Quality of life and anterior resection syndrome after surgery for mid to low rectal cancer: A cross-sectional study

Eur J Surg Oncol. 2018 Jul;44(7):1031-1039. doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2018.03.025. Epub 2018 Apr 4.

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to analyze the quality of life (QoL), low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) and fecal incontinence after surgery for mid to low rectal cancer and its relationship with the type of surgical procedure performed.

Methods: A cross-sectional cohort survey study of 358 patients operated on for mid to low rectal cancer. Patients were included in three groups: abdominoperineal resection (APR), low mechanical colorectal anastomosis (CRA) and hand-sewn coloanal anastomosis (CAA). The QLQ-C30/CR29 questionnaires, LARS and Vaizey scores were used to study QoL and defecatory dysfunction. Multivariable analysis was used to estimate the prognostic effect of the variables on QoL and LARS scores.

Results: 62.6% of the patients answered the survey. The global QoL score was similar among APR, CRA and CAA. Patients' body image perception was significantly worse after APR than after CRA or CAA. LARS score was better in CRA group (p = 0.002). A major LARS was observed in 83.3% of the patients who underwent CAA and in 56.6% of the patients who underwent CRA. No relationship between surgical procedures and the global QoL score was observed. Neoadjuvant radiotherapy (p = 0.048) and CAA (p = 0.005) were associated with a major LARS. The Vaizey score was higher for CAA than for CRA (p = 0.036).

Conclusions: Though CAA group presents worse LARS and higher faecal incontinence scores respect CRA patients, and APR is related with a worse body image, global QoL was similar in the three groups.

Keywords: Abdominoperineal resection; Low anterior resection syndrome; Quality of life; Rectal cancer; Sphinteric saving surgery.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Anal Canal
  • Anastomosis, Surgical / methods*
  • Body Image / psychology
  • Cohort Studies
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Digestive System Surgical Procedures / methods*
  • Fecal Incontinence / epidemiology*
  • Fecal Incontinence / physiopathology
  • Fecal Incontinence / psychology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Ileostomy
  • Linear Models
  • Male
  • Mesentery / surgery*
  • Middle Aged
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Neoadjuvant Therapy / statistics & numerical data
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Organ Sparing Treatments
  • Perineum / surgery
  • Postoperative Complications / epidemiology*
  • Postoperative Complications / physiopathology
  • Postoperative Complications / psychology
  • Quality of Life*
  • Radiotherapy / statistics & numerical data
  • Rectal Neoplasms / pathology
  • Rectal Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Rectum / surgery*
  • Risk Factors
  • Sex Factors
  • Spain
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Syndrome
  • Young Adult