrur i;4 '7

ALIICAND ENGRIEF-a-G DATA Shell~, Sm~oke MVp.8-n-,?302

Fuze, PD, 1482 Section Creneral-I-- -- -- -- -17.

Descriptivon -------Exterior baliistic data Effee. dzta--- -- -----

-4

Hl I IV

SEfLMON I GENERLAL

1.

Purpose. 7Me Prpose- Of this =mber of the barzdbOck ts tO fUrnish a cconcis" :ole

tc

n-

c;*nC-v -s' She:. f the T-mmr Smn~ke (TWh.te rnaton re-garding the srnape, dynaxics, baU,,- ics and eif et!_s -. MI'wL!ti~e Point Detonating Fuze M82-. -a-s W~rattOn ts co~ected from the .-awi gs, repcrts, an3
"I~gtab.Zs perainling to this a,-.1lunition.

MU-I

"1.302

3AJ!."j~jr AND

YtI NTNWU'-

DIATA

2.52

ww

InI

4c

FOR SHELL SMOKE (WP). 60-MM. M302

BRLHI 60.1.302 2-4

SECTION I DESCRITPTION Paragraph Drawings- -- --------Dimensions- -- --------Physical characteristics- -- ---2. Drawings. Shell: Metal parts assembly Fins: Assembly and details Fuze: Assembly Details Complete round: Assembly and marking diagram 3. Dimensions. Fins: Number Length Length of assembly A(outside) Shell: Ogivo-conical boattail Boattail to 'bourrelet Bourrelet Body Adapter Total length Fuze: Length (outside?) Length: Shell and fin assembly Shell, fin assembly, and fuze 4. Physical characteristics. Weight (standard) Weight without safety wire and propellant 3.98 lb 3.95 lb 8 0.80 cal 0.91 cal 0.98 1.09 0.42 2.49 0.25 2.74 cal cal cal cal ca) cal 75-2-360 75-2-285 73-1-195 73-1-163,196 etc. 75-1-218 -----------------------------------------------------2 3 4

1.00 Cal 3.65 cal 4.85 cal

ZA!60-1-33

B,

"TIC AND ENGNEEING DATA

5.6

SECTINIm EXTERIOR BALLISTIC DATA

Paragraph ... Aerodynamic data ......Flring table data .......-...

.... -.-----------------.-.
... --------------...-.--

5
6

5. Aerodynamic data. The following values of the drag coefficient were determined from the form factor given in paragraph 6a. Muzzle Velocit) Drag Coefficient

-fps 156
244 316 380 439

KD .086
.083 .079 .077 .075

6. Frtln table data. FT 60-F-i.

Mortar, 60-mm, M2 and M19. Smooth bore. Muzzle loading. Projectile weight: 3 98 lb. OCM items 2N23 and 26708 recommended and approved standardization of the 60-mm WP Smoke Shell PD Fuze M82. a. Form factor and baillatic coefflelent 302 with the

The following form factor and ballistic coefficient .irtve

to Projectile Type 1 apply to all elevations and muzzle velocities.

11
-

0.905
0.788

C.

44

FOR SHELL SMOKE V(WP). 60-MMK M302

BRU-I 60-1-302
6

~
i~-4
A~*i~

S...
...

..
.....

...
.............

1t 1
1~~~1.X

~vqt

.~J

4-i

4i
* ilt

d~l~

-NIV3_f

FOR SHELL SMOKE MTP), 60-MMK M302

BP.LH 60.1-302 6

~Ihr
Ti-4

;14-

-18

00.

J-j

_.1

BRi IM6-302

BALLISTI

AND ENGINEERING DATA

-42.z

-i--I

4-, 4
i-r

11+

F14 it

II

46

173

FOR SHELL SMOKE (WP)j 60-MM. ?302

BRLH 60.1.302

SECTION WV
EFFECT DATA

Paragraph White Phosphorus ......... .. .-. ..--.-----------------7

7. White Phosphorus. 'White Phosphorus (WP) is a pale yellow solid which burns to white smoke in

aLr. The smoke persists for 10 minutes and has the same odor as burning matches. The burning pieces adhere to the skin and clothing; they should be washed with copper sulfate solution or immersed in water. %VP is used to screen advancing troops, to start fires, and to harass enemy observers.

BRLH M1~I41

KEngineering

Ballistic Research Laboratories Handookof alliticRndAberdeen Data for Ammunition, No. 75-1-41 BALLISTIC AND ENGINEERING DATA for Shell, HE, 75-mm, M41A1 Fuzes, PD, M48A2, and TSQ, M54 Section I 11
III

Ballistic Research Lab. Proving Ground, Mvaryland. 7 March 1949

Paragraphs General -- -- -- -- ----Descript' n- -- -- -- --Interior ballistic data

- - -

1 2-4
5
-

VI

Exterior ballistic data -- SECTION!I GENERAL

7 -8

Purpose -- -- -- - --

- --

--

- - --

- --

--

- --

--

- - -----

1. Purpose. The purpose of this number of the handbook is to furnish a concise collection of information regarding the shape, dynamics and ballistics of the 75-mm High Ex~plosive Shell M41I with the Point Detonating Fuze M48A2 and the Time and Super-quick Fuze M454. This information is collected from the drawings, reports and firing tables pertaining to this ammun~tion.

BRL~i 75.1.41

BAWLSM1

AND ENOWNFN

DATA

I~c

?J

FOR SHELL HE, 75-?4. M41AI

BRLH 75.1A1 2.4

SECTION 1i DESCRIPTION

Paragraph
Draw ings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D im ensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...-...-...--------------.... Physical characteristics .....2. Drawings. Shell: Metal parts assembly, marking diagram 75-2-25 and details 73-2-112 Booster M20: Assembly 73-2-140 Fuze, PD, M48A2: Assembly 73-2-143, etc. Details 73-3-i54 Fuze, TS7, M54: Assembly 73-3-15, 157, 158, 159, 160 Details 3. Dimensions. Boattail: Angle Length Band: Distance from boattaU Distance from base Width Cylindrical body: Length Ogive: Length Radius of arc Fuze: Outside length Length: Shell Shell and Fuze Ogive and Fuze 4. Physical characteristics. Mesn weight: Zone 1 Zone 2 (standard) Zone 3 Axial moment of inertia (estimated) Transverse moment cf inertia (est.) 13.8 1b 13.9 lb 14.2 lb 0.118 lb. ff 1.09 b. ft 7*30' 0.486 cal 0.273 cal 0.759 cal 0.163 cal 1.712 cal 1.077 cal 6.194 cal 1.266 cal 3.281 cal 4.547 cal 2.343 cal 2 3 4

M93U75."t

BALLSTIC AND ENCLNWUNG DATA

SECTI ON'S
-707

+39

+34

+284

AXES OF RESULTANT STRESS

DIAGRAM

OF RESULTANT STRESSES

FOR SWL. HE 71.5A

M41A)

BRI.

75.1.41 5.6

5EC"r0OI IT!

MLTRIOR BALLISTM DATA

aragraph

Stresses

--------------------------------

Theoretical yaw in bore - ...................... 5. Stresses. 7he folloing table ad the graphical representation on page 4 show the longitudinal, radlai and tangentia stress at each of Ciree sections: (A) the rear corner of the band seat, (B) the front of the band seat, and (C) Immediately behind the bourrelet. Howitzer Twist of rifling Cross-sectional area of bore Rated maximum pressure Total weight of projecttle Muzzle velocity Density of filler (TNT) Resultant Stress' 75-m MI, MIA1, M' and M3 1/20 7.0043 sq in. 29,000 psi 13.90 lb 1,270 fps 0.057 lb per cu in. Section

T~TI%_5
LongitudInal
-

A
180

B
- 490

C
- 422

Radial Tanential
*

+ 405 - 707 -

+ 39 +342 denotes compression-

+ 47 +284

+ denotes tension,

6. 'Theoretical yaw i bore.

MInmum M a~xium

13.6 mir 18.? min

8RL4 7S141
7.8

BALLUSTC AND F.4NEERING DATA

SECTION IV EXTERIOR BALLISTIC DATA

Paragraph
Aerodynamic data ......... .. -.-----------------.-. ..7 Ftring table data- ......... .. -.-----------------.-. ..8 7. Aerodynamic data. The trajectories for the 75-mm Howitzers were based on the G. drag !undion,with balistic coefficients determined from range firings (see par. 8b). The extrapolated values of the ballistic coefficient at zero elevation and the corresponding form factors and drag coefficients are tabulated below. Muzzle Velocity fps 705 820 965 1270 Ballistic Coefficient 02 1.964 1.886 1.830 1.714 Form Factor 2 .81 .85 .87 .93 Drag Coefficient KD .057 .056 .059 .149

3. Firing tabe dta.

FT 75-1-4.

Howitzer, 75-mm, UIAI, M2 and M3. Twist off rtIlIW. 1/20. OCM items 15194 and 15278 recommended and approved reclas-Ifying the HE Shell M4lAI as substitute standard fer the Howitzers.

8)

FOR SHELL HE 75-W M41AI

BRLH 75-141

7-

-FORM FACTOR - ELEVATION CURVES (PROJ TYPE 2)

I TT

vt t f tT
I

4 1270 I lot P

01 T! -T +

Lor

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f I I

74

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+
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ELEVATIOri-VALS
AM 400 600 800

-FT 4 i 1000

I _._T

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NpJJ

75-41

lWJJ1fl

AND LW~aNEERMN

DATA

r- hS~ALUSTICG

FMEG - &EEVATION CURVES (PROJ TYPE 2)

f+

III

fit

04ZO

40

!I.

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0
40

8 J-0

1.0

844

FOP SHELL H4E. 75-M!4 MJIAI

Rj}

71L S

EM7% ANr-EC

_______

----

QIAGE W)XRPANGE'-YDS :z.

