Mechatronic System Design
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Nor AzlanMechatronic System Design
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Nor AzlanENT 473 Mechatronic System Design Chapter 1 - Introduction to Mechatronics
Dr. Shafriza School of Mechatronic Engineering. Ext: 5205, [email protected]
Introduction
What is Mechatronics? Key elements Examples
What is Mechatronics
Integration of microprocessor control system, electrical systems and mechanical system" (Bolton, Mechatronics) The synergistic combination of precision mechanical engineering, electronic control and systems thinking in the design of products and manufacturing processes (Journal of Mechatronics)
What is Mechatronics
The interdisciplinary field of engineering dealing with the design of products whose function relies on the synergistic integration of mechanical and electronic components coordinated by a control architecture (Alciatore, D.G. and Histand, M.B.) the synergistic use of precision engineering, control theory, computer science, and sensor and actuator technology to design improved products and processes (ME Magazine)
What is Mechatronics
Defination: Synergistic integration of mechanical systems, electrical systems and microprocessor control systems.
What is Mechatronics
Examples
Digital camera Smart suspension system Airbag system etc
Purpose:
More efficient and flexible systems Intelligent system
What is Mechatronics
Main Characteristics:
Combining electronics control system and mechanical systems
What is Mechatronics
Information Systems Modeling and Simulation Automatic Control Artificial Intelligence Electromechanical Actuators Real-Time Interfacing D/A Electrical Systems Sensors A/D Computer Systems
Mechanical Systems
Key Elements
Information Systems
MECHATRONICS
Mechanical Systems Electrical Systems
Computer Systems
Devdas Setty, et.al., Mechatronics System Design
Key Elements
Information systems
Modeling and simulations
Systems
A system can be regarded as a box with input and output
Not concerned with what happens inside the box Interested only in input-output relationship
Systems
Mechatronics involves
Measurement, drive and actuation, control, microprocessor and analytical system
Measurement Systems
Made up of three elements
Sensor responds to the quantity being measured by giving as its output a signal related to the quantity Signal conditioner manipulates the output of the sensor into a condition suitable for display or use to exercise control Display output is displayed
Response of a Systems
Output is a function of time Examples:
A kettle Spring system Elevator system
System behavioral analysis
Model to relate output to input and time
Key Elements
Information systems
Modeling and simulations Control
Open Loop Systems
No feedback information
System unable to adapt to environment
Advantage: simple, low cost, reliable Example: a switch fan (manual)
Close Loop Systems
The system has feedback
The input of the system is adjusted according to the output value.
Advantage: accurate but more complex Example: air conditioner system
Basic Elements of Close Loop Systems
Comparison element
Error signal = reference value signal measured value signal Negative feedback is required to control a system Q: What about positive feedback?
Basic Elements of Close Loop Systems
Control element
Decides on what action to take when it receives an error signal Examples of control plans
switch on or off an electric switch; proportionally open or close a valve; etc.
Types of control plan
Hard-wired systems or Programmable systems
Basic Elements of Close Loop Systems
Correction element
Produces a change in the process to correct or change the control condition
Example an actuator that carry out the control action
Types of control plan
Process element
the process that is being controlled
Basic Elements of Close Loop Systems
Measurement element
produces a signal related to the variable condition of the process that is being controlled. Example: switch, thermocouple, etc.
Key Elements
Information systems
Modeling and simulations Control
Event driven or time driven or both
Key Elements
Information systems
Modeling and simulations Control
Event driven or time driven or both
Mechanical systems
Motion, actuation, fluid, heat, etc
Key Elements
Electrical systems
Power systems motor, generator Electronics resistor, capacitor, op-amp
Computer systems
Hardware and software Digital logic - flip-flops, counters, timers Micro-p, micro-c & PLC
Example Speed Control
Example Sequential Controllers
To control actions that are strictly ordered in a time or event driven sequence
Electrical circuit with set of relays
Example Sequential Controllers
To control actions that are strictly ordered in a time or event driven sequence
Electrical circuit with set of relays Cam operated switches
Example : Microcontroller (1)
To
Cam
Example : Microcontroller (2)
To
Cam
Example : Microcontroller (3)
To
Cam
