Distribution Transformers

Reference Standard: IS 1180 --1989 Types of Distribution Transformers a) Non-Sealed type b) Sealed type

Non-Sealed type Distribution Transformers

Reference Standard IS 1180 (Part 1) : 1989 This standard specifies the requirements and tests for oil immersed 3- NonSealed type Distribution Transformers of ratings up to and including 100KVA and voltage class up to and including 11KV
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IS 1180 (Part 1)

: 1989

This standard covers Ratings No load voltage ratios Winding connections and vectors Tapping ranges Fittings Terminal arrangement Losses and Impedance values Tolerances
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IS 1180 (Part 1)

: 1989

Rating : KVA Rating 16, 25, 63 and 100 Frequency 50Hz System Voltage 3.3, 6.6 and 11KV Secondary Voltage 433 and 250

IS 1180 (Part 1)
Tapping

: 1989

Above 25 KVA Primary 5 2.5% and 5%

Up to and Including 25 KVA

Secondary 2 Winding tapped Number of tappings

+5%

Tappings at

IS 1180 (Part 1)

: 1989

Fittings Oil level indicator Lifting lugs Breather Drain cum sampling valve Rating and terminal marking plates

IS 1180 (Part 1)

: 1989

Clearances in mm
H.V Side
Phase to phase Phase to earth 255 140

L.V Side
75 40

IS 1180 (Part 1)
Limits

: 1989

of temperature rise : Winding 55C Top oil 45C Losses and Impedance values
Load loss (W) Rating (KVA) No load loss (W) at 75C 16 80 475 25 100 685 63 180 1235 100 260 1760
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Tests
Measurement

of winding resistance Measurement Voltage ratio and check of voltage vector relationship Measurement of impedance voltage, short circuit impedance and load loss Measurement of no-load loss and current Measurement of insulation resistance
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Tests
SSVW

test IOVW test Lightning impulse test Temperature rise test SC test Air pressure test (35KPa 30min)

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Permissible flux density and overfluxing

Bmax

1.69 Tesla No load current in terms of %of full load current

KVA Rating

At 100% rated At 112.5% voltage rated voltage 4

3.5 3 2.5

16
25 63 100

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7 6 5
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Mounting arrangements
The

under-base of all the transformers shall be provided with two 75x40mm channels 460mm long.

415mm

4152mm

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Sealed type Distribution Transformers

Reference Standard IS 1180 (Part 2) : 1989 This standard specifies the requirements and tests for oil immersed 3- Sealed type Distribution Transformers of ratings up to and including 100KVA and voltage class up to and including 11KV
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IS 1180 (Part 2)
No

: 1989

Taps No conservator Air pressure test is to be conducted at 80KPa for 30minutes.

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IS 1180 (Part 2)

: 1989

Clearances in mm
H.V Side L.V Side external

Internal external Internal

Phase to phase
Phase to earth

127 76

255 140

45 20

75 40
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Power Transformers
Reference Standards IS 2026 Part I 1977 General IS 2026 Part II 1977 Temperature Rise IS 2026 Part III 1981 Insulation Levels and Dielectric Tests IS 2026 Part IV 1977 Terminal markings, Tappings and Connections IS 2026 Part V 1994 Transformer/ Reactor Bushings- Minimum external clearance in air
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IS 2026 Part I
This standard covers Service conditions Rating Requirements to withstand Short Circuit Dimensions of Neutral Connection Tolerances Rating plates Fittings Tests
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Rating
Rated

KVA Operation at other than rated voltage: The transformer can be operated at its rated KVA at any voltage with in 10% Rated frequency: 50Hz 1.5

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TOLERANCES
Item Total Losses Component Losses Voltage ratio Impedance Voltage No-load current Tolerances +10% +15% 0.5% 10% +30

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TESTS
Measurement

of winding resistance Measurement Voltage ratio and check of voltage vector relationship Measurement of impedance voltage, short circuit impedance and load loss Measurement of no-load loss and current Measurement of insulation resistance
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TESTS
Dielectric tests Temperature rise Measurement of Zero Sequence impedance of three phase transformers Short-circuit test Measurement of acoustic Noise level Measurement of harmonics of no-load currents Measurement of power taken by fans and oil pumps

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IS 2026 Part II
This

standard covers temperature rise requirements of Power Transformers Identification according to cooling methods. Ex. ONAN,OFAF Limits of temperature rise Procedure for temperature rise test.

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Temperature rise limits for Oil Immersed Type Transformers

Part Winding Oil Temp. Rise in C 55 ONAF 60 ONWF 50 (with conservator) 45 (without conservator) Core, Should not damage core Metallic parts itself

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IS 2026 Part III

This standard specifies the requirements relating to insulation levels and Dielectric tests for Power Transformers Insulation requirements Dielectric withstand tests i.e a) Short duration power frequency withstand voltage test b) Lightning impulse withstand voltage test c) Induced Over voltage withstand Test
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Short duration power frequency withstand voltage

Voltage power frequency Lightning impulse class withstand voltage (KV) withstand voltage (KV) 1.1 3 -3.6 10 20 7.2 20 40 12 28 60 17.5 38 75 24 50 95 36 70 145 52 95 250 72.5 140 325 25

IS 2026 Part IV
This

standard covers Terminal markings, Tappings and Connections for power transformers Identifying Terminal and tapping markings a) Character b) End points of phase winding c) Line and Neutral terminals d) Marking of Tappings
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Connections
Connections

of phase windings Phase displacement between windings

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IS 2026 Part V
This

standard specifies clearances in air between live parts of bushings on oil immersed power transformer and to object at earth potential.

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Bushing clearance
Voltage class (KV) < 1.1 3.6 7.2 12 17.5 24 36 52 72.5 Minimum clearance (mm) --60 90 125 170 275 450 630

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