~GHA 2 rL' z~

a
254
A.~a3

4225

30 7020

>

100--_

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&UM

75-1-IlBALUS1C

AND ENGNEM~NIG DATA

I0

AGEO

FL

AG

fill____LI

fL__

_ -

Ill

8200

FOR SHELL. HE. 75-MM M41AI

BRLH 75.1-41

130
1100

elTERMINAL VELOCITY-RANGE CURVES IM

-4d

4-

T+

1100

4-

10001 Itz W-II

r #V,-

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600-71 I Ij

CHARGE MV -FPS 705 500L 0 RANGE

2000 4000 6000

YARDS'
Soov 10000

BRLW 75-141

BALUS'nC AND ENGINUANG DATA

-J

f.TIME 0 F FLIGHT RA NGE CURVE S -14+.-- 44-1.4-4 1.1-

!+

4 -r3 14+ r

40

ORA RGE Wi- F" 705-It r .4s Ii f ll

1 1, 11 i fit T f I I if I ILL I

30
ou U. 0 PO

T 4 00

it
tj

4
I t

10

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14V

f1i t

14 114

4f4-j-4,

01)

1t 2000

t -4 4000

.! , RANGE - YARDS T $000 9000

t
1 4

10000

FOR SHELL HE. 75.MMK M41I

BL475i4

MV-FPST 75- 8AN0

965..S

II L
I f i t

BR475 -41

BALLIMTC AND) ENWdNEMICN

DATA

I
_;

t
144

M41AI 'OR SHELL HE, 75-1141

BRLH 75-1-41 8

(AVERAGE FOR_+I MIL AN GLE OF SITE)

ELVAIN

ANGLE OF SIT E

COMPLEMENTARY ANOF SITE

CHRG

11

pf I HIHI

II

OPN

5-41BAUJS1I

AND ENCINEMJNG DATA

ItI

Io -M -2 -t-r
II I~

4-FPS~' ?0't'i2

181

FORSHEL.

E.75-MMK M41AI

RH714

MRANGE EFFECT OF IFPS INCREASE INJf

SMUZZLE
VELOCITY-T
qT

It

44

i.

_t-

4-~ RA-YADS1:!
0
200 400 600 000 00+

IT

rp

75.4

BALLMIC AND ENrINEEIN

DATA

EI TFTT-Fr

l NaW

IN

.L

(59OF IS STANDARD)
.14
41
t

--

i-H

-L4

I..I

IIt

181

FOR SHELL 14E. 75-MM. M,4IAI

BRLH 754.41

aJ

16~

4-4-

~ 7052-j~ +1-i ~ i-i0 200 000 $00

.11_14

~4-1270-

aoo

10+

fit

J
XUA 75-4-41

RAIUSTIC AND ENGINEERIM, DATA

-LU

ANGE EFFECT OF 1%INCREASE INAR DENSITY I 111-Z l i ft. (100% IS STANDA III f i t I II if 1 1 ti l l #
I-tr-

CHARGE I MV-FPS 705 loll

lfliiflr-L

x IN

I-A

-1:1-

2
I

loll

3 9 65 -H -i " - -1 4
t t T I IH-

Iiii IF r 1&4
4

fit

-444

m; 1 At 4: -41

-i T-

I 1114 1-14
-30 1- +

I-Vid 4j

4 127

H4-,T t

-V

4-1
H

J2000

.4

TZ. -7 771-.-M10000

RANCA YARDS
4M acw Bow

20

BR1.L 75.1 I

Ballistic Research Laboratories Handbook of Ballistic and Engineering Data for Ammnitlon, No. '!5-1-48 BALLISTIC AND ENGINEERING DATA
for

Ballistic Research Lab. Aberdeen Proving Ground, Mryland. 10 March 1949

Shell, HE, 75-mm, M48,and M48E2 with Fuzes, %?T, M43; PD, M48A2, M51A4 and M57; TS, M54 and M55A3; CP, M78; and VT, M97A1 and T73 Section I Ii M
IV

Paragraphs General - -1----------I Description - --------Interior ballistic data ---Exterior ballistic data

- - -

2 - 4 5 - 6 7 - 10 -14

EfIect data-- ---------SECTION I GENERAL

REarap Purpose - ------------------------1

1. Purpose. The purpose of this number of the handbook is to furnish a concise collection of inisrmauon regarding the shape, dynamics, baltstid s and effects of the ?5-mm High Explosive Shell M4e with the Mechan zal Time Fuze M43, the Point Detonating Fuzes M48A2, M51A4 and M57, the Time and Super-quick Fuzes M54 and M55A3, the Concrete Piercing Faze M'?8, and the Vaxiable Time Fuze M9?AI. It also includf some data regarding the experlanenta. High Exrlosive .ell M48E2 and Variable Time F.e T'?3. This inf:rmat,orn ,s coilected fzorn tne drawings, reports, firing taoies, and technical manuals pertaining tc this an-mtion

arm

M-4

RAJ.LS71C ANO ENGINFEXM

DATA

ALI DIMENSIONS IN CAUiBERS ICALz 2.53"

-9 -

2.45

SHELL, HE, 75-MM, M48 M4A2 FUZE,

4.69
.41292.08

IL I_
= . ... 3~.79

I
S --

,SHELL, HE,75-MM, M48 FUZE,OP MI

FOR SHELL mE71M1 MS

-LL75-1-02-3

Dim.ensions Physical cha-racteristics -----------------------2. Dra-wLnj. Shell MO.- Meta parts a-ssembly, marking diagram and details Booster MX: Assembly Booster M21A4: Assembly Fine, MT, M43: Assembly7-7 Fac. PD. M4SA2: Ass-embly Details Details Me. .15: Assebly and det-a~s Details MN4: Asse-mbly 73-2 -14(0 73-2-143, etc. u3-2-143, fltc. 713 -2p734-2-129 7-13- 154 73-3-158 7-73-2-1 2 73-2-154

3 4

a Fin2e,

m1q.

I57,

1w6 ise, 160

7..3 5

:Fue, TS.MSS6i: Assembly and deafr (The Booster M21.A4 and !he TOFine U5( azre ceiposents off the TSQ Fuse M&W2)1 ,CP, MW6: S&dy assembly.- and edetailIs

32".

Boalail: Angler CO.gt Q4Q9 Band. D-istance from beattat!ritct,-e from baseOJ
-n L2.

0.2c; i .3
n:hifla2a

uv Ulf.

ady f2

C-gwoe: Lengir:.ha
Pad'=s of arc
'~

Srteli; uritized: LenrC

urs

flI

M148-.4-

BALUSTC ANU ENC4NEFMRMN

DATA /

Fuze, C03, M'78: Cutstde length Radius of arc Shell and Fuze Ogive and Fuze

0.90 2.71 4.69 2.08

cal cal cal cZl

~t1charaetr'islics.
Faze Mean Weigh- (4 Zone
2
_(Standard%

Base to Center of
Gravity (cal) 2.043 2.03?

Moments of pertia (lb.ft )

V Transerse

MT PD TaQ

14.40 14.40 14.40

14.70 14.70 14."D

15.00 15.00 15.00

0.1260 0.1259

1.523 1,495

CP
VT

15.12
14.65

15.42
14.95

15.72
15.25

SECTION M ITURKR BALLWIC DATA

Paragraph

*Strewff -- -- -- -- -- -- - - -.heoredcal yaw In bore .....--5L 3w.fion. The following table

-f the band seat. Gun Twist of rifling Cross--ectioml area of bore

- - -- - -- -- - - ----- --------...-.-.--------

d the graphical representation on page 5 show the lonitudina,

radial and tangential stress at each of two sections: (A) the rear corner of the band so-at and (B) the front

75-ram, M1897Al 1/25.586 6.967 sq '.a,

Eateimaitmum pressure
Total. weight of projectile FIzzle velocity Dens 4- of filler Resultant Stress*

36,000
14.70 1,950 0.057 Section

psi
lb fps lb per cu in.

RU

-psi

A
- 203 +326 605

B
- 410 - 15 + 438

Longitudinal Radial Tangertial

+ deaotes tension,

- denotes compression.

T*a TL. MljM;aun MaMxum

yaw in be-e. 9 mI

13 mtn

N4

FOR S,,EI.L HE. 75-MM, M48

BRLH 75.!48 5

AB

-7

SECTIONS -605

+326

-203-4

-4108

/
- 436

--

45

LONGITUDINAL r.

AXES

OF RESULTANT STRESS

DIAGRAM OF RESULTANT STRESSES

N5

BIW.J-I 75.1..4,8 7

BALlISTI

AND ENUNEE.NG DATA

SECTION W EXTERIOR BALLISTIC DATA

Paragraph

Aerodynamic data Firing table data: FUring table data: Firing table data:

........... ...-. ..--.----------------- 7 Howitzers .....--. ..-.---------------8 Tank Guns ....--...-.-.--------------9 Aircraft Guns - ---- - - - - - - - -- -- --10

7. Aerodynamic data. a. Lou of spin. Ballistic Research Laboratory Memorandum Report No. 297, "Spin Imparted by 75-mm Gun Tl3E1", gives data obtained by means of a radio spin sonde from five inert M48 Shell with a dummy fuze that has the same contour as the PD Fuze M48A2, fired from 75-mm Guns T13E1 with special tubes that have a French form of rifling with a twist of 1/22. The average muzzle velocity was 2014 fps. Below are average data for times of flight from 1 to 18 seconds: Reynolds' number, based on the translational velocity and the caliber of the shell and the kinematic viscosity oi the air Axial couple coefficient, KA Skin friction drag coefficient, C9F

2.30x10 0.00587 0.00175

b. Stadlity. The "Report on Stability Firing with 75-mm T3 Shell Fitted with M39A2 PD and T12 Mechanical Time Fuze:e (Ordnance Program 4982, Technical Staff Test Program 1932-685) gives data on stability for the Shell M48 (T3) with the MT Fuze M43 (T12) at muzzle velocities of 905, 1113, 1479, and 2190 fps. The report on "Stability and Damping of 75-mm HE Shell M48 (Ballistic Research Laboratory Memorandum Report No. 203) gives data on stability for the Shell M48 with the MT Fuze M43A3 and the PD Fuze M48 at a muzzle velocity of about 1950 fps. The stability firings were done with the 75-mm Gun M1920 MVI No. 1, which was rifled with a twist of 1/25, and a modified Aircraft Gun M4 with a tWist of 1/22. The twist of rifling is 1/20 for the 75-mm Howitzers, 1/22 for the Aircraft Guns M5AI and M00, and 1/25.586 (corresponding to an aLgle of 7) for the Tank Guns M3, M6 and )17 and the Antiaircraft Guns Te and T2.

