Rumus Passive Voices: Present 1. Simple Present Tense
Rumus Passive Voices: Present 1. Simple Present Tense
PRESENT 1. Simple Present Tense S + IS/AM/ARE + V 3 Contohnya: 1. I am called by the teacher 2. Mimy is bitten by a little dog 3. The house is sold by the owner. 2. Present Continuous Tense S + AM/IS/ARE + BEING + V 3 Contohnya: 1. I am being called by the teacher 2. Mimy is being bitten by a little dog 3. The house is being sold by the owner. 3. Present Perfect Tense S + HAVE/HAS + BEEN + V 3 Contohnya: 1. I have been called by the teacher 2. Mimy has been bitten by a little dog 3. The house has been sold by the owner. 4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense S + HAS/HAVE + BEEN + BEING + V 3 Contohnya: 1. I have been being called by the teacher 2. Mimy has been being bitten by a little dog 3. The house has been being sold by the owner.
PAST 1. Simple Past Tense S + WAS/WERE + V 3 Contohnya: 1. We were called by the teacher 2. Mimy was bitten by a little dog 3. The house was sold by the owner. 2. Past Continuous Tense S + WAS/WERE + BEING + V 3 Contohnya: 1. We were being called by the teacher 2. Mimy was being bitten by a little dog 3. The house was being sold by the owner. 3. Past Perfect Tense S + HAD + BEEN + V 3 Contohnya: 1. I had been called by the teacher 2. Mimy had been bitten by a little dog 3. The house had been sold by the owner. 4. Past Perfect Continuous Tense S + HAD + BEEN + BEING + V 3 Contohnya: 1. I had been being called by the teacher 2. Mimy had been being bitten by a little dog 3. The house had been being sold by the owner.
FUTURE 1. Simple Future Tense S + WILL + BE + V 3 Contohnya: 1. I will be called by the teacher 2. Mimy will be bitten by a little dog 3. The house will be sold by the owner. 2. Future Continuous Tense S + WILL + BE + BEING + V 3 Contohnya: 1. I will be being called by the teacher 2. Mimy will be being bitten by a little dog 3. The house will be being sold by the owner. 3. Future Perfect Tense S + WILL + HAVE + BEEN + V 3 Contohnya: 1. I will have been called by the teacher 2. Mimy will have been bitten by a little dog 3. The house will have been sold by the owner. 4. Future Perfect Continuous Tense S + WILL + HAVE + BEEN +BEING + V 3 Contohnya: 1. I will have been being called by the teacher 2. Mimy will have been being bitten by a little dog 3. The house will have been being sold by the owner.
Gerund
Kali ini kita akan membahas tentang GERUND. Apa sih GERUND itu? GERUNDS atau VERBALS atau VERBAL NOUNS adalah kata kerja yang berbentuk -ing yang berfungsi sebagai kata benda, misalnya swimming, eating, fishing, shopping, dancing, hunting atau smoking. Bentuk Gerund itu sama seperti Present Participle, dan keduanya merupakan bagian dari kata kerja. Bedanya, Gerund berfungsi sebagai kata benda, sedangkan Present Participle berfungsi sebagai kata sifat. Apa sih fungsi Gerund? Gerund merupakan sejenis kata benda, maka ia dapat berfungsi sebagai: 1. Subject Gerund sebagai subjek pokok kalimat, contoh: - Sleeping is necassary to life.- Your singing is very beautiful. - Studying needs time and patience. - Playing game is fun. - Smoking is not good for our health . 2. Subjective Complement Gerund sebagai pelengkap subjek dalam kalimat biasanya selalu didahului to be yang terletak di antara subject dan subjective complement, contoh: - My chief delight is dancing.- My favorite activity is reading. - My hobby is cooking. 3. Direct Object Gerund sebagai objek langsung dalam kalimat, contoh: - I enjoy studying English.- She likes traveling. - Thank you for your coming. - I hate swimming. 4. Object of Preposition Gerund sebagai objek preposisi yang terletak setelah preposisi. Preposisi yang sering dipakai adalah of, on, no, with, without, at for, after, before, because of, to, like, about, for, by, in. Contoh: - He is tired of gambling.- I am fond of eating bakso. - He insisted on seeing her. - I have no objection to hearing your story. - You will not be clever without studying. - Tuty is clever at teaching English. - In sleeping I met you in the park.
Untuk lebih jelasnya, coba kerjakan latihan di bawah ini: Supply gerund form of the verb shown in parentheses. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Did you enjoy .(travel) to Bandung last holiday? You should stop .(smoke). I am tired of ..(wait) for him. We will appreciate .(accept) your true answer. Do you mind ..(call) me after (go) home?
Complete the following sentences using gerund in your own words. For example: They are interested in .. They are interested in learning English 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Thank you for . Do you mind .. We congratulated him on They are thinking of . is necessary in my life.
