Project File on OPERATING SYSTEM

SUBMITTED TO RAJIV GANDHI PROUDYOGIKI VISHWAVIDYALAYA, BHOPAL

IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING IN COMPUTER SCIENCE ENGINEERING

2012-13

Submitted To:

Under Guidance of:

Submitted by:

Dr. Rajendra Kushwah HOD Dept. of CSE IIITM, Gwalior

Proff. Manuj Mishra Asst. Professor Dept. of CSE IIITM, Gwalior

Shrishti Sharma 0947CS101053 BE Third Year IIITM, Gwalior

Department of Computer Science Engineering December 2012

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering CERTIFICATE (Recommendation Sheet)

This is to certify that the project work carried out and recorded in this Project Report entitled Design Development and Testing of a Water Level Controller in an over Head Tank submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement of the award of the degree of BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING in . (name of the department) at the Lakshmi Narain College of Technology, Indore affiliated to the Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalay, Bhopal is a faithful record of bona fide project work carried out by . {name of student(s) with his/her/their roll number} under my supervision and guidance. Hence this Project Report is here by recommended for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Engineering to him/ her/ them.

(..) Project guide

(..) Head Dept of ECE

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Normally it should cover only one page. Gratitude must be expressed to only those who really contributed to the work. The Managing Director must suitably be acknowledged for providing the great infrastructure of the college and unique academic environment. If finance for the project came from any funding organization {Government, semi-Govt., Govt. undertaking, or NGO} or any individual (not parents), then the concerned organization or individual MUST be acknowledged. Name of student(s) should appear at the bottom of the page. It shall contain no page number.

Name of Student: Nitish Mimrot (0820EC081067)

THE CONTENTS

It contains page number of list of tables, list of figures, list of abbreviations used, list of symbols used, list of units and list of plates (photographs) used with their page number. Their page number is given using Roman script of Roman System of numerals (i.e. I, V, X, etc). Thereafter list of different chapters and sub chapters appear with their page number. Page number of chapters and subchapters is given using constitutionally adopted Roman script of 10 symbols of Indian System of numerals (i.e. 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9). A sample of CONTENTS to be given in the Project Report or Thesis is given on the next page. It should be carefully read and used. Use of upper case (capital) and lower case (small) letters should be well understood.

Example (how to write contents): CONTENTS

Chapter Particulars List of Tables List of Figures List of Abbreviations List of symbols List of units used List of Plates I II III Introduction Review Of Literature Theoretical Considerations 3.1 3.2 IV Materials And Methods 4.1 4.2 V VI Results and Discussion Summery and Conclusions Scope of Future Work References Appendices 11 12 13 Page I II III IV V VI 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Example (how to write List of Tables):

List of Tables
S. No.
1 2

Description
Table 2.1 Data related to WLC Table 4.1 Observation table format

Page
2 7

List of Figures S. No. 1 2 Description Fig. 1.1 Torque characteristics of AC motor Fig. 6.1 Relationship between time and temperature Page 3 11

Note:
Give captions to all figures and tables. The figure captions must appear below the figures and table captions must appear above the tables. For example, number the figures in chapter 2, as Figure 2.1, Figure 2.2. Follow the same method for numbering tables. There must be a reference to each of the figures and tables in the Report. For example, Figure 3.1 shows the organization of our software. List of Figures: If Introduction Chapter contains say one figure, then its number should be given as shown below: Fig. 1.1 Torque characteristics of AC motor If Result and Discussion Chapter contains say 2 figures then they should be given as: Fig. 6.1 Relationship between time and temperature Fig. 6.2 Block diagram of the system

List of abbreviations used

Abbreviations AICTE DET

Full form All India Council of Technical Education Directorate of Technical Education

List of symbols used

Symbols % Full form per cent pie

List of Units used

Units m Full form ohm micro meter

List of Plates (photographs): Any photograph in any chapter will bear a number. The photograph must be affixed or inserted as .JPG or .JPEG and the like where ever it is required to be directly be printed on to the sheet. Number of the Plate will contain number of the chapter followed by a period and serial number of the photograph. Example: If Introduction chapter contains say two photographs then their number should be as given below. Plate 1.1 Photograph of so and so Plate 1.2 Photograph of so and so If Review of Literature chapter contains say three photographs then their number should be as given below. Plate 2.1 Photograph of so and so Plate 2.2 Photograph of so and so Plate 2.3 Photograph of so and so