69

FOR SHELL H E. 75-MM. M48

H3RLH- 75-48 7

P14 )STABILITY FACTOR

MACH NUMBER PLcIIFZE

D 4

4+~

=7 -1
7UEMI4 nu F

BRLH ;5 1.48

BALLSTIC AND ENGINEERIN

DATA

II
DRAG~E75 NUMBER PLDT COFFCINT MACH -14

44

SHELLI H5-mM .. a; FUZE,CPD, 7PI

SEL;HEL, 75-MM M48;UE,TJ

fill

fil

1.5

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r-

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'E .
PIPTTP

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IfI1

FOR SHELL HE 75-MM. M48

BRL-i 75-.148 7,8

d. Damping. The damping of the M48 Shell was observed in connection with the stability firings at 1950 fps. The average values of the sum of the yawing moment damping factor f and the cross wind force damping factor
K

are tabulated below. f

+ K

Fuze MT, M43A3 PD M48 Both

Probable Error 0.49 1.08 0.77

2.82 5.00 3.76

8. Fiing table datax Howitzers. FT 75-1-4 with C5. Howitzers, 75-mm, M1A1, M2 and M3. Twist of rifling: 1/20. OCM items 15055 and 15132 recommended and approved standardization of the HE Shell M48 for use inthe Field Gun. OCM items 15194 and 15278 recommenaed and approved standardization of the HE Shell M48 for use in the Howitzer.

/9

i9

Y -

-.

' I-"

. .

. . ...

__ , I

. :.

. .. . ...

BALUSMIC AND MUNEEM.W.1 DATA

l i f t I If

1 . 11 .... ..

.. .... ...

f f

&FOW FACTOR- ELEVATION CURVES (PROJ TYPE 2) f I

I lilt if i lilt - [IT7__ L

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ew 400 SIMI T 800

1000

1200

14'"00

FOR SHEUL HE 75.MM.M4

BRLH- 75.-4*

220

ITmbBLITCCEOEN

L)nNCRE

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200

0 1

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BRU4 75.1-48

BALUSTIC AND ENMNEFAM DATA

if
TrT

e.ELEVATION- RANGE GuRVES I I if f I I I fill i f i I Ill 11 _ .TIT )III, Ifilit flit

J_

400 CHARGE 1 2 a 3 VV-FPS I70D 810 i--Ll Ati if,

4
1-1 FT

J CHARGE MAX RANGE 4195YDS if 5350YDS MOYDS 3 4 962DYDS

I 4H 4rr-

if II

1 0 I k

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1

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1
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if.

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zm Wim a"

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FOR SHELL HE. 75.lM?

M48

BRUI 75-1-48 8

120

____I

~~~

Tf

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BRW 75-146

MUM= AND E14MSMNG DATA

e.TERMINAL VELOCITY- RANGE CURVES - 111 ft f i I I #........ , 1

I

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_144 4 L4+
8000 10000

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14

FOR SPUL HE. 75.MK M46

BRLH 75-148

RANGE CURVES UIME OF FUGHT!fi t f i t If . ..... . ..... f i It l l i I f i H-1,

.. ...... .. ..

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6000 6000

0 0

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5~JJ4

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AND ONC1NEMEW, DATA

120

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FOR SHELL HF. 75. M N444

PLH 15-1-46

-iqwzzzT.:
I - '-

.++ --J-

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(AVERAGE MR!_ i MIL ANGLE OF SITE)

a. -a---;-.a--.-a
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+ +.= + + o .

BRU?75--48BPLLISTC

AND UNG[WNERANC DATA

XRASEEFECOF

ZONE 2,MARKED++,IS STANDM)

OE INCREASE IN WEICW OF PROJECTILE

I +
TI-

1 12 1.4..

1-.

. . ..

1+8

tF

-~

=-rt'

FOR SHELL HE 75.M. M48

BRLH 75. 1-48

E EFFMOT OF I FPS "NfEASEIN PiZZLE VELOCITY I I

4-'-4-

8119

F- -

--

FOR SHELL HE 75-NUA M48

BRLH 75.1-48

O"E

EFFECT OF I FPS WCAEASE IN MUZZLE VELOC ITY [fill It

-T-

-4

--

4
F

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10 HARGE 1 950 1! 1 1 -7-MV-F 12 1 I I 1 I1 !Irl '01i rl I t I I

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1 4 4 + 1

4 .44-ir-4

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I

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4
A

mpw

BRLa 75-1-43

BALUSIC AND ENGINEERING DATA

l iifl

I I Ir T

I-

LRANGE EFFECT C~F NCREASE IN AIR TEMPERATURE OW FIS S7NDARD)

I' l 1 I f i l I t

-1~ I

__

__

FOR SHEU_ HE. 75.MK M48

BRLH 75-148 8

NGE EFiFiE'G'T'
I

H REAR WND

T7 4-

14

T7

4 I-50

IT

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CHARGE MV-FPS700
tt,

tit
4- T-

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R4NGE oi. 0
2000 4000 Gooo

YAR
8000

BRtB 7-.

BALUSI~fC AND ENINFUNG DATA

~~~RA(100%R
It 0 440 fil0II00i 60 800

_3_STANDARD

i22

WINNE=

FOR SHELL HE. 75-MINt M48

BRLH 75.1-A8

o.SUMMITAL YAW
I I I

1;1 ! fit

fill If f it 1 1

fit CHARGE I MV FPS

T

-t4--T = F. so T

14, J-11 i
ASSUMED
bi iZ I 111

rT r-r-7Tit KM
.1

71

L9 it

T-17-

If

It

If I

T
T-

20

If 1. 1.

4-

lit if

4 fill t Ill it VI

15I !!if if

-4+
f-t
If I TF, I .410 4A

I -I If

it

T--j I J

-L-LL-

A -L-

ELEVATION - MILS 900 1000 1100 ;200 1300 1400

41-1

M -M

M-z-

Ia !, i I

1: 111 i 1!

:A !:!

~9

BRLH 75-t-45

BALUJSTIC AND E 4NCINEEINC DATA

9. frMr

daCr Ta kGun.

FT75-AY-1.

Guns, 75-mm, 14 (moumted in Medium Tank M4 and modification, Including Assault Tank M4A3EZ) M6 and M17 (mounted in Light Tank M24). Twist of rifling: 1/25.586. 0CM items 16640 and 16741 recommended arid approved the use of the HE Shell M48 in the 75-mm Tank Gun 12, which is now obsolete.

NS
20

-__-

-4

N0

FOR SHE"L HE 75-MM. M43

BRLH

5-1-48

&ORM FACTOR

- ELEVATION CURVES (O TYPE 2)

LII

II

.74-4-4I

II

-r

-IT-~

~mM

7-I.4~RLUS11C

AND1 ENC4MNEEUN

DATA

LBALUSIMC COEFFICIENT - ELEVATION CURVES (PRO~J TYPE 2) 44

I-

fL

ri-I

4It It II

MVw 150 P
RID DC A G

It*

-4--

I3tOLA

1~s I
*Jj

FPS

II

or
l

II
i

F
t,

*i

-1A *i

t EOCDHA6

* -l

If

i
14 441

LI4-

SUECHM

I-4~I LEVAT ON -~ L~-W~ Us 0400 6W0 Boo

rw--4

FOR SHELL HE 75..Y.K M48

BRLi 75-1-48 9

c-SLE-VATION -RANGE CURVES (Julvp 00 MLS) -I ifi!

T a 1+

PD FUZES.%TSO NORMAL %_1ARGE MV 1520 FPS

4-

414:J2
4;

I T

700 PD FUZES a TSQ CHARGE MARANGE 7 SUPER 13995 YDS NORMAL 11285 YDS IT_T REDUCED 6985 4- I I If 4

6000

500

444, H-,-'-L,4-4 PD FUZESa REDUCED CHARGE mv 960 FPS

_L _14

400
I TA

T _T_
30 0 >
44

Pr) F1179 aTSQ SUPERCHARGE

r .71 ...
_4 4-i 4-

20 rl-m

... ...

4 UP FUZE ERCHARGE mv twFP_

it

it4

i4

4-

1+;
44DOO

P-000

6000

8000

.. .... - 4 R Afq GEE - YARDS, 10000 12ow 10,000

27

BRLM- M5I-48

BAWSTJC AND E2NG1NEMRNC DATA

TANJK GUNS CURVES

dANLEOF FALL -RANGE

II

I1I2
it

* TQ AND PD FUZS
Ji I

NOMA CHARGE

IL

tI

ISM1

REDUCEDG8AGE

41

400E~

4000R~

x'o

ME i~

4-

-4

FOR SHELL HEF.75-.

M48

BR,

75-1-48 9

TA.NK GUNS
*

,;,4, * .r

CERMINAL VELOCITY

RANGE CURVES

_ ,r-t .,,

+oiC4t414

J.- .

r+..

4. -

!,

...... . ., 4 +-f-...................

*t

-+t- -i ...

4.
_-.

..
--

. . .I-

-.

-.

-,_,;i-------

_,

-4---

', -f"+ m. ' +.++

L
,'--' ''

.:PD)AND TSQ FUZES

2Z 1..,.

._.+r+ ,+"-+ "'r

-

I,ij ,kl'
..
r

SUPERCIARGE
. -~T

.+
,-'

i-+--.

- -

" "

,. -

t r+i

L Li

!+'"-r-

F.

.-- ' I--, '4..---

, -f--

fl

tf-t ......

ykL

4.

I.

4--.*--'tt'

. +-.+,+

,.._ ...... ..

''~1=''

ORMACAG

REDUCED
-RAE....... o 2000 YARDS SOW

MV150

-i.4-4 l'
120

4000

tA2100

*OW0

14000

29

~~13

~ KGIUNS_
-

MIAJSUMC

MND ~J~J

DATA

'I4 LLL

AN

__LIAAL

1 ME

OF

FLGT-RECRE

I-~4

4L

.JL

4ED GHAE
II

if 11

;it

~.~

Ho4
L11 A -1

_ 44-

a -

T~~+.r
a

. .i-a .-

a4 ata

F,

RANGE--A.D
_* 2 MO 4ox=0

-6

*,

* ..

-&--.-4=L-

.-

20Q0 ~

MXOI~~I2Ol

~"

IM-

'

X---

40

FOR

SHELL HE 7M-k%04 ?A.a

mJil 115.1-4a

STANK QLW4$S

t~I:zz

KI~rA

DRFT- RANGE
-44i

CURVES

-u

-- ' ?IO

6,

4'

I ---.-----s-h

Y,

a~+OE

'.5;:
-,

EFETC NN..."

