Pseudocitrobacter anthropi reduces heavy metal uptake and improves phytohormones and antioxidant system in Glycine max L

World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2021 Oct 15;37(11):195. doi: 10.1007/s11274-021-03156-6.

Abstract

Heavy metal contamination due to anthropogenic activities is a great threat to modern humanity. A novel and natural technique of bioremediation using microbes for detoxification of heavy metals while improving plants' growth is the call of the day. In this study, exposing soybean plants to different concentrations (i.e., 10 and 50 ppm) of chromium and arsenic showed a severe reduction in agronomic attributes, higher reactive oxygen species production, and disruption in the antioxidant system. Contrarily, rhizobacterial isolate C18 inoculation not only rescued host growth, but also improved the production of nonenzymatic antioxidants (i.e., flavonoids, phenolic, and proline contents) and enzymatic antioxidants i.e., catalases, ascorbic acid oxidase, peroxidase activity, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, lower reactive oxygen species accumulation in leaves. Thereby, lowering secondary oxidative stress and subsequent damage. The strain was identified using 16 S rDNA sequencing and was identified as Pseudocitrobacter anthropi. Additionally, the strain can endure metals up to 1200 ppm and efficient in detoxifying the effect of chromium and arsenic by regulating phytohormones (IAA 59.02 µg/mL and GA 101.88 nM/mL) and solubilizing inorganic phosphates, making them excellent phytostimulant, biofertilizers, and heavy metal bio-remediating agent.

Keywords: Arsenic; Bio reduction; Bioremediation; Hexavalent chromium; PGPR; Root exudates.

MeSH terms

  • Antioxidants / metabolism*
  • Arsenic / metabolism
  • Arsenic / toxicity
  • Biodegradation, Environmental
  • Chromium / metabolism
  • Chromium / toxicity
  • Enterobacteriaceae / drug effects
  • Enterobacteriaceae / growth & development
  • Enterobacteriaceae / isolation & purification
  • Enterobacteriaceae / metabolism*
  • Glycine max / growth & development
  • Glycine max / metabolism*
  • Glycine max / microbiology*
  • Indoleacetic Acids / metabolism
  • Metabolome
  • Metals, Heavy / metabolism*
  • Metals, Heavy / toxicity
  • Oxidation-Reduction
  • Oxidative Stress
  • Phosphates / metabolism
  • Plant Growth Regulators / metabolism*
  • Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism
  • Rhizosphere
  • Soil Pollutants / metabolism
  • Soil Pollutants / toxicity

Substances

  • Antioxidants
  • Indoleacetic Acids
  • Metals, Heavy
  • Phosphates
  • Plant Growth Regulators
  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • Soil Pollutants
  • Chromium
  • chromium hexavalent ion
  • indoleacetic acid
  • Arsenic

Supplementary concepts

  • Pseudocitrobacter faecalis