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    Learn From The Mistakes of Others. You Can't Live Long Enough To Make Them All Yourself !

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    DrHassan Abdirahman
    The document discusses jaundice, cirrhosis of the liver, and their causes and characteristics. Jaundice can be caused by issues in the liver itself or obstruction in the bile ducts, and is classified as conjugated or unconjugated. Cirrhosis is scarring of the liver that results in loss of architecture and liver failure. It has many etiologies including alcohol, viruses, and genetic disorders. Cirrhosis leads to portal hypertension and life-threatening complications.

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    Learn From The Mistakes of Others. You Can't Live Long Enough To Make Them All Yourself !

    Uploaded by

    DrHassan Abdirahman
    19 views29 pages
    The document discusses jaundice, cirrhosis of the liver, and their causes and characteristics. Jaundice can be caused by issues in the liver itself or obstruction in the bile ducts, and is classified as conjugated or unconjugated. Cirrhosis is scarring of the liver that results in loss of architecture and liver failure. It has many etiologies including alcohol, viruses, and genetic disorders. Cirrhosis leads to portal hypertension and life-threatening complications.

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    The document discusses jaundice, cirrhosis of the liver, and their causes and characteristics. Jaundice can be caused by issues in the liver itself or obstruction in the bile ducts, and is classified as conjugated or unconjugated. Cirrhosis is scarring of the liver that results in loss of architecture and liver failure. It has many etiologies including alcohol, viruses, and genetic disorders. Cirrhosis leads to portal hypertension and life-threatening complications.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    19 views29 pages

    Learn From The Mistakes of Others. You Can't Live Long Enough To Make Them All Yourself !

    Uploaded by

    DrHassan Abdirahman
    The document discusses jaundice, cirrhosis of the liver, and their causes and characteristics. Jaundice can be caused by issues in the liver itself or obstruction in the bile ducts, and is classified as conjugated or unconjugated. Cirrhosis is scarring of the liver that results in loss of architecture and liver failure. It has many etiologies including alcohol, viruses, and genetic disorders. Cirrhosis leads to portal hypertension and life-threatening complications.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 29

    Learn from the mistakes of others. You can't live long enough to make them all yourself!

    Normal Liver

    Normal Liver Histology


    CV

    PT

    A Commitment to Excellence

    Jaundice
    Venkatesh Murthy Shashidhar
    Associate Professor of Pathology Fiji School of Medicine

    Jaundice
    Yellow discoloration of skin & sclera due to excess serum bilirubin. > 40umol/l, (3mg/dl) Not necessarily liver disease. Conjugated & Unconjugated types Obstructive & Non Obstructive Pre-Hepatic, Hepatic & Post Hepatic types.

    Bilirubin Metabolism
    Blood Conjugated & Conjugated Urine Urobilinogen Stool Stercobilin

    Jaundice

    Jaundice

    Jaundice
    Post Hepatic (Obstructive) Stone, tumor
    Conjugated/Direct Bil, High colored urine,

    Pre Hepatic (Acholuric) - Hemolytic


    Unconjugated/Indirect Bil, pale urine

    Hepatocellular Jaundice - Viral


    Liver damage - unconjugated Swelling, canalicular obstruction - Conjugated

    Conjugated & Unconjugated types.

    A Commitment to Excellence

    Cirrhosis
    Venkatesh Murthy Shashidhar
    Senior Lecturer in Pathology Fiji School of Medicine

    Definition:
    1. Diffuse fibrous scarring of liver.

    2. End result of many diseases of liver.


    3. Loss of architecture Liver failure

    4. Portal Hypertension
    1. Spleenomegaly 2. Porta-systemic shunts. 3. Ascitis

    Alcoholic Fatty Liver

    Cirrhosis

    Cirrhosis

    Fibrosis

    Regenerating Nodule

    Etiology of Cirrhosis
    Alcoholic liver disease 60-70%

    Viral hepatitis
    Biliary disease

    10%
    5-10%

    Primary hemochromatosis
    Cryptogenic cirrhosis

    5%
    10-15%

    Wilsons, 1AT def

    rare

    Pathogenesis
    Hepatocyte injury & necrosis

    Fibrous scarring
    Parenchymal regeneration (non functional)

    Loss of archetecture & Vascular disruption


    Portal hypertension Liver failure Hepatic coma.

    Pathogenesis of Hepatic Encephalopathy


    BRAIN

    Porta systemic shunts LIVER

    Toxic N2 metabolites From Intestines

    Micronodular cirrhosis

    Micronodular cirrhosis:

    Macronodular Cirrhosis

    Stone in Bile Duct

    Alcoholic Fatty Liver

    Cirrhosis Clinical Features

    Jaundice, Abdominal Striae

    Porta-systemic anastomosis: Prominent abdominal veins.

    MRI Cirrhosis

    Complications:
    Congestive splenomegaly.
    Bleeding varices. Hepatocellular failure.

    Hepatic encephalitis / hepatic coma.


    Hepatocellular carcinoma.

    Hepatocellular Carcinoma

    Conclusions:
    Common end result of diffuse liver damage.
    (common causes: Viral hepatitis & Alcohol)

    Characterised by complete loss of architecture.

    Replaced by fibrosis & regenerating parenchymal nodules.


    Hepatocellular insufficiency & portal hypertension.

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