Formulation and Evaluation of Xanthan Gum Microspheres for the Sustained Release of Metformin Hydrochloride

Madiha Melha Yahoum; Selma Toumi; Hichem Tahraoui; Sonia Lefnaoui; Mohammed Kebir; Abdeltif Amrane; Aymen Amin Assadi; Jie Zhang; Lotfi Mouni

doi:10.3390/mi14030609

Formulation and Evaluation of Xanthan Gum Microspheres for the Sustained Release of Metformin Hydrochloride

Micromachines (Basel). 2023 Mar 6;14(3):609. doi: 10.3390/mi14030609.

Authors

Madiha Melha Yahoum¹, Selma Toumi², Hichem Tahraoui^{3

4}, Sonia Lefnaoui⁵, Mohammed Kebir⁶, Abdeltif Amrane⁷, Aymen Amin Assadi^{7

8}, Jie Zhang⁹, Lotfi Mouni¹⁰

Affiliations

¹ Materials and Environmental Laboratory (LME), University of Medea, Nouveau Pole Urbain, Medea 26000, Algeria.
² Faculty of Sciences, University of Medea, Nouveau Pole Urbain, Medea 26000, Algeria.
³ Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés Chimiques, Department of Process Engineering, University of Ferhat Abbas, Sétif 19000, Algeria.
⁴ Laboratory of Biomaterials and Transport Phenomena (LBMTP), University Yahia Fares, Médéa 26000, Algeria.
⁵ Laboratory of Experimental Biology and Pharmacolgy, University of Medea, Nouveau Pole Urbain, Medea 26000, Algeria.
⁶ Research Unit on Analysis and Tecshnological Development in Environment (URADTE-CRAPC), MB 384, Tipaza 42000, Algeria.
⁷ National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), National School of Chemistry of Rennes, University of Rennes, ISCR-UMR6226, F-35000 Rennes, France.
⁸ College of Engineering, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, IMSIU, Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia.
⁹ School of Engineering, Merz Court, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK.
¹⁰ Laboratory of Management and Valorization of Natural Resources and Quality Assurance, SNVST Faculty, Akli Mohand Oulhadj University, Bouira 10000, Algeria.

Abstract

This work aimed to formulate xanthan gum microspheres for the encapsulation of metformin hydrochloride, according to the process of ionotropic gelation. The obtained microparticles, based on various fractions of xanthan gum (0.5-1.25), were subjected to different physico-chemical tests and a drug release study. Microspheres with an average size varying between 110.96 μm and 208.27 μm were obtained. Encapsulation efficiency reached 93.11% at a 1.25% biopolymer concentration. The swelling study showed a swelling rate reaching 29.8% in the gastric medium (pH 1.2) and 360% in the intestinal medium (pH 6.8). The drug release studies showed complete metformin hydrochloride release from the beads, especially those prepared from xanthan gum at the concentration of 1.25%, in intestinal medium at 90.00% after 6 h. However, limited and insignificant drug release was observed within the gastric medium (32.50%). The dissolution profiles showed sustained release kinetics.

Keywords: encapsulation; extended release; gelling; metformin chloride; xanthan gum.

Grants and funding

This research received no external funding.