WP

XY

-Pffp oMR

--

116_

r-Z

'

rtiAm
WE=

??;;+~~~*
'-

&PRHR
*Go
1:'

~~J-~600

90.-.---44

14

BRLH 75-1-48 9

BALLISTIC AND IMN'UQEJNC DATA

FOP,

II101

Nx-

"r"SiE

_______AG

FD~ ANDj T,5

RA
U

UE
tR)

I~~~

4-00

&)O

00002000

140

FOR SHELL HE. 75.M?4 M48

BRLH 75.1.48 9

TANK GUNS
4-PANGE EFFECT OF I ZONE INCREASE
1! IN WrEIGHiT CF PROVAECTILE (ZONE 2, MARKED++, IS STANDARD)
-tT

p~
r?

+ _T t

LL1

__________________

..

00 ~

00

6004,0

900

100~'

~00

__

____-

>

~- ~Sf

BRLH 75-1-48

BALUSTIC AND) ENINEERNG DATA

1-Tt

AN RRDS D. T-Y

1i1271

10

--_ -=-~-

-=--

-=-T.

FOR SHELL HE 75-MM. M48

BRLI- 75.1-48 9

4- 14

UN

t4K
' t2t*

LRANGE EFFECT OF 'F INCREASE

IN AIR TEMPLRATURE (590 IS STANDARD) J,4+4
-44
4.-A

:
I
44
4

T4,~

-4-1
*-~ i-

Li
--

14 -1 "4 i+
TL!T

8 PP

PD AND TSNGEFUZcs
---------

T
I.

-=----.J-.

*---_i

NELGIL

F00 OR

f00+0 100

100

-~~~CAG

7~-~~~-~~_

W.Wi 7514
9

BALUSTIC AND FENNMNG DATA

TANK GUNS :T: Tm.RANG;r EFFECT ,F I MPH REAR~ WIND

I f i l l

---

lilt
44L44

UYW PD AND1Q17'
-4--

4:Wt

I'

--

10~-H

-p
1 4

4
w IeO FPS-

o ~
&LrI

REDUWG HARGEj
____

t-T.
___

9W

FPS

iI'I

r~pjit~~RANGE 200 400 600

VAPOS
= 0=0 200 M

Au38

FOR SHELL PE. 7',.MM.. M48

BRLH 75-148 9

1+

H,

TANK GU S . . .. .

T- H*H
V.-

n. RANGE E FFECT OF 1%INGVEASE INAR DENSITY (100% IS STANDARD) lj

IT' 4 4-

H-PI
jJ4 C44ARGE

R-171

_144 1-1; 4-

REDUCED mv 960 FPS I R- i-A 11 f

+fl -1-T-

I TI AND TSQ PJZES ij, -

11 t 1

I II IL

-41+ 4--T H 7 1

4-14
_30fill
L

NOFUMCMFM MV 1520 FPS

If Ii i

fi t

-4 F-I cl* iA , I -A
d

NX 11 it,

-60r

d4++
7-T-1 1A

s"L PiER CHARGE' MV 1980 FPS

4L

7c
A T -I

4-' -4t
0

F -i T-11,

IT

,
Rom

44
4000

RAN GE, f
0000

J_

4#1
12000

T 14=

IR IFuze:
9J5J14j

IG

RAL4JS1C AND ENCINEEPING DATA

10. Firing table datA. Aircraft Guns. FTL 75A.C-AW-1. Guns, 75-mm, M5A1 and U1O (zuouxit&d in aircraft). V.V: 1,950 fps. Twist of rifling: 1/22. PD, M57. 0CM items 20756 and 20991 recommended and approved the tine of the HE Shell M48 in a. Aerodynamic coutstants.

the 75-mm Aircra~t Gun M4, which is now obsolete.

4

Form. factor, i (relative to drag function for

HE &iell M48 with PD Fuze M57 ) Ballistic coefficient, C (relative to drag function for HE OheLl M448 with PD) Fuze 1-57)1.8 Normal st ability factor, ss Damping constant, c' Damping constant, a" Winda-ge jump coefficient, b Yaw-drag coefficient, K&18.4 1.00

1.85? 0.000, 984,lft 1 0.000, 025, 68ff 1 24,931 mils. fps rad-2

b. Trajctoy d"a The firing tables apply to a gun flexibly mounted in elevation on an airpla-ne flying horizonta~lly, sr mounted at a fixed elevation on a diving airplane, and firing at a target on the ground. They list the following daa and certain effects on them for true air- speeds of 2,60 and 3 .50 mph: Time of flight: S Horizontal-angle between the gun and the li1ne of sight. Vertical angle between the gun and the line of sight.

38

FOR SHFLL HE 75-MM. M

~II

BRLH 75--

SECTION V EFFECT DATA

Ricochet data - --------------------

-------

11

Effectiveness - ------------Fragmentation - -- - - -- - --------Penetration - --11.

-------------- - ------ ------------------

---

12 13 14

Ricochet data. The fcqowing data an ricochet of 75-mm HE Shell M48 with P) Fuzes M48A2 and

M51A4 were taken from volume TL of 'Terminal Ballistic Data". a. HOWITZER, 75-MM, MIAI, M2 and M3 TABLE 73 TANK GUNS, 75-mm, W3, M6 and M17

Range Angle of Angle of Impact Height Fall Recovery to Burst of Burst yd Charge 1 VV700 fps 1,030 3,(o mils 109 242 415 mls 155 265 315 yd-26 17 7 32 24 15 t 12 14 7 12 16 14

PE in Height of Bust ft 2 3 2 2 3 3

Charge 2
MV 810 fps 1,000 2,000 3,000 82 178 295

120 220 25

Charge 3 MV 950 fts

1,000

58

90

40

i1

2,0(0
3,000

127
208

175
245

33
25

21
18

4
4

4,000
_______5,000

305
4--r,;

225
o15

"7 8
51 42 -9 35

15
8

4
2 3 4 4 4

MV 1,250 fps

1,030 2,000 3,000

3 86 142

80 125 1 E3

20

4,000
A,000 6,000

206
279 363

45
M5 310

284
21 14 14

3_

ww

75.f4 I~

B.ALLIMC AND ENG1NEF

,NG DATA

bi TA.X GUM, 75-MM, M3, MG and MI7 TJABLE 74 TANK GUNS, 75-M-M, M3, M6 and Ml7

PE In

Height Range Angle of Angle o Impact Height Fal Recovery to Burst of Burst of Burst it ft ya s I si"l yd Reduced Charge 1,000 V 960 fps
2,03W 3,000

59
126 206

90
170 245

40
33 25

l1
17 18

2
3 4

4,000 Normal Charge 1." 1,500 fps 1,000 2,000

3,000

301 26 85
115

295 45 100
160

17 62 50
41

16 8 15
19

4 2 3
4

4,W0') 5,000
8,000 7,000 Super Charge fps MV 1-' 1,000

1.74 240
313 394 13

220 2M5
300 315 25

33 26
19 !3 28

22 21
17 12 2

5 5
4 4 0

2,000 3,000
4,000

3 70
!l

80 105
16'

23 19
14

4 8
7

1 1
1

5,000 6,000 7,000

8,000

171 234 303

378

215 280 295

315

12 9 7
5

6 7 6
4

2 2 2
1

2. Wee,er0ws.

The follow ng data on effectiveness of HE Shell M48 with PD Fuze M54 were taktn

from olume M[ of "Tertinnal Ballstic Dta".

E1MMY ARTILLERY a- N'1MBZ. O1 ROUNDS REQVULED .MlW FO 50% EFFECT POR 10,0 0 Q YD IN AREA M'JRE

HCWrrZER, 75-mr-, MIAl. M2 a nd M3.

Charge 4: MV 1250 fps ydImact Time Tim. and Lmoact

L'o

68

?00

50

40

FOR SHELL HE 75.MM. M4

BRLH 75-I8
12-13

b. NTIOB OF ROUNDS REQUIRED AGA T ENEMr Y AR1TILERY FOR 90% PROBAW 4Y OF AT LEAST ONE EFFECTIVE UT IN AIMED FRE (1) Howitzer, 75-mm, MIA!, Y42 -mA W,. 1 CSz k 34V 1250 fps T of F:re RangType
yd 2,0024 impact Time 340 Tim a4 43 Impact

460 S rcharre: IV Impact ips f

1400

560

(2)

Tar-k Gun, 75-ram, K,, M6 and M17.

ange
yd__

01rire -- d-P

Tbne 340 790

Time and Lmptt

2,O00
[5,000

7
12

15
180

15. FragmentUIon. a. Sand pit test. The sand pit and panel tests of HE Shell M48 with DD Fuze M39 were reported

in Ba2.stz.c Research Laboratory Repoit No. 126, "Fragmentation of te ?5-rmm HE Shel T3 as dete.mined by pane e eto.hhe c!ghtlf tn P, -"ze 39 is 2.35 lb and Its cumn"tur is slightly difanI and pit frag-Lentatten teto" -he we we ferent from that of the PD ruze M48A2. (t: Four r r jectlles were plazed 4n boxes and det.nated in me sand pL Tne fragmen s tere then separated frf-r *.e sand with a I-and screen made of 0.03-inch wire with 4 Mnshes per inch. Firally, they were V cped az.zrding to sizt by being sifted Lt--.r fv'.r screens with the fo i wIng average dimensions:
Screen No. Meshes per Diof wire, Size of Side, pentzg Ar ea,

I
2 3

ilmh 2
2 3

nch .16
I4 .10

.. ch .84
.36 .2

I .71
.13 .053

.08

.17

.o

(2; The average weirht of the sheU1 a.d fize, withj the 7NlZ, was 13.29 lb. Tnhe -cU/tiw table shows the a _er2e.nunber and weight of Uhe fragmento mn each group:

41

~pjR

ALUMtIC AtD &%G-M

DATA

[
~

Fragments caught by follavrin screens: o 4 e. rounds) S creen Screen Screen Screen No. No. No. No. 1 2 3 4

Noof FragMexhts 8 272 285A 142

%fttaWehto
No. of
rme

Fragmnents lb______ 1.043 8.449 1.713 0,384

of empty Shell and Fuze 15.4 63.6 12. 9 2.?

