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    ch18-SLIDE - (2) Data Communications and Networking by Behrouz A.Forouzan

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    ch18-SLIDE - (2) Data Communications and Networking by Behrouz A.Forouzan

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    [2]Data Communications and Networking By Behrouz A.Forouzan-SLIDE-

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    ch18-SLIDE-[2]Data Communications and Networking By Behrouz A.Forouzan

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    [2]Data Communications and Networking By Behrouz A.Forouzan-SLIDE-

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    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    3K views38 pages

    ch18-SLIDE - (2) Data Communications and Networking by Behrouz A.Forouzan

    Uploaded by

    XP2009
    [2]Data Communications and Networking By Behrouz A.Forouzan-SLIDE-

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    You are on page 1of 38

    Chapter 18

    Virtual-Circuit Networks: Frame Relay and ATM

    18.1

    Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

    18-1 FRAME RELAY


    Frame Relay is a virtual-circuit wide-area network that was designed in response to demands for a new type of WAN in the late 1980s and early 1990s.

    Topics discussed in this section:


    Architecture Frame Relay Layers Extended Address FRADs VOFR LMI
    18.2

    Figure 18.1 Frame Relay network

    18.3

    Note

    VCIs in Frame Relay are called DLCIs.

    18.4

    Figure 18.2 Frame Relay layers

    18.5

    Note

    Frame Relay operates only at the physical and data link layers.

    18.6

    Figure 18.3 Frame Relay frame

    18.7

    Note

    Frame Relay does not provide flow or error control; they must be provided by the upper-layer protocols.

    18.8

    Figure 18.4 Three address formats

    18.9

    Figure 18.5 FRAD

    18.10

    18-2 ATM
    Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) is the cell relay protocol designed by the ATM Forum and adopted by the ITU-T.

    Topics discussed in this section:


    Design Goals Problems Architecture Switching ATM Layers
    18.11

    Figure 18.6 Multiplexing using different frame sizes

    18.12

    Note

    A cell network uses the cell as the basic unit of data exchange. A cell is defined as a small, fixed-size block of information.

    18.13

    Figure 18.7 Multiplexing using cells

    18.14

    Figure 18.8 ATM multiplexing

    18.15

    Figure 18.9 Architecture of an ATM network

    18.16

    Figure 18.10 TP, VPs, and VCs

    18.17

    Figure 18.11 Example of VPs and VCs

    18.18

    Note

    Note that a virtual connection is defined by a pair of numbers: the VPI and the VCI.

    18.19

    Figure 18.12 Connection identifiers

    18.20

    Figure 18.13 Virtual connection identifiers in UNIs and NNIs

    18.21

    Figure 18.14 An ATM cell

    18.22

    Figure 18.15 Routing with a switch

    18.23

    Figure 18.16 ATM layers

    18.24

    Figure 18.17 ATM layers in endpoint devices and switches

    18.25

    Figure 18.18 ATM layer

    18.26

    Figure 18.19 ATM headers

    18.27

    Figure 18.20 AAL1

    18.28

    Figure 18.21 AAL2

    18.29

    Figure 18.22 AAL3/4

    18.30

    Figure 18.23 AAL5

    18.31

    18-3 ATM LANs


    ATM is mainly a wide-area network (WAN ATM); however, the technology can be adapted to local-area networks (ATM LANs). The high data rate of the technology has attracted the attention of designers who are looking for greater and greater speeds in LANs. Topics discussed in this section:
    ATM LAN Architecture LAN Emulation (LANE) Client/Server Model Mixed Architecture with Client/Server
    18.32

    Figure 18.24 ATM LANs

    18.33

    Figure 18.25 Pure ATM LAN

    18.34

    Figure 18.26 Legacy ATM LAN

    18.35

    Figure 18.27 Mixed architecture ATM LAN

    18.36

    Figure 18.28 Client and servers in a LANE

    18.37

    Figure 18.29 Client and servers in a LANE

    18.38

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