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Differentiation Techniques Summary

This document provides a summary of differentiation techniques. It lists common functions and their derivatives. It also discusses techniques for implicitly differentiating functions, applying the product rule and quotient rule, and manipulating derivatives to obtain differential equations. Examples are given of finding derivatives and using them to show that a function satisfies a given differential equation.

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Faisal Rao
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81 views3 pages

Differentiation Techniques Summary

This document provides a summary of differentiation techniques. It lists common functions and their derivatives. It also discusses techniques for implicitly differentiating functions, applying the product rule and quotient rule, and manipulating derivatives to obtain differential equations. Examples are given of finding derivatives and using them to show that a function satisfies a given differential equation.

Uploaded by

Faisal Rao
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Differentiation Techniques Summary

Function
ax n ax n + bx m

Derivative
nax n 1 nax n 1 + bmx m1

(ax + b) n

an(ax + b) n 1
n[ f ( x)]

[ f ( x)]n
sin[ f ( x)] cos[ f ( x)] tan[ f ( x)] cos ec[ f ( x)] sec[ f ( x)] cot[ f ( x)]
sin 1 [ f ( x)]

n1

[ f ' ( x )]

[ f ' ( x)]cos[ f ( x)]


[ f ' ( x)]sin[ f ( x)]

[ f ' ( x)]sec 2 [ f ( x)]


[ f ' ( x)]cos ec[ f ( x)]cot[ f ( x)]

[ f ' ( x)]sec[ f ( x)] tan[ f ( x)]


[ f ' ( x)]cos ec 2 [ f ( x)]

[ f ' ( x)] 2 1 [ f ( x )]

cos 1 [ f ( x)]

[ f ' ( x )] 2 1 [ f ( x )]

tan 1 [ f ( x)]

[ f ' ( x )] 2 1 + [ f ( x )]

Function

Derivative

a f ( x)

a f ( x ) (ln a) f ' ( x)

e f ( x)
ln f ( x)

f ' ( x )e f ( x ) f ' ( x) f ( x)

Product Rule:

Quotient Rule: v du dv u dx dx 2 v

d dv du (uv) = u + v dx dx dx

d u = dx v

Implicit Differentiation: d d dy f ( y) = f ' ( y) dx dy dx

Knowledge of proving specific differential identities: 1. Show that


d 1 (tan 1 x) = dx 1+ x2 Let y = tan 1 x , then tan y = x

Differentiating both sides wrt x gives sec 2 y

dy dy 1 =1 = dx dx sec 2 y

dy 1 1 = = 2 dx 1 + tan y 1 + x 2

(Similar approaches shall be taken for proving the derivatives of sin 1 x and cos 1 x)

2. Show that

d x (a ) = (ln a )(a x ) dx x Let y = a , then ln y = x ln a

1 dy dy Differentiating both sides wrt x gives = ln a = y (ln a) y dx dx dy = (a x )(ln a ) (shown) dx ote that many other variations can surface within the examinations, where techniques like implicit differentiation, product rule or quotient rule may have to be employed. Manipulation of derivatives to achieve targeted differential equations: Example: If y = e x ln x, (a) Find
dy . dx

(b) Show that x SOLUTIO S :


dy 1 1 = e x + e x ln x = e x + y dx x x

d 2 y dy + (1 + x) y = 2e x 2 dx dx

d2y 1 1 dy = ex ex 2 + 2 dx x x dx x d2y dy 1 1 = ex ex + x = e x e x + e x + xy 2 dx dx x x d2y 1 x 2 + e x xy = 2e x dx x


x d 2 y dy + y xy = 2e x 2 dx dx d 2 y dy + (1 + x) y = 2e x (shown) 2 dx dx

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