0.8 34.9 32.? 18.2

b. Pal test. (1) Four panels were madIe ef spruce boards with a cominal thickness of 1 inch. Pane. A was smicrcularwith a ra'ius of 15 feet, and 9 feet high: it was pla'ced cn the Left M1de of the 'lrne -- f~re, a-nd he top and 1-ottorn .- th. kiiel. -For the shiell was detonated at the center of the are, abc--t midway between -. the same rounds. panel B was planed on the right side of the lisae of fire, with the same cen*er: it was
'

seiLclr

ito-rdusof3

et

n 9 feet ag-

PPnlI

a siiiclr

a radus cf 7

eel-,

was placed opposte pane' ;, in such a rxitlor as to =-Liudt:fte rairs of 120 feet, and was 12 feet high: 4.t1

(2) BU. Report 126 de-fines certain terms as follnws; A ?arforatqng famt completely thru the panel. A R~eral ao, go all the way thru. A uwit solid aieIs is one LWa goes at A-Past

s one thst trave~z

:1:86 inch 1into th paus-, bLjt &,6es

1/100 of the solid an~gle subtnded by a urn: cofsphr-,q surface

at nit radius. Polar angles are measured with reb-pe-ct to a horizontal cocrdiLa-e svsteu. w-.t its 3zrt;.n pae.es. A is ASSU-Med at the center of the panels, at an elevatIon midway between the top arrh bottom of #211e the ;' e.. that the center of gravity of the projectile coincides with the origin of coordiates, tmat t-he Exis -&' is~ horizontal, Wnd that the polar axis Ales a-long the extension af the she.. a=s In tine oe-nof tnzo no.Ie. rear &ngle

(3) 7he resalts of the zrrnei test are shown by n-e followig ramentatlon isrnsitv-7

42

Air_-_

FOR SHELL HE 75.MM. W~e

BRLH~ 75.1-48

_7 F.

F-14

4T:L i

__

__

__

___T_

S_

W-i
aa~a J

-4
T h tl i
4

o4
a
>
-~

j-Do
_ __ _ __ _

__

Z:aa.

kc

S2i

f~4

ch'-

:j~

-i--

at-

--

4r

-.-.-..

4..-

*...Jos

43

5--8BAWLS7IC

ANDV LNGMEER!?C DATA

i7hJ t
-t
Ai r'4r-' i-' P-- 4

I__

44.

i fI f
_ _-_

-.- 1-.

Aj1 !-IIi A.
X

fl
&

1 Z

--

'0A

-t-4

rr19&

rA

II;a

-u

c -'

CC

--

-d

rJ.----

-4-c--

4t

Ile..

TV

TI=---

AIM 13

7-146BALLISTC

AND ENGINEERING DATA N 44 fl AI

t*1

IfI
ox (a

>

At

88

FOR SHEL

75M

BR4H7513

444

BRUi M 148

BALLL51X AND

-MNG DATA

4-44r- i, j-T-! -

---------------------

T:

HH11I

I J

--

IA-

-7 j > j

0 40

Irs

X ---At

IT

04
11774"

a --------------

M+ i-,LL -I I i4

,t it

ME m J

uwff sa ID

4. W

48

FOR SHW.. NE 75.ML M46

BRIMN 75.148 13

c. CanUles. All the following data on fragmentation of HE SheU M48 with PD and TSQ Fuzes were taken from volume III of Terminal Ballistic Data7 and TM 9-1907, "Ballistic Data, .erformance o Anmunttion". The inittial fragment velocity of this shell 'is 3,120 fps. TABLE 38 CASUALTIES Distance from burst (t) r Ttal number, of effective fragments N Average number of effective fragmemts per sq ft B For the lightest effective fragment Weight Velocity (oz) (fpS) m v

23
30 40 80

I070
920 750 640

0.213
0.0809 0.0375 0.0141

0.014
0,018 0.024 0.037

2080
1820 1570 1270

80
1C0

510
450

0.0064
0.0036

0.051
0.063

1080
972

150
200 300 400

370
320 250 200

0.0013
0.0006 0.0002 0.0001

0.090
0.116 0.173 0.244

813
716 587 494

49

naui
L1

754148

BIAJ251M~ AND

4EERUN4Q

ATA

[
1

-TO

EXpECTED CASuALTIESt 50% OF PERSONNEL SUPERQUIGK GROUND BURSTS -NO M~ELDING TANK GUNS,75-MM, M3,M6 AND M17 WIDTH OF FRINGE AROUNDTARGET AREA BE INCLUDED INFIRE AREA: 37FT

~~4ELL

DENSITY REQUIRED INAREA FIRE

I''
4

I R4

~~

11111

~
I

I I

I11

.t
___ ____ial

4iT.
V.

'pip

W..

1200i40

11 -

fi

ll5

FOR 5.HE[L

HE, 75.M1

M43

WiliI 75.-4
'3

AIR

Mt EQUIRED INARA REI SHELL DENST EXPECTED CASUALTIESt 50OF PERSOM*EL

TIIim

.BURSTS AT OPTIMUM MEAN HEIGHT

CMMAGE
'*

HOWITZ RS, 75-MMMIAI, MEAND M3

I Iw

71
.

I:;I

+ 1-t-.+ -j.4*4* ~WIDTH 0.9FRINGE

TBE INLUDED IN FIRE AIREA3L Ptl MAN HE[Gff Of BURST + to".~ it

t~

125

HIELDI G MUM*LET

14,K

1."~

41-L

- -1*

,T

'1
0

1)

100

3000

4000
11 il

000

~1LH

74.4~

ALW51C AND ENGINEERINC DATA

CASUALTiES
r TANK GUNS

INCLINATION Vt HEIGHT OF BURST O FT

REMAINING VELOCITY 0 FPS

IW

30

1 AT LEASTI HIT PERVOSQFT PE 4STIT

iNCLINATION 30*
HEIGHT OF BURS"' 0 FT REMAINING VELOCITY 800 FPS

FOP, SMLL H-F 75-MM. MBRU

75-146 13

CASUALTIES TANK GUNS O"

FIR

INCLINATION 30* HEIGHT OF BURST 30PT REMA*IING VELOCITY SOO FPS

LIKE OF

AT U

IT

AT LEAS'IRT M,10 50FT V0 ,' LEASTIMT"

LNATiIONH 300 MU' HEGH'T OF SURST 60 FT REMAINING VE-LOCITY 800 FPS

1601

B R
15

Z7$-48 A.O ENGDEMNG DATA

TABLE W MIPFORATION OF 1/8 IN. L..IIEM STEEL Average number of effect.We fragmerits Me sq ft B 0.106 0.0391 0.01 0.08 0.M 0.0018 0.GOO 0.0003 0.0001 0.0001 For the lightest effc t ive fragment Weight Velocity (OZ) (fps) m 0.049 0.065 0.082 0.127 0.18-5 0.253 1-.375 0 .500 0.6.55 0.820 v 2390 2180 2010 1790 !.M3 1430 1270 1160 1080 1.00 !

Dstance Totalgm2.r from ,burst of effeive Mfl fralmea r 20 30 40 so 80 1-0 .30 160 190 M3S N S34 442 3w 300 242 197 132 w4 57

54-

FOR -qtLIT-5.M %M

RL

M1-

SHELL DENSITY REQUIRED) IN AREA FIRE.

tmq-UIED PEPOAm-

F r- INCHi MILD STEEL'

4:iE

-~

2 SO FT INAREA. W SHELDNG SUPERQUICK GROUND BUR~STS N TANK GUNS ~:-~i--:~ WIDTH OF FRINGE AROUND TARGET AREAL4 +HiF+TOU INOLUDED IN FIRE AREAs 20 FT.
f I1

50% OF ELDOMNT

i+L

7*tTTT T
Md.,

% Ii f -1 Ii

SUERC MG

M 190 P

t-1i
44I

II

SRIH 75.1-43 13

RALISTIC AMD E4CUMI*i?

DATA

PERFORATIONS OF 103-IN.MILD STEEL

2~K GUNS TAN

INCUNATf ON ' NEIGHT OF F'JRST OFT REMAINING VELOCIY 0 FPS

II

O
PR 4SQ FT x . rLfA3hTl M
PE0I0

AVLWIWT

INCLINATMN 304 H~EIGHT OF BURST 0 FT REMAINING VELOCITY 800 FPS

FOP, SMa1U. HL. ?rbrM M4S

Emit 73-t-0

18 N. MtiLD SEL PERFORAliON OFV

TANK GUNS A

INCLINATION 3O0' t47I(3HT OF BURST 30FTll REMAI~NING VELDCIY S00 FnS

SAT LEAST! HIT SQ F ER z5 p

RWH 75.-4 13

BALUMTI

AND ENGINEERING DATA

%* SHELL DENSITY REQUIR0~ IN AREA FIRE. -- 50% OF ELEMENTS 2 SQOFT IN AREA.

-

-j

EXPECTED PERFORATION OF 1/4-INCH MILD STEEL: SUPERQUIGK GROUND BURSTS- NO SHIELDING.

i1

TO BE INCLUDED IN FIRE AREA, 13 FTL

WIDTH OF FRINGE AROLURGET AREA

-4-4

-a.-4

RAHC CUPARGHARG

____

-I_

A00

20

58

FOR SHELL I-IL 75.MNL NUO

14 EN-ATO

BRLH 75-14 14

I.

G.TOTAL NUMBER OF ROUNDS NECESSARY TO OWAN

90% POAILT OF ENOUG

HIS O

AK

BRAH1

TWD

OCEE

ALK

THG

P FUZE M78-

-44+

:1:

. .....

5000

200

iT-

-4

1450

4____~~ ;: 4____-

-19

BRLM 7-1.46 14
45

RALUM~C AND ENGINEMRNG DATA

b OTAL NUMBER OF RtOUNDS NECESSARY TO)OBTAIN 90XPROBABLITY OF AT LL TONE PERFORATION IN

VTARGESOF.GRADE.A.CO.RE:TE (5000 PSI)

~K GUNS.

