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    Lecture21-22 SSB VSB

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    Vishal Gaur

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    Lecture21-22 SSB VSB

    Uploaded by

    Vishal Gaur
    36 views16 pages

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    Lecture21-22 Ssb Vsb

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    Lecture21-22 SSB VSB

    Uploaded by

    Vishal Gaur

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 16

    '

    Single Side Band (SSB) Modulation


    In DSB-SC it is observed that there is symmetry in the bandstructure. So, even if one half is transmitted, the other half can be recovered at the received. By doing so, the bandwidth and power of transmission is reduced by half. Depending on which half of DSB-SC signal is transmitted, there are two types of SSB modulation 1. Lower Side Band (LSB) Modulation 2. Upper Side Band (USB) Modulation

    &

    '

    M( ) Baseband signal 2 B 2 B

    DSBSC

    c
    USB

    LSB

    Figure 1: SSB signals from orignal signal & %

    '

    Mathematical Analysis of SSB modulation


    M( )

    M ( ) +

    2 B

    M ( )

    0 M ( + c )

    0 M ( c ) +

    c
    M ( )

    M ( + c ) +

    &

    Figure 2: Frequency analysis of SSB signals

    '

    From Figure 2 and the concept of the Hilbert Transform,

    U SB () = M+ ( c ) + M ( + c ) U SB (t) = m+ (t)ejc t + m (t)ejc t

    But, from complex representation of signals,

    m+ (t) = m(t) + j m(t) m (t) = m(t) j m(t)

    So, & %

    U SB (t) = m(t) cos(c t) m(t) sin(c t)

    '

    Similarly,

    LSB (t) = m(t) cos(c t) + m(t) sin(c t)

    Generation of SSB signals A SSB signal is represented by:

    SSB (t) = m(t) cos(c t) m(t) sin(c t)

    &

    '

    m(t) DSBSC

    cos( c t) /2 sin( c t)

    + +

    SSB signal

    /2

    DSBSC

    Figure 3: Generation of SSB signals As shown in Figure 3, a DSB-SC modulator is used for SSB signal generation. Coherent Demodulation of SSB signals SSB (t) is multiplied with cos(c t) and passed through low pass lter to get back the orignal signal.

    &

    ' SSB (t) cos(c t) = 1 1 m(t) [1 + cos(2c t)] m(t) sin(2c t) 2 2 1 1 1 = m(t) + cos(2c t) m(t) sin(2c t) 2 2 2

    M ( + c )

    M()

    M ( c ) +

    2 c

    2 c

    Figure 4: Demodulated SSB signal The demodulated signal is passed through an LPF to remove unwanted SSB terms. & %

    '

    Vestigial Side Band (VSB) Modulation


    The following are the drawbacks of SSB signal generation: 1. Generation of an SSB signal is dicult. 2. Selective ltering is to be done to get the original signal back. 3. Phase shifter should be exactly tuned to 900 . To overcome these drawbacks, VSB modulation is used. It can viewed as a compromise between SSB and DSB-SC. Figure 5 shows all the three modulation schemes.

    &

    '

    VSB

    ()

    Figure 5: VSB Modulation In VSB 1. One sideband is not rejected fully. 2. One sideband is transmitted fully and a small part (vestige) of the other sideband is transmitted. The transmission BW is BWv = B + v. where, v is the vestigial frequency band. The generation of VSB signal is shown in Figure 6 &

    '

    m(t) H ()
    i

    VSB

    ( t)

    cos( t)
    c

    Figure 6: Block Diagram - Generation of VSB signal Here, Hi () is a lter which shapes the other sideband.

    V SB () = [M ( c ) + M ( + c )] .Hi ()

    &

    To recover the original signal from the VSB signal, the VSB signal is multiplied with cos(c t) and passed through an LPF such that original signal is recovered.

    '

    VSB

    $
    ( t) LPF H () 0 cos( c t) m(t)

    Figure 7: Block Diagram - Demodulation of VSB signal From Figure 6 and Figure 7, the criterion to choose LPF is:

    M () = [V SB ( + c ) + V SB ( c )] .H0 () = [Hi ( + c ) + Hi ( c )] .M ().H0 () = H0 () = & 1 Hi ( + c ) + Hi ( c ) %

    '

    Appendix: The Hilbert Transform

    The Hilbert Transform on a signal changes its phase by 900 . The Hilbert transform of a signal g(t) is represented as g (t).

    g (t) =

    g( ) d t g ( ) t d

    1 g(t) =

    &

    We, say g(t) and g (t) constitute a Hilbert Transform pair. If we observe the above equations, it is evident that Hilbert transform is 1 nothing but the convolution of g(t) with t . The Fourier Transform of g (t) is computed from signum function sgn(t).

    '

    2 sgn(t) j 1 jsgn() = t

    Where,

    Since, g (t) = g(t)

    1 t ,

    1, >0 sgn() = 0, =0 1, < 0

    &

    G() = G() jsgn()

    ' Properties of Hilbert Transform 1. g(t) and g (t) have the same magnitude spectrum. 2. If g (t) is HT of g(t) then HT of g (t) is g(t). 3. g(t) and g (t) are orthogonal over the entire interval to +.
    +

    g(t)(t) dt = 0 g

    Complex representation of signals If g(t) is a real valued signal, then its complex representation g+ (t) is given by & %

    ' g+ (t) G+ () Therefore, 2G(), > 0 G(0), 0, = g(t) + j(t) g = G() + sgn()G()

    G+ () =

    =0 <0

    g+ (t) is called pre-evelope and exists only for positive frequencies. For negative frequencies g (t) is dened as follows:

    g (t) & G ()

    = g(t) j(t) g = G() sgn()G() %

    '

    Therefore,

    2G(), G () = G(0), 0,

    <0 =0 >0

    Essentially the pre-envelope of a signal enables the suppression of one of the sidebands in signal transmission. The pre-envelope is used in the generation of the SSB-signal.

    &

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