New Insights into Hepatic and Intestinal Microcirculation and Pulmonary Inflammation in a Model of Septic Shock and Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in the Rat
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Intestinal and Hepatic Microcirculation
2.2. Hemodynamic Parameters
2.3. Blood Gas Analysis
2.4. Inflammatory Parameters
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Animals
4.2. Induction and Maintenance of Anesthesia
4.3. Cannulation and Abdominal Laparotomy
4.4. Induction of Septic Shock
4.5. Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
4.6. Intestinal Microcirculation
4.7. Timepoints of Hemodynamic Measurements
4.8. Blood Analysis
4.9. End of Experiments
4.10. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays
4.11. Statistics
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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0 Min | 30 Min | 60 Min | 90 Min | 120 Min | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SaO2 * | sham | 100 [99–100] | 97 [96–98] | 95 [94–96] | 94 [92–95] | 93 [92–95] |
[%] | ECMO | 100 [99–100] | 100 [99–100] | 98 [96–99] | 96 [93–99] | 94 [91–99] |
ScvO2 | sham | 80 [77–85] | 80 [74–86] | 74 [69–79] | 74 [70–75] | 69 [64–71] |
[%] | ECMO | 72 [71–75] | 78 [77–81] | 74 [67–81] | 73 [67–78] | 63 [57–69] |
pO2 | sham | 130 [115–140] | 108 [106–120] | 106 [96–110] | 98 [90–100] | 87 [79–94] |
[mmHg] | ECMO | 141 [130–148] | 109 [103–126] | 93 [83–107] | 86 [71–104] | 75 [62–87] |
pCO2 *** | sham | 44 [42–46] | 58 [52–61] | 60 [57–65] | 61 [55–66] | 60 [55–67] |
[mmHg] | ECMO | 44 [43–49] | 39 [37–43] | 40 [39–44] | 43 [42–46] | 37 [36–45] |
pH *** | sham | 7.37 [7.33–7.39] | 7.25 [7.23–7.28] | 7.21 [7.19–7.23] | 7.23 [7.20–7.26] | 7.25 [7.22–7.27] |
ECMO | 7.36 [7.32–7.38] | 7.41 [7.38–7.43] | 7.38 [7.35–7.43] | 7.38 [7.34–7.39] | 7.44 [7.38–7.47] | |
Bic *** | sham | 23.7 [22.8–25.0] | 21.2 [20.5–22.1] | 20.4 [19.2–21.0] | 21.4 [20.3–22.7] | 22.8 [21.9–23.3] |
[mmol/L] | ECMO | 24.2 [23.0–25.1] | 24.8 [23.9–25.9] | 24.1 [23.3–25.9] | 24.7 [22.5–25.2] | 25.6 [24.9–27.1] |
BE *** | sham | −1.0 [−2.0–0.7] | −3.9 [−4.8–−2.7] | −4.8 [−6.5–−4.2] | −3.5 [−4.9–−2.0] | −1.8 [−2.9–−1.2] |
ECMO | −0.4 [−1.8–0.7] | 0.5 [−0.7–1.7] | −0.5 [−1.3–1.6] | 0.4 [−2.3–0.9] | 1.5 [0.6–3.1] | |
Lac | sham | 1.3 [1.1–1.5] | 1.9 [1.8–2.1] | 2.1 [1.8–2.8] | 1.6 [1.4–2.2] | 1.2 [1.0–1.7] |
[mmol/L] | ECMO | 1.4 [1.2–1.6] | 1.9 [1.7–2.1] | 2.6 [2.2–2.8] | 1.9 [1.7–2.4] | 1.3 [1.2–1.6] |
Hb *** | sham | 15.1 [15.0–15.5] | 13.5 [13.2–13.9] | 12.8 [12.3–13.3] | 11.6 [11.2–11.9] | 11.1 [10.3–11.5] |
[mg/dL] | ECMO | 15.2 [14.6–15.6] | 8.8 [8.5–9.0] | 8.4 [8.2–8.6] | 7.6 [7.4–8.0] | 7.3 [7.2–7.6] |
Hct *** | sham | 46.4 [46.0–47.4] | 41.5 [40.6–42.6] | 39.1 [37.9–41.0] | 35.8 [34.6–36.6] | 34.1 [31.8–35.4] |
[%] | ECMO | 46.4 [44.7–47.9] | 27.3 [26.4–28.1] | 26.0 [25.4–26.6] | 23.7 [22.9–25.0] | 22.6 [22.3–23.5] |
Glu * | sham | 163 [157–171] | 213 [181–231] | 184 [166–223] | 147 [132–160] | 138 [120–150] |
[mg/dL] | ECMO | 161 [154–171] | 178 [174–185] | 171 [161–176] | 133 [115–143] | 131 [128–135] |
Na | sham | 141 [141–142] | 143 [142–143] | 143 [143–144] | 144 [142–145] | 144 [143–144] |
[mmol/L] | ECMO | 142 [141–143] | 143 [142–144] | 144 [143–144] | 144 [144–146] | 144 [144–144] |
K ** | sham | 4.5 [4.5–4.7] | 3.9 [3.8–4.2] | 3.9 [3.7–3.9] | 4.2 [ 4.0–4.4] | 4.6 [4.4–4.8] |
[mmol/L] | ECMO | 4.3 [4.3–4.4] | 4.0 [3.9–4.0] | 3.6 [3.5–3.6] | 3.8 [3.7–3.9] | 4.1 [4.0–4.2] |
Cl * | sham | 109 [108–110] | 110 [109–111] | 111 [110–112] | 111 [111–113] | 112 [111–114] |
[mmol/L] | ECMO | 109 [108–109] | 111 [110–113] | 113 [112–114] | 113 [113–115] | 114 [113–114] |
Ca * | sham | 1.51 [1.50–1.53] | 1.47 [1.45–1.49] | 1.46 [1.45–1.50] | 1.46 [1.40–1.48] | 1.43 [1.41–1.44] |
[mmol/L] | ECMO | 1.50 [1.48–1.56] | 1.45 [1.44–1.47] | 1.42 [1.37–1.45] | 1.43 [1.38–1.46] | 1.41 [1.38–1.42] |
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Edinger, F.; Zajonz, T.; Holtz, L.; Schmidt, G.; Schneck, E.; Sander, M.; Koch, C. New Insights into Hepatic and Intestinal Microcirculation and Pulmonary Inflammation in a Model of Septic Shock and Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in the Rat. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 6621. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25126621
Edinger F, Zajonz T, Holtz L, Schmidt G, Schneck E, Sander M, Koch C. New Insights into Hepatic and Intestinal Microcirculation and Pulmonary Inflammation in a Model of Septic Shock and Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in the Rat. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(12):6621. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25126621
Chicago/Turabian StyleEdinger, Fabian, Thomas Zajonz, Lena Holtz, Götz Schmidt, Emmanuel Schneck, Michael Sander, and Christian Koch. 2024. "New Insights into Hepatic and Intestinal Microcirculation and Pulmonary Inflammation in a Model of Septic Shock and Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in the Rat" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 12: 6621. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25126621