FUEM8 OP4

-f

800

600

_RP

AGT

iEU

FOR SHELL HE 75-.Nt M48

NAB 75.t.48

141

I II

0 3I0A

81

- --

IN

75.1.48

BAU4=TC AND ENGWNEGC

DATA

IUER~HAMD LOGS ADD PENETRATION INTO EARTH(IFANY) TOPE*7TION INOWD (USW4G APPROPRIATE SCALE$)

I)
FROM

I
OLZ

RMIAL LLIT.... .........B T

-

4i00 82 (ILOWLL VRTCL.LO

5000 AGL
-

4
ta

IFOR SHELL HE. 75-M?4

OF"~L 75.4.14

LHRG
___

2__

~ ~fl
_ _--

)4tti
-I t Tf

3000~~ 40050

63T

Balmstic Research Laboratories Handbook of Bal~ic and Engineering Data for Ammimition, N1o. 75-1-61 BALLISTIC AND ENGWIEERING DATA for Projectile, APC, 75-nim, MOWA With SectionFuze, I General BALLITIC --BD, M66AI --EN TIONIEEIGDT 6G-1 1

Balltc Rese.rc Lab. Abreen Prvm aad Mayland9 March 1949

11
al
NV

Description -----interior ball-t data E5terior baitic data ----

2- 4
i b5

Enictndata

Dat.

8A.u.ton

GENERAL

1. Purpose. The purpose of this number of the handbook is to furnish a concie, of the Aapped ?5-m Armor-pier, lffects and marion regarding the shape., dymrics, ballistics M61A) with the Base Detonating Fuze M6e, 1Ts a tracer composition. BD contains

:"

4 torW Projectle

Wormation Is

zclhected from the drawings, reports., firing tables, an:d technical manuals pertaining w thi ammnmidonm

BRF7316

BALLISTIC AND F-DT

04

FOR PROJECTILE. APr- 75-MM. M61AI 2.4

Dimensions Physical characteristics

-...............

-.

2. Draming.
Projectile: Metal parts assembly and detils U7-2-291

Fuze: Assembly Details

3. Dimensions,

73-2-178 73-2-179 ad 180 0.43 cal

0.25 Cal

-re: Length (outside)

Band: DIstance from base

Width ody: Cylindrical ler4th

Cgival length (outside) Radius of ogival arc Cap: Length (outside)

0.,(

1.96 zal
0.15 cal 1.29 cal 0.41 cal

Padius of oival arc

Windshield: 'Length Radius of ogival - -".11 Length: Ogive Projetile without fuze Projectile and '>ize 4. Physical characteristics. Weight (standard) Base of projectile to center of gravity Axial moment of inertia

7.11 mal
1.95 ca. cl 2.52 cal 4.48ca 4.90 cal

Transverse moment of inertia

'Estimated

105.7 ib.ln

14.90 lb 1.426 cal 2 * 15.80 lb.,n 2 ,

from the values ior the 3-inch APC Projeztile M82.

~S

W .U 1-61

5.6

BALUSC AND ENCANMERM

DATA

SECTION Mn LrNERIOR BALLISTIC DATA

. .-. .-..- . .-. .-. .-. Theoretical yaw in bore -.- . . . . .-. .5. TlhoreUc~ yaw In bore. 11 min . ..5

Minimum

Maximum

16 min
SECTION IV

EXT ZIOR BALLIqMC DATA Paragraph

Aerodynamic data ....-..... ....-..-.----------------6

Firixg table data - --------

--

--

- - - --

- - - - ---

---

a. Dr&

A form fctor CC 0.985 relative to the G 6 drag function was determined by resistance

firings at velocites of 1643 a.xl 2007 fps. The correspocding ballistic coefficient is 1.735. At a velocity of 2030 fps, the drag coeffIcient is 0,146. b. Stahlity. T7he moment coefficient, estimated from known data for the 3-inch AP Pr.ojectiLe 4

is i.346 at a mu.le velocity of 230 fps. The estimated stability factor is 2.66 for a twist of riflng of 1/M..588 (in Tank Guns W.A, M8 and M17) and 3.60 for a twtst of rifling of 1/22 (in Aircraft Guns M5A1 and M10). value was calculated hoefficen. The pwing rceant coe~ficient is 4.2. This c. Yawing moment b7 an empirical formula determined by the valizes given in Table XrV ! Billisti.c Research Laboratcry 'Report No. 357, "Danipinr of Calibers .30 arnd . 0 Bullets and 37-mm liE Shell". d Croim wind force coefficlent. The cross wind force co_fient is 0.256, This is the value

calculated for the 3-inch 15-lb HE Shell M1915, using the drift fcr a range of 9000 yards in FT 3-M-2 ad the velocities taken from the compu ted Lrajectory for an elevation of 10 and a muzzle velo-lty d 2600 fps. The 3-inch Shell M1915 ad the 75'mm Projectile M61A2 are approximately the same shape,

FOR PROJECTILE APC, 75.M. MYIAI

/

6RLH 75.1-61 6-7

e. Magma moment coefticlent. The Meg= moment coefficient, calculated by an empirical

formula that applies to a l-ge umiber of projectiles, Ls - 0.30.

7. Firing table daa. FT 75-AY-l. Guns, 75-mm, M3 (mounted in Medium Tank M4 and modifications, Including the Assamlt rank M4A2E2) M6 and M17 (mouated in Light Tank M24). 7IRLMt of rifling: 1/25.586. MV: 2D30 fps. OCM items the AP Projectile M61. 0CM items 15640 16119 and 161e7 recommended and approved sandardIzation. r. and 16741 recommended and approved authorzation for its use in the 75-mm Tank Gus W, Vhich is now obsolete. OCM item 17699 changed its designation from Armor-piercing to Armor-piercing Capped Projectile. NOTE: OCM items 20756 and 2D91 recommended and approved authorization for the use of the APC Projectile M01 i the 75-mm Aircraft Gun 114, which is rifled with a twist of 1/25.586 and Is mw obsolete, and IF ?5AC-AX-2 gives firing table data for this materieL The .A-C Projectile M61A1 s now standard ammunition for the 75-mm Aircraft Guns M5.A1 and MI0,which are rifled with a twWt of 1/22, but no firing tables have beer prepared for this combInation of guns and ammunitonm

3.

I
!IA "I -fitC'EN U~ if~IO 1UR44 4-1-~ [ I

I
i f

3.6~ELVA 00 400 600 m

4__ i'~-LV~O~I$+

il

II

FOR PRO)WJ'LE. APC 754A

NM MIA!

ORL4 75.1-61

400

-ELEVATION -RANGE AND

~ANGLE
.-I~ A I I

OrALL-RAGE CUR'WSt41

::~7

ER

iAAGE

AN

___.

20 0 0

i-

I It.

I..

+ RANGE -YARDS

2500

20

20F

300

400500

T00

00
W-

lD,.U

7' ,-6t

BALLISIC AND

,MIUMEJNG DATA

eEFLF-OTION EFFECTS OF DRIF T AND)OMPH LATERAL WIND

____'-___|

__

__

_-

--

(3__

. -i...

. . . .. . ..

.. ... . .. . ..

.I

. .,

. .! I W
_

..: . .D

t-., t '- :-. .. -- .'--.

47 .

. "

--

I.

-2,* iWIND ., . .. ..

---

. ...
. .

I2T....
. 4 V -40

YARDS NLEFSRA2GE::
l oot,_
:c00 ' "2 i-...

I 0 00

. ... .

4 40 0 4

4 4

.4 ''4,.. . .. 0 0

. . . . .... 7

'

"

T..

'

-"

".".

," .

..

. .

2w
.. .4 i "-. [:w

f .COMPLEMENTAIRY ANGLE OF $ITE

'44

--....
.

. "
.4

..

.,"~, .'
. . " "*1 ..

..

44.

1000

4'

.7O---.-----

"" "'"4.:'

.,.

....

,6.00

'00:.

-4.

4, _ 4_

, 1

, .:

-- .

. . -:

- . .

:-

'+'+-+++'
o

,...;
300

RANGE -YARDS
,00C 5000)

.
600 0

..
7000

0 0

2000

8 I
i

-FOR

PROJECnLL- APC. 75.Mbt M6IAt

S3RLH 75.1-ot 7

~444~J

g.RANGE EFFECTS OF

SI FPS INCREASE IN MUZZLE VELOCITY (2OFPS IS SANDARD)

1F INCREASE 1444

INAIR TEMPERATURE 1590F IS STANDARD)

MP

RER WND

MP

ISSTANARD

AN

1%

INRES

INARDNIT

tj

TNAD

E10Tli
+-~~-

.iq.~~~RA
__M

'

~I~p~
1,14

WIND1

5A~

-r7

BRLH 75.1.61

BALIJSTIC AND EMJNF.RING DATA

SECTION V

EPFECT DATA
Paragraph Penetration ........8. Penetration. a. Ballistic limits. Type Face Hardened Plate Thickness inches 3 3 3.5 2 2 3.125 3.0625 Homogeneous 2.5 3 3 3 Obliquity Ballistic Limit fps Type Navy 1658 1807 1884 1487 1699 1734 1738 1744 1594 1797 1925 Number in Average 41 3 2 1 8 28 1 1 6 26 .............-----------------8

deg
20 30 20 20 30 20 20 20 0 20

Army

Army Navy

10

FOR PROJECTILE. APC 75-M I M6IAI

BRL

75.1.1

b. Vulnerability of German tanks.

The following data on vulnerability of German tanks (Panzer-

kampfwagen) to APC Projectile M61Al, fired from Tank Guns M3, M6 and M17 at a muzzle velocity of 2030 fps, were taken from TM 9-1907, "Ballistic Data, Performance of Ammunition". MAXIMUM VULNERABLE RANGE - YARDS

'rank
Attack Angle

0
0

M
250

IV
0
250 Q0

VI
25

Turret Sides
Turret Front Up p e r Hull F r on t L o w e r H ul l F r o n t

3860
2250 1 400 7 20

4700
1120
- -- - -- -

3860
2500 14 70 12 00

4700
1280
----

1000
.... .. .. .... . .

. .. - - - - . ..

Flank Turret Rear

Turret Sides Turret Front Upper Hull Sides Lower Hull Sides Turret Rear Turret Sides Turret Front

5000
3860 2250 5000+ 5000+

4500
4700 1120 4960 4960

4700
3860 2500 5000+ 5000+ 4700 3860 2500

3760
4700 1280 4960 4960 3760 4700 1280

1000
1000 .... 1000 20 1000

------.... ---1200
-------

W00 4500 3860 2250 4700 1120

1000
-

'

Upper Hull Rear

Lower Hull Rear

2110
2500

1040
1280

5000+ 4960
6000+ 4960

300
0_ 0 ----

4"

l-J

11'

061-

FOR PROJECTIL, APC 75.M

M6IAI

86

75-1-61 8

b. Vulne rbiity of German tanks.

