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33 Functional Equations

The document presents 24 problems involving functional equations with functions having different domains and ranges. Many of the problems involve finding all functions where a given relation is satisfied, with some problems providing extra conditions like continuity or monotonicity. The problems range from functions from rationals to rationals, functions from positive reals to positive reals, to functions from all reals to reals. Some examples of relations given are f(xy) = f(x)f(y) - f(x+y) + 1 and f(f(x)) + af(x) = b(a+b)x.

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79 views1 page

33 Functional Equations

The document presents 24 problems involving functional equations with functions having different domains and ranges. Many of the problems involve finding all functions where a given relation is satisfied, with some problems providing extra conditions like continuity or monotonicity. The problems range from functions from rationals to rationals, functions from positive reals to positive reals, to functions from all reals to reals. Some examples of relations given are f(xy) = f(x)f(y) - f(x+y) + 1 and f(f(x)) + af(x) = b(a+b)x.

Uploaded by

Jonathan Li
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Problems on Functional Equations The problem is always to nd ALL functions with the given domain and range so that

the given relation is satised; the notation f 2 () = f ()f () is used. Extra conditions on the function(s) (monotonicity, continuity), when included in the statement of the problem, help to eliminate many potential solutions. Warning. The problems can be VERY hard! I. Functions from rationals to rationals (1) f (xy) = f (x)f (y) f (x + y) + 1; (2) f (x + y) = f (x) + f (y) + xy; II. Functions from positive reals to positive reals (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) f (x)f (yf (x)) = f (x + y); f (f (x)) + af (x) = b(a + b)x (a, b 0 if it helps); f (3x) f (f (2x)) + x; f (f (x) + y) = xf (1 + xy); f 2 (x) (f (x) + y)f (x + y); f (x)f (y) = f (xy) + f (x/y), f is continuous; f (f (f (x))) + 2x = f (3x), limx+ (f (x) x) = 0;

III. Functions from reals to reals (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) (21) (22) (23) (24) f (x + y) + f (x)f (y) = f (xy) + f (x) + f (y); f (xf (x) + f (y)) = y + f 2 (x); f (f (x)) = x2 2; f (x + g(y)) = xf (y) yf (x) + g(x); f (xy) = f (x)f (y) f (x + y) + 1; f (x f (y)) = f (f (y)) + xf (y) + f (x) 1; f (x2 + y 2 + 2f (xy)) = f 2 (x + y); f ((x y)2 ) = f 2 (x) 2xf (y) + y 2 ; f (x2 y 2 ) = xf (x) yf (y); f (x2 y 2 ) = (x y)(f (x) + f (y)); f (f (x) + y) = 2x + f (f (y) x); f (x2 + f (y)) = y + f 2 (x); f (f (x y)) = f (x)f (y) f (x) + f (y) xy; f (f (x) + y) = f (x2 y) + 4yf (x); f (x + y) = f (x)f (y) c sin x sin y, c > 1; 3f (2x + 1) = f (x) + 5x, f is continuous; f (xy) = xf (y) + yf (x), f is continuous; f (x + y) = f (x) + f (y) + f (x)f (y), f is continuous; f (x)+f f (x + y) = 1+f (x)f(y) , f is continuous; (y) f (f (f (x))) = x, f is continuous; f (f (x)) 2f (x) + x = 0, f is continuous; f (x) + f 1 (x) = 2x, f is strictly increasing, f 1 is the inverse of f ; f (x + f (y)) = f (x) + y n , n = 1, 2, . . ., f is monotone; f (xf (y)) = yf (x), limx+ f (x) = 0.

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