Organize the report into sections and subsections. For example, number the sections in chapter 2, as 2.1, 2.2, etc. Number the sub sections as 2.1.1, 2.1.2, etc. Do not use more than three levels of number. For example do not use Sec. 2.4.1.3. Chapter number must be printed using Roman numerals for uniformity. Number of subchapters will be printed using decimal numbers. For example: Subchapter of Vth Chapter will start with number 5.1, 5.2, and the like. But Roman numerals must be printed using Times New Roman font of matching font size. Title of subchapter should be bold but sub of subchapter must be underlined.
Example:

5.1 Computer Simulation aaaaaaaaaa 5.1.1 bbbbbbbbbb General Performance

References Number all the references 1.For a book, give the name(s) of author(s), title of the book, publisher, edition and year of publication. Example of article published in an edited book: Agrwal, H. C. and Shree Pal, 1978. New design of solar pumping system, Sun. ed. F. de Winter and M. Cox. Pergamon Press, pp1884 -1888. Example of article published in a book under joint author ship (more than two authors): Sachdeva, R. C., et al., 1978. A reciprocating device using solar energy. Sun. ed. F. de Winter and M. Cox. Pergaman Press. N. Y. pp122-124. 2.For a journal/conference paper, give the name(s) of authors, title of the paper, name of journal/conference, month and year of publication, volume and issue numbers (for journal), and page numbers. Example of article published in a scientific journal: Bahadori, M. N., 1978. Solar water pumping. Solar Energy. Vol. 21, pp307-316. Garg, H. P., 1977. Solar energy for rural development. Invention Intelligence. Vol. 12, pp63-70 3.Example of article published in proceedings of a scientific conference: Wood, R. L., and E. A. Platt, 1978. Shallow solar pond powered irrigation pumping a feasibility study. Proceedings of the 1978 annual meeting of American Section of ISES Inc. August 28-31. Mc Dowel Hall, University of Delaware, New York. pp125-129 4.Example of article published by documentation center of an organization Martini, B., 1982. Sterling engines, Energy Digest, TERI, Documentation Canter, Vol. 1(11), pp1-4. 5.For a web page on the Internet, give the authors name/companys name and the URL. Include the year. Example Article referred using World Wide Web http://www.aloeverabenefits.com/Aloe-vera-and-benefits-of-antioxidants http://www.antioxidantsnow.com http://www.ehow.com/about_5087404_benefits-Aloe-vera-juice.html

CAUTION: www.google.com is no reference. It is just a search engine.

Each reference in the report must be cited in the body of the report. For example, in Chapter 2, you may say. Algorithms for optimizing the chip area are described in [3] and [4].

APPENDICES if any may be given for future use by researchers. It will bear no chapter number.

Number the appendices A, B, etc. Figures in appendices must be numbered as A.2, B.3, etc.

Other things to remember: Page setup, Font, Font size, spacing, etc. Use 1.5 spacing and 12 point Times New Roman font within the body of the report. Give 1.5 margin for the left hand side and 1 margin for the right hand side. Give 1 top and 1 bottom margins.

Use 18 point font for chapter titles, 14 point font for section titles, and 12 point font for subsection titles. Submission of Project Reports

Submit (One + Number of Students in the group) the copies.

When you submit the hard bound copy, ensure that the cover page is in BLUE color and lettering is gold embossed.
PRECAUTIONS: 1. 2. Acknowledgements shall be written in present tense. Introduction must be written in present tense, but last sentence should read as: Keeping above facts in view, a project was undertaken with following objectives. OBJECTIVES
1. 2.

3. 4.

All other chapters are to be written in past tense. Suggestion for future must be written in the tense which suits to the situation.

5. 6.

Eternal facts are always being written in present tense. CAUTION: First person singular or plural pronouns shall not be used any where in the text of the Project Report/ Thesis except for the ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. If it is required to be written, then expressions shall be presented in passive voice.

Example: I/ We conducted the experiment. The expression under quote mark shall be written simply as: The experiment was conducted. 8. There should be one page for each of such items like: list of abbreviations used, list of symbols used, and list of units used etc.

Common Errors Incorrect Acknowledgment Object 1. 2. Correct Acknowledgments Objectives

Some times the Introduction Chapter does not end with any objective. It is incorrect. Some times several conclusions are drawn in the Conclusion Chapter with no objectives given at the end of the Introduction Chapter as if the project work was under taken without any objective. It gives a very poor impression about the Project Guide. Most of the time, conclusions drawn do not synchronize with objectives laid out at the end of the Introduction Chapter. All efforts must be made to synchronize. Some times number of objectives are say 3 and number of conclusions drawn are say 5, then some conclusions must be clubbed such that they count 3. For example: 1(a), 1(b), 2(a), 2(b) and 3 or so.

HOD_ECE (Dr S.J.Basha)