The followbig data on vulnerability of German tanks (Pazer-

kampfwagen) to APC Projectile M61A1, fired from Tank Guns M3, M6 and M17 at a muzzle velocity of 2030 fps, were taken from TM 9-1907, "Ballistic Data, Performance of Ammunition". MAXIMUM VULNERABLE RANGE - YARDS

'rank
Attack I Angle
Turret Sides

r
00
3860 25 4700

IV
00 3860 4700

00

VI

1000

Turret Front Upper Hull Front

Lower Hull Front

2.50
1400 720

1120
-------

2500
1470 1200

1280
-------

....

....

Flank
Turret Rear Turret Sides Turret Front Upper Hull Sides 5000 4500 4700 3860 1120 2250 5000+ 4960 4700 3760 3860 4700 1280 2500 5000+ 4960 1000 1000 .... ------....
----

Lower Hull Sides

Turret Rear

5000+ 4960
5000 4500

500+
4700

4960
3790

1000 2200
1000

1200

Turret Sides
Turret Front

3860
2250

4700
1120

3860
2500

4700
1280

1000
....

---...

Upper Hull Rear

Lower Hull Rear

2110
2500

1040
1280

5000+ 4960
5000+ 4960

300
300

------

BRIM 75.1-61

BALLISTIC AND ENGINEM~NG DATA

_4~

Ezt I cPENETRATIVES
-

~NAVY CRITERION

II

4i

T TERMINAL BALLISTIC CAW~ FROM VOL.M1 OF

Li

1.

=7_=

tA

1..

-4

t
d. _

1FNIEC 44 ANJ

f4

T
_L4

000

FOR PROJETLE. APC~ 7 -MM. WAI

MRJ 7S461

TFACE

HARDENED ARMOR PLAE

NAVYERITERIO

T
t,:

4-

ALLfST FROM VOL.1 OF "TALLISTLC

7jt

t
'ii~

i~

iT_
ELOIi4i# ~
20~0 ~~~~~A 20 I0 40
.L.. I.

0~ ~ ~0

20

13T

_______

________4-4+144_

~UJI

54.61BALUSTIC

AND ENGINEEWiNG DATA

WTML NUMBER OF ROM NECESSARY TO OBTAIN 90% PROBABILITY OF AT LEAST ONE PERFORAIONr IN TARGETS OF GRADE A CONCRETE (5000 PSI). TANKU"S M3* M6 AND M17.

TH~~NESSFEIHT WDIH200

~TONS

GRAPH -YARDS *1'F11111.T VAT

20000,,.I

-- -- a 545 7

15T3

FOR PROJECTLE. APC 75.MM. M61AI

sRLH 75.1-61

- LTOTAL
*

T&AIN NUMBER OF ROUNS NECESSARY 90% PROBABILITY OF ENOUGH HI1M TO MAKE A BREACH 12FT WIDE INA CONCRETE WALL 10 FT HIGH4. TANK GUNS M5, M6 AM MI. MIV 2030 FPS

fill-~ II

1L10

BRUi 75-1-~66

Ballistic Research Laboratories Handbook of Ballistic and Engineering Data for Ammunition, No. 75--669 DATA BALLISTIC AND ENGINEERING for Shell, HEAT, 75-nam, M06 With Fuzes, BD, M62A1 and M91 Section I 1i II General - ----------Description ----.-----Interior ballistic data -- ---Exterior ballistic data Effect data ----------SECTUMt GENER.AI, I
----

Lab. Baflistic Research Proving Ground, Aberdeen Ardend. March 1949

Paragraph 1 2 - 4 5 - 6 7 - 8 9

IV
V

Paragraph Purpose .....................-......----------------1

1. Purpose. The purpose of this number of the handbook is to furnish a concise collection of information regarding the shape, dynamics, ballistics and effects of the 75.mm High Explosive Antitank She'l M66 wLth trie base Detonating Fuzes M62A1 and M91. This information is collected from the drawings, reports, and firing tables pertaining to this ammunition.