Passive Voice Bahasa Indonesia: 1. Saya pergi ke pasar setiap hari 2. Saya pergi ke pasar kemarin 3. Saya pergi ke pasar besok Bahasa Inggris: 1. I go to the market 2. I went to the market 3. I will go to the market Jadi, kalau waktunya berubah maka kata kerjanya harus berubah juga. Penting sekali untuk kita ketahui kapan kegiatan itu terjadi. Jadi, dalam tenses, kuncinya ada di KATA KERJA!!! Bagaimana pembagian waktu dalam tenses itu? Pada dasarnya waktu terbagi menjadi 3: 1. 2. 3. 4. Waktu sekarang (present) Waktu lampau (past) Waktu yang akan datang (future) Sebelum mulai mempelajari tenses, sebaiknya kita memahami kata kerja dalam bahasa inggris. Kata kerja ini disebut VERB. Mengapa? Karena inti dari tenses itu ada pada sesuatu yang bernama VERB itu. Ibarat sebuah benda, Verb itulah yang otak-atik. 5. Kalau VERB-nya sudah betul, yang lain mah ikut aja he he. Di dalam bahasa Inggris, kita mengenal 2 macam VERB, yaitu REGULAR VERB (kata kerja beraturan) dan IRREGULAR VERB (kata kerja tak beraturan). Wah, apalagi iniTenang, anakanak.ini gampang kok! 6. REGULAR VERB 7. REGULAR VERB adalak kata kerja beraturan. Maksudnya? Kata-kata kerja yang mematuhi peraturan yang normal (pada umumnya yang bentuk lampaunya dibentuk dari Verb 1 (disebut juga INFINITIVE) dengan tambahan ed atau d). Pada umumnya kata kerja dibagi 3, yaitu VERB 1 (INFINITIVE), VERB 2 (PAST TENSE) dan VERB 3 (PAST PARTICIPLE). Contoh dalam REGULAR VERB adalah: 8. Verb 1(Infinitive) = add 9. Verb 2 (Past Tense) = added 10. Verb 3 (Past Participle) = added 11. Pada umumnya, untuk membentuk Verb 2 dan Verb 3 kita menambahkan ed pada Verb 1 (seperti saya contohkan di atas). Tetapi, ada kata-kata tertentu yang aturanya berbeda, yaitu: 12. 1. Jika kata tersebut berakhiran vocal (huruf hidup) , maka tambahkan d saja. Misalnya: 13. Verb 1 = advise 14. Verb 2 = advised
15. Verb 3 = advised 16. 2. Jika kata terebut berakhiran huruf y yang didahului oleh konsonan ( huruf mati), maka y diganti dengan I, lalu ditambah ed. Misalnya: 17. Verb 1 = cry 18. Verb 2 = cried 19. Verb 3 = cried 20. 3. Kalau kata tersebut berakhiran huruf mati yang didahului oleh sebuah huruf hidup, maka huruf mati yang terakhir itu digandakan, lalu ditambah ed. Misalnya: 21. Verb 1 = rob 22. Verb 2 = robbed 23. Verb 3 = robbed 24. 4. Kalau kata tersebutberakhiran huruf mati c yang didahului oleh huruf hidup, maka konsonan c itu harus diikuti oleh huruf k, baru ditambahkan ed. Misalnya: 25. Verb 1 = mimic 26. Verb 2 = mimicked 27. Verb 3 = mimicked 28. IRREGULAR VERBS 29. Irregular verbs adalah kata-kata yang dalam pembentukannya menjadi VERB 1 dan VERB 2 tidak menambahkan ed atau d, akan tetapi bentuknya sudah ada, jadi English learners tinggal menghafalkannya. Nah, sayangnya kita semua harus hafal IRREGULAR VERBS tersebut, karena kata-kata tersebut merupakan kata kerja yang kita pakai seharihari. Tapi kalau kita mau, pasti deh bisa menghafalkannya. Untuk mempelajari IRREGULAR tersebut, kita bisa mencarinya di kamus, atau buku-buku grammar. Di sini saya beri contoh salah satunya, ya? 30. Verb 1 = go 31. Verb 2 = went 32. Verb 3 = gone Aux verb terdiri dari 1. To be 2. Modals. 3. Do, Does, Did 4. Has, Have, Had. Nah sekarang bahas yg Has Have Had. Has, Have, n Had disini sebagai Aux maka artinya telah...bukan mempunyai. klo yg artinya mempunyai berarti Has, Have, Had yg fungsinya sebagai kata kerja biasa. pa Rumusnya? Klo sbg Aux, Has Have Had harus ketemu dgn Verb3 ato disebut juga past participle. HAS/HAVE/HAD+VERB3 contoh dlm kalimat positive.
1. I have done my job. 2. she has gone. 3. They Had written some novels. contoh kalimat negative. 1. I have not done my job. 2. She has not gone yet. 3. They Had not written some novels. dalam kalimat negative has/have/had disini sering diartikan "belum". Contoh dalam kalimat tanya 1. Have you done your job? 2. Has not she gone? 3. Had They written any novel? sekarang coba kita bandingkan antara Has/Have/Had sebagai aux dan sbg kata kerja biasa. aux : - I Have Had three cars = saya TELAH MEMILIKI tiga mobil Verb: - I Have three cars = saya MEMILIKI tiga mobil...