The teams getting this right do four things consistently:
They catalog everything. Not just services, but owners, docs, health metrics, cost data. All searchable, all in one place. Backstage is great for this, but the specific tool matters less than the commitment to making information findable.
They make standards executable. Instead of hoping people read the security guidelines, they bake them into CI/CD. Policies become code that runs automatically and leaves an audit trail. Much harder to ignore a failing pipeline than a Slack reminder.
They productize their knowledge. This is the big one. Take that complex, error-prone workflow that only two people really understand and turn it into a golden path that anyone can follow. Start small. Maybe it's just a better way to set up CI/CD, but treat it like a product with real users and feedback loops.
They keep Git sacred. Discovery happens in the portal, but changes flow through Git. Period. Whether you go with one big monorepo or team-owned repos doesn't matter as much as consistency and reviewability.