IEI

~~~jjj~~~~~4
2w

;sjuB~ITI

NJEr

IGDT

4-f-I--

~1

KAi

FOR SHELL HEAT. 75.M

M6

BPJ.H 75.1.66 2.3

SEC

ON 1 1

DESCRPTION

Drawings ....................-.......---------------Dimensions ...................-.....----------------Physic-l characteristics .............--...------

----------

2 3 4

2. Drawings.
Shell: Metal parts, assembly and details Ogive assembly, cone and details Fuze, BD, M62Al: Assembly Details Fuze, BD, M91: Assembly Details 3. Dimensions. Fuze, Be, M91: Length (outside) Boattail: Angle 75-2-314 75-2-315 73-2-168 73-2-169, 170 and 171 73-2-239 73-2-169, 170 and 240 0.28 cal 9-M0'

Lengt1h
Band: Distance from boattal Distance from base

0.48 cal
0.27 c 0.75 cal

Width

0.16 Cal

Body: Length of cylindrical part Length of ogival part Radius of arc Union: Length Ogive: Length Angle Length: Body Ogive and union Shell Ogive, union, and oeival part of body Shell and Fuze M91

2.11 Cal 0.51 cal 7.45 cal 0.17 cal 1.77 cal 22o201 3.10 1.94 5.04 2.45 5.32 cal cal cal cal cal

Note: Fuze, BD, M62AI is entirely inside of shell body.

BRUi 7 -. 66 4.6

BALL STIC AND ENGINEERING DATA

4. Physical charactexsties. Fuze Weight (standard) Base to center of gravity Axial moment of Inertia Transverse moment of Inertia SECTION M INTERIOR BALLISTIC DATA Paragraph ...... Stresses .......Theoretical yaw in bore .....--.....-..------------------...-.--.----------------5 6 BD M62A1 BD M9i

13.37 lb 13.17 lb 1.656 cal 2 16.75 2b.in, 157.3 Ib.in6

5. Stresse3. Tne following table and the graphical representation on page 5 show the longitudinal, radial and tangential stress at each of. three sections: (A) the rear corner of the band seat, (B) the frcnt of the band seat, and (C) immediately behind the bourrelet.

Howitzer, 75-ram
Twist of rilmng Cross-sectional area of bore Rated maximum pressure Total weight of projectile Muzzle velocity Density of fifler (pentolite) Resultant Stressi psi
Longitudinal

MIAI, M2, M3
1/20 7.004 sq in. 26.000 psi 13.37 lb 1000 fps 0.0574 lb cer cu In. A
- 162

Section B
- 358

C
-210

Radial Tangential + denotes tension. 6. Theoretical yzw In bore. Minimum Maximum

-

+ 364
-

643

+ 292

+ 171

denotes compression.

9 min 13 min

FOR SHELL HEAT. 75-MM

BRI4 75.1-66

AS

SECTIONS
A +364 -643 a c

-162

-M352

i/

i-rn

~AXES

OF RESULTANT

STRESS

tL

DIAGRAM OF RESULTANT STRESSES

I1-9

BRLH 75.-I-6 7-8

BAUJSTIC ANO

_Jt2,RWC DATA

SECTIO

V DATA

ECTEXIOR BALUSTI

ParagrSaph
Aerodynamic data . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Firing table data .............
-

7
8

7. Aerodynamic data. a. Drag. The form factor relative to ProjectiLe Type 2, determined by resistance ftrings, arid the corresponding ballistic coefficient and drag coefficient are given below. Velocity fps 77. 1000 Form Factor .75 .96 Ballistic Coefficient 2.01 1..5Drag Coeftcient .050 .070

b. Stability. The stability factor was determined from firings n a 75-mm Gun with a tw.s- 3f rifnlng of 1/25.586 at a muzzle velocity of 1000 fps. The resulting stabtity factor is 1.22, and ' e r-ment coefficient is 226. With a t-Ast of rifling - 1/20 (in tir.e Howitzers MIA!, M2 and M3' at he same ,e.,tt-, the stabilit7 factor would be 2.00. 8. Firin table data. FT 75-1-4. Howitzers. 75-mm, MIAI, M2 and W. Twist of rfling: 1/20. Muzzle velocity: IC1C fps. Pr..ect:.e weight: 13.10 lb. OCM items 17638 and 17752 recemmended and app rved
M66.

dtatc .- - .

:t re .A

.e...

-1 he terminal velocity was taken from Ballistic Research Laboroaory Memorandum fables of Impact Velocitiks for Mobile Artillery Weapons".

~eIrt : . g.

" := = . r -, . -. ' : J= ---j , r-' t' v-. ,-, -' :-.: : . : . i *

~

FFOR

SHELL HEAT, 75.hN,"~

BR66 75.1-

BL1

IOFrMN

-RNG

COR

if

*-

~-

I
-44

_1

ITI
,96 t
C,

1 C

BRL'BALUSIIC

AND ENINEERING(.

DATA

A4-

b.ELEVATION- RANGE CURE7

TT1

44

14
500 Q00 500 f8

14

T-1ljjj'f
160-.

.~.

MV 101AI 00 FPRS4;n
2000

i
2500~0t

-4;4

7'

FOR SHELL HEAT. 75.MK M66

BRLH- 73 -1-66

4 OF RfAE FLW

RANGE SCURVE

I tI
-9- --

IL -41

13ALLIC AND EN4CINEEFINc DATA

SECION V EFFECT DATA

PeneL-ation-----

---------------------

9. Penetration. The average penetration of homogeneous armor pl~ate by 75-mm HEAT Shell M6 is 3 inches.

HUtI 75A.309

Ballistic Research Laboratories Handbook of Ballistic and Engineering Data for Ammunition, No. 75-1-309

Ballistic Research Lab. Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland. 6 March 1949

BALLISTIC AND ENGINEERNG DATA

for Shell, HE, 75-mx, with Fuze, PD, M48A2 or M51A4 M309

Section___._ I I
II

General --.-----------Description - --------Interior ballistic data ----.--

1
2- 4 5

TV
V

Exterior ballistic data

Effect data -------------SECTION I GENERAL

6 -?
8

Purpose -- -------

---

----

---

---

----

---

----

1. Purpose. The purpose of this number of the handbook is to furnish a concise collection of infornatior regarding the shape, dynamics, ballistics and effects of the 7-rm High Explosive Shell M309 with the !-int Detonating Fuze M48A2 or M51A4. This information is collected from the drawings, reports, and firing tables pertaining to this ammunition.

@I

RLH 75.1-309 2

BA~LLSTC AND ENCJNEE1RING DATA

f0

CY w
-)

'IiI

I
_

rto

to

FOR SHELL HE 75-MM M309

BRLH 75-1.309 2.4

SECTION 11
DESCRIPTIO

Paragraph
D raw ings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . -----------------------------Dimensions --.---------------........--...-----Physical characteristics .....2 3 4

2. Drawings.
Shell: Metal parts assembly and details Booster M21A4: Assembly 75-2-365 73-2-154

Fuze M48A2: Assembly Details

Fuze M51A4: Assembly

73-2-140 73-2-143 etc.

73-2-145

Details
3. Dimensions. Boattail: Angle

73-2-143 etc.

9o00

Length Band: Distance from boattail Distance from base

Width

0.325 cal 0.43 cal 0.775 cal 0.115 cal 127 cal 1.19 cal

Cylindrical body, Length ogive: Length

Radius of arc
Fuze: Length (outside) Length: Shell Shell and fuze
Ogive and fuze 4. Physical characteristlIcs.

7.45 cal
1.265 cal 3.785 cal 5.05 cal
2.455 cal The HE Shell M309 is a modification of the HE Shell M48. 14.10 lb 14.40 lb 14.70 lb

Mean weight: Zone 1 Zone 2 (standard) Zone 3

.7

IALUSTIC AND ENGINERING DATA

SECTION

INTERIOR BALLISTIC DATA Paragraph Theoretical yaw In bore ------------------5

5. Theoretical yaw in bore. Mnimum Maximum 5.4 min 10.2 min

SECTION IV EXTERIOR BALLISTIC DATA Aerodynamic za- - ............-..... Firing table da a- ....-..........--...-...---------------6. Ar'ttodynimle data. Drag function Form factor (from time of flight) Ballistic coefficient Muzzle velocity Drag coefficient, KD 7. Firing table data. FT 75-BB-1. Rile, 75-nim, M20 (Recoilless). Twist of rifling: 1/22. velocity: 990 fps. OCM items 2790 Projectile weight: 14.40 lb. Mu: .le and 28547 recommenied and approved standardizaton of the 75-mm G 1.08 1.53 1000 fps 0.077

---------....-..-------

Paragraph 6 7

Rifle M20 and the HE Shell M309 with the PD Fuze M5IA4. The fi.r'ng tables are alb. applicatle t. the HE Shell M309 with the PD Fuze M48 and modifications of it.

FOR

HEL

HE

75-K

h3D9BRUi

75. 1-309

.1TFTTT

"-,,r

g FO FATORF:--44

ELEVATION CURVE (PROJ.TYPE ).

--

4.-4

1.05

BflH

754.-3W

BALLIS'TlC AND LNCJNEEJNIC DATA

140

low

if

FOR SHELL. HE. 75-KK M309

BRL.H 75-009

d TERMINAL VELWTY - RANCE A --- TIME OF FLIC4iT RANGE CURVES

4-1

.4-

4I I f

-4

OF FUGHT

50

-4looo +

40 + -4

TERMINAL VELOCITY
900 4-

30

800

4 4> 4-

20

700

cr-w -4

T-1

;Z74+

4-

LL

R0ZE600 0 1000 2000

RD 4000 5000

X
+

3000

6000

7000

BRLH- 75.1.309

BALUTMl

AND ENU.NERdNG DATA

k4!'T-RANGE

CURVE

At--t~I

4-

-4.

2i4

jV~j

Ioi-!-I4+H-

-_ X

I-?-

T77-7_______________

_44-........'.

o2000

GE'~URNGEYAR 0050

____+

600
8-

700

FOR SHELL HE. 75.M M A309

BRLM 75-1.309

ELEATON EMAL

ANGOMLE OF STE

-4-

If
EL ----ION ANGE OFClOMLEMETA9

T.

BRLJi 75-1.309

BALUSTC AOD ENGINMEIUNG DATA

7w

~ 44 4+47At I

~
-----.-

42

I.

1-,

'A

___--7~-

o_________

-RANG

EFETO

WIH

FP

'O

4.

"t

YARDS:

400

FMi 5)WELI

HE M5W W309

BRuM 7->.L"?

L)jRANGE EFFECT OF I FPS lNCREASE fN MUZZLE VELDGITY

S .

1.*

~
-uj---

,*

t-.4 -

Jf

i~~E IN AIR I i IMG

PRTR

-4

4~11~

1RAGE -lO ow 3000

YARDS .
4000
J-t

00

5000

6s00

70o
I

DRLH 75-1-309 7N

BALLISTIC AND ENGINEERING DATA

n-)i v-P R1>~i -H+ )RANGE EFFECT OF IMPH REARWIND

+
t.fl

5
1000 2000

-14i1i
RANGE -YARDS
3000 4000 5000 60

01

-rRAIGE

INCREASE INAIR DENSITY EFFECT OF 1%

Iit It IIII

tI 1r

U) ~

1LLLJ4~LWtTL~

T-12

FOR SHELL. HE. 75.MtA M309

BRLH 75.1.309

SECTION V EFFECT DATA -- Paragraph Fragmentation -.-. .-..-....-..-..-......- .8 8. Fragmentation, Thie fragmentation of the Pr Shell M309 should be approximately the =ame as that of the HE Shell M48*, of which it is a modification. For data on fragmentation of the M48 Shell, see

BRL2 75-1-48.

13

H R.I4 75-1-310
!

BallistIc Research Laboratories Handbook of Ballistic and Englneerbig Data or Ammunition, No. 75-1-310 BALL1 T1C AND EN4GINEERING DATA for
Shell, HEAT, 75-am, M310

Ballistic Reseaecn Lab. Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland. 8 March 1949

with
Fuze, BD, M62A1 or MI

Section I ii General --- - -----------Description -----------Interior ballistic data Exterior ballistic data
- -

1 2-4
5 6
-

m
IV V

7 8

Effect data-- --------SECTION I

GENERAL

PragraE Purpose - -I------------------------------1 i. Purpose. rhe purpose of this numoer of the handbook Is to furnish a concise collection of information regarding the shape, dynamics, balhstics and effects of the 7b-mm High Explosive Antitank Shell M310 with the Base Djetonating Fuze M62A1 or M91. ports, and firing tables pertaining to this ammunition. This information is collected from the drawings, re-

.~

_I

BRLH 75-1-310 2

BA.LUSTIC AND ENGINFEIJNG DATA

~103 Iz

wt
_1
C

I
__

212
so4

i
I
_

FOR SHELL. HEAT. 73-MM M310

BRLH 75.1-310 2-3.

DESCPIPTION

rawings .
Dimensions

2
-............................

Physical characteristics -. - . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. . ..-. ..

2, Drawings. Shell: Metal parts assembly and details Ogive assembly, cone and details Fuze, BD, M62AI: Assembly Details Fuze, BD, M91: Assembly Details 3. Dimensions. Fuze, BD, M91: Length (outside) Boattail: Angle .19 cal 9000 73-2-169 73-2-169, 75-2-368 75-2-315 73-2-188 170 and 171 73-2-29 170 and 240

Length
Band: Distance from boattail Distance from base Width Body: Length of cylindrical part

0.33 cal
0.43 cal 0.7e cal 0.115 cal 2.26 cal

Length of ogival part Radius of arc

Union: Length

0.51 cal 7.45 cal

0.17 cal

Ogive: Length
Angle

!,'17 cal
290'

Length: Body Ogive and union Shell

Ogive, union, and ogival part of body Shell and Fuze M91 Note: Fze, BD, M62A1 is entirely inside of shell body.

3.10 cal 1.94 cal 5.04 cal

2.45 cal 5.23 cal

BRLH 75..310 4 .7

BALISTIC AND FNGINEERING DATA

N

4. Physical characteristics. The HEAT Shell M310 is a modification of the HEAT Shell M66. Its standard weight is 13.08 lb.
SECTION III INTERIOR BALLISTIC DATA

Paragraph Theoretical yaw in bore ---- --------------5

5. Theoretical yaw in bore. Minimum Maximum 5.4 min 10.3 min SECTION IV EXTERIOR BALLISTIC DATA EErph Aerodynamic data ......Firing table data ......6. Aerodynamic data. Drag function Form factor (from time of flight) Ballistic coefficient Muzzle velocity Drag coefficient, KD 7. Firing table data. FT 75-BB-i. Rifle, 75-mm, M20 (Recoilless). Twist of rifling: 1/22. Projectile weight: 13.1 lb. Muzzle velocity: 1000 fps. OCM items 27907 and 28547 recommended and approved standardization of the 75-mm Rifle M20 and the HEAT Shell M310. a. Form factor and ballistic coefficient (Proj Type 6). The following values apply at all elevations:
i6 0.84

............-.......---------------............-......----------------

6 7

)
G2 1.23 1.22 1000 fps 0.087

C 6 = 1.781

44

FOR SHELL HEAT, 75-MMK M310

Bp1"-75-t-310

1 ELEVATION -RANGE AND

ANGLEOCF FALL- RANGEIIP*

IiV

fjpi4

_0

ELVAlOl~

1-4

ANGAEGO-

200 c

IE

FFiGT'

:lj-v-1--~

F ~ SO20 ii
-45

O30

5~

BRL1-1 75-1-310 7

BALUISTIC AND ENCINEERNG DATA

T TId.DEFLEOTiON EFFECSO DiT LT

AND 10MPH LATERAL WIND

j-4

.L
4--1-

'

''

ITI
0-4
T-

pL~
NGEO' IE

4I

IDs t
;:I:&:

F4+
z

OR

;_41TTt
ao
i00f0 5 0030

lilt

8 _jS

I 1-

FOR S.HELL HEAT. 75-MM. 14310

BR~iH 75-1.310

-I

.RANGE EFFECTS OF FPS INCREASE~ IN MUZZLE VELOCITY (1000FPS IS STANDARD),*jj] 16F INCREASE IN AIR TEMPERATURE (59OF IS STANDARD), 1MPH REAR WIND (0 MPH IS STANDARD),I 1%INCREASE IN AIR DENSITY (100%) IS STANDARD)

tt

Ir

T7

+ H4

BRL1

75.1-310

BALUSTIC AND ENC4NEERING DATA

)
SECTION V
EFFECT DATA
Paxagraph Penetration ......is 3 Inches. ...............-----------------8 S. Penetration. The a- rage penetration of homogeneous armor plate by 75-mm HEAT Shell M310