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Total Physical Response

Total Physical Response is a language learning method developed by James Asher that links speech and physical action based on the theory that memory is strengthened through frequent or intense tracing of connections. The key principles are that second language learning parallels first language acquisition through naturalistic processes, listening precedes speaking, and adults learn better by physically responding to language as children do. The objectives are to teach beginning oral proficiency through comprehension-based speaking exercises and action-based drills using imperative commands.

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Mostaq Ahmed
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231 views1 page

Total Physical Response

Total Physical Response is a language learning method developed by James Asher that links speech and physical action based on the theory that memory is strengthened through frequent or intense tracing of connections. The key principles are that second language learning parallels first language acquisition through naturalistic processes, listening precedes speaking, and adults learn better by physically responding to language as children do. The objectives are to teach beginning oral proficiency through comprehension-based speaking exercises and action-based drills using imperative commands.

Uploaded by

Mostaq Ahmed
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Total Physical Response

Introduction Total Physical Response is a language learning method based on the coordination of speech and action. It was developed by James Asher, a professor of psychology at San Jose State University, California. It is linked to the trace theory of memory, which holds that the more often or intensively a memory connection is traced, the stronger the memory will be. Approach Theory of language Asher does not directly address his view of language, but Richards and Rodgers state that the labeling and ordering of classroom activities seem to be build on the structural view of language. Theory of learning Asher's language learning theories seem similar to those of other behavioral psychologists. There are three principles he elaborates;

Second language learning is parallel to first language learning and should reflect the same naturalistic processes Listening should develop before speaking Children respond physically to spoken language, and adult learners learn better if they do that too Once listening comprehension has been developed, speech develops naturally and effortlessly out of it. Adults should use right-brain motor activities, while the left hemisphere watches and learns Delaying speech reduces stress.

Design Objectives Here are some of the objectives of Total Physical Response

Teaching oral proficiency at a beginning level Using comprehension as a means to speaking Using action-based drills in the imperative form

The syllabus TPR uses a sentence-based grammatical syllabus. Types of learning techniques and activities Activities where a command is given in the imperative and the students obey the command is the main activity in TPR. Procedure Asher gives step-by step accounts of how to use TPR for English or other languages. See: Asher 1982

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