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Strutted Excavations: Foundation Eng Beng 3

The document summarizes the design of strutted excavations and anchorage systems. An apparent pressure diagram is used to design strutted excavations, with trapezoids representing pressure on the sheeting from different soil types. Anchors are also used and can be steel plates, sheet piles, or soil/rock anchors installed in layers down the wall. The depth of the first anchor layer is critical for wall displacement, shear forces, and bending moments. Grouted ground anchors use a grouted length and free cable or bar to allow tensioning.

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118 views3 pages

Strutted Excavations: Foundation Eng Beng 3

The document summarizes the design of strutted excavations and anchorage systems. An apparent pressure diagram is used to design strutted excavations, with trapezoids representing pressure on the sheeting from different soil types. Anchors are also used and can be steel plates, sheet piles, or soil/rock anchors installed in layers down the wall. The depth of the first anchor layer is critical for wall displacement, shear forces, and bending moments. Grouted ground anchors use a grouted length and free cable or bar to allow tensioning.

Uploaded by

osos14
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Foundation Eng BEng 3

Lecture16

STRUTTED EXCAVATIONS
The design of strutted excavations relies on an empirical procedure proposed by Terzaghi and Peck (1967). An apparent pressure diagram is used. As shown below:

Struts

Sheet piling

Typical apparent pressure diagram.

The apparent pressure diagrams are simplified to trapezoids according to the types of soil being encountered.

0.25H

0.5H

0.25 H K a H SAND n H n=0.4 n=0.2 if small movements

Content Strutted Walls and Anchors

Foundation Eng BEng 3

Lecture16

Type b and c trapezoids are used for clays depending on the size of the stability number n. Where n is

H
Cu

0.25H

0.75H

1.0 K a H

Where 4<n i.e. stiff fissured clay, type b is used, where 4<n < 6 the larger of b or c is used and where n>6 i.e. a firm or soft clay c is used. K a for clays is calculated by the equation

4mc U H

where m is 0.4 for normally consolidated clays and 1.0 for lightly over consolidated clays. Where N exceeds about 7 or 8 then base heave or extensive collapse is imminent.

Anchorage Design
Anchors can be either steel plates, short sheet pile wall or soil or rock anchors installed in layers down the wall. The depth of installation of the first layer is critical to the displacements of the wall the shear force and bending moment for design.

Content Strutted Walls and Anchors

Foundation Eng BEng 3

Lecture16

A simple passive reaction plate may be designed as a short retaining wall. Hence for an anchor block designed to resist a force of 165kN/m run in soil c =0 kN/m2 and = 25O

A grouted ground anchor is designed on a different principle using a grouted length of anchor and a free cable or bar to allow tensioning. The following example may be used:

2m

3.5m

3.5 m

Content Strutted Walls and Anchors

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