The effects of feed restriction on plasma biochemistry in growing meat type chickens (Gallus gallus)

Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol. 2006 Nov;145(3):363-71. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2006.07.004. Epub 2006 Jul 18.

Abstract

The effect of feed restriction on plasma hormones (triiodothyronine - T(3), thyroxine - T(4), and corticosterone), protein, lipid, carbohydrate, and mineral metabolism and activity of plasma enzymes (creatine kinase, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase) were studied in meat type female chickens (Gallus gallus). Ad libitum fed birds were compared with those subjected to severe and moderate quantitative feed restriction from 16 to 100 days of age. Feed restriction elevated plasma T(4) and corticosterone levels and reduced T(3). A feed restriction-induced decrease was observed for plasma protein and albumin concentrations, but not for uric acid and creatinine. Total plasma lipids, triacylglycerols, cholesterol, high density lipids, and calcium were lower for the feed restricted chickens, in particular during the latter phase of the experiment. Concentrations of glucose and phosphorus were not altered by feeding treatment. Activity of alkaline phosphatase was significantly increased in restricted chicks from day 58. Significant changes of plasma biochemical parameters induced by severe and moderate quantitative feed restriction illustrate that limiting feed intake poses an intensive stress on meat type chickens during the rapid growth period. However, activities of creatine kinase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase were significantly higher in ad libitum fed chickens during this period. This elevation in enzymatic activity may be in response to tissue damage, indicating potential health and welfare problems also in ad libitum fed meat type chickens, resulting from selection for intensive growth.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animal Feed
  • Animals
  • Chickens / blood
  • Chickens / growth & development
  • Chickens / physiology*
  • Corticosterone / blood
  • Creatine Kinase / blood
  • Creatinine / blood
  • Female
  • Food Deprivation*
  • Random Allocation
  • Serum Albumin
  • Thyroxine / blood
  • Triiodothyronine / blood
  • Uric Acid / blood

Substances

  • Serum Albumin
  • Triiodothyronine
  • Uric Acid
  • Creatinine
  • Creatine Kinase
  • Thyroxine
  • Corticosterone