#EcoSaludGlobal Detection of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia bacteria in humans, wildlife, and ticks in the #Amazon rainforest. Tick-borne bacteria of the genera #Ehrlichia and #Anaplasma cause several emerging human infectious diseases worldwide. In this study, we conduct an extensive survey for Ehrlichia and Anaplasma infections in the rainforests of the Amazon biome of French Guiana. Through molecular genetics and metagenomics reconstruction, we observe a high indigenous biodiversity of infections circulating among humans, wildlife, and ticks inhabiting these #ecosystems. #Molecular typing identifies these infections as highly endemic, with a majority of new strains and putative species specific to French Guiana. They are detected in unusual rainforest wild animals, suggesting they have distinctive sylvatic transmission cycles. They also present potential health hazards, as revealed by the detection of Candidatus Anaplasma sparouinense in human red blood cells and that of a new close relative of the human pathogen Ehrlichia ewingii, Candidatus Ehrlichia cajennense, in the tick species that most frequently bite humans in South America. The #genome assembly of three new putative species obtained from human, sloth, and tick metagenomes further reveals the presence of major homologs of Ehrlichia and Anaplasma virulence factors. These observations converge to classify health hazards associated with Ehrlichia and Anaplasma infections in the Amazon biome as distinct from those in the Northern Hemisphere.
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#editorchoice 👉 Title: #Helminths in Invasive Raccoons (Procyon lotor) from Southwest Germany 👨🎓 by Nico P. Reinhardt et al. 🔗 Link: https://lnkd.in/ggKyaRHW 🎯 Article Views: 1904; Citations: 4 As hosts of numerous zoonotic pathogens, the role of raccoons needs to be considered in the #OneHealth context. Raccoons progressively expand their range as invasive alien species in Europe. This study aimed to investigate the intestinal helminth fauna of raccoons in Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany, as no such screening had ever been conducted there. In total, we obtained 102 animals from hunters in 2019 and 2020. Intestinal helminths were retrieved using the SSCT (segmented sedimentation and counting technique) and identified morphologically and by PCR-based Sanger sequencing. Fecal samples were assessed using the ELISA PetChekTM IP assay (IDEXX, Germany) and flotation technique. The artificial digestion method was employed for analyzing muscle tissue. We detected species of four #nematode genera (#Baylisascaris procyonis, Toxocara canis, Capillaria spp., and Trichuris spp.), three #cestode genera (Atriotaenia cf. incisa/procyonis, Taenia martis, and Mesocestoides spp.), and three #trematode genera (Isthmiophora hortensis/melis, Plagiorchis muris, and Brachylaima spp.). Echinococcus spp. and Trichinella spp. were not found. The invasive behavior and synanthropic habits of raccoons may increase the infection risk with these helminths in wildlife, domestic and zoo animals, and humans by serving as a connecting link. Therefore, it is crucial to initiate additional studies assessing these risks. #OpenAccess
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This article brings up the overlooked need to also understand and look at the spillover of viruses from humans to other animals, not just the other way around
Woe!! Did You Know? While spillover of viruses from animals to people is a longstanding concern, University College London researchers have found humans pass 2X as many viruses to animals. The evolutionary drivers and correlates of viral host jumps, Tan, C.C.S., van Dorp, L. & Balloux, F. Nat Ecol Evol (2024). https://lnkd.in/eF3y5g42
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“It’s surreal and horrific. You swim through piles of dead sea urchins that until days ago were significant components of the reef.” ... first reports of mass urchin mortality ... came from the Caribbean Sea. Investigators pinned it on a single-celled pathogen from a family of organisms never before known to kill urchins. Now, as Bronstein and his colleagues reported last week in Current Biology, the same pathogen is killing other urchin species in the Gulf of Aqaba and beyond, suggesting the disease is spreading around the world at astonishing speed. ... When the disease first broke out in the Caribbean, “we were scratching our heads,” says Ian Hewson, an oceanographer at Cornell University who has studied diseases in sea stars and other marine animals. Genetic analyses of diseased urchins didn’t yield any obvious viral or bacterial pathogens. But after Hewson and his colleagues turned their attention to other microorganisms, they identified the culprit: a scuticociliate, a single-celled animal with hairlike appendages called cilia and a track record of causing diseases in sharks, fishes, and crustaceans. “To the best of our knowledge, ciliates have never been observed in association with urchin diseases elsewhere,” Hewson and his colleagues wrote in a Science Advances paper published last year. The team noted that it wasn’t clear whether the pathogen was new to the region, or if it had been there previously and was somehow “influenced by prevailing conditions to cause mass mortality.” ... The Caribbean offers a preview of the possible result: Forty years before the 2022 outbreak, a still-unknown disease leveled the region’s urchins. Deprived of a primary herbivore, the reefs succumbed to algal overgrowth and never fully recovered. Since the more recent urchin die-off, anecdotal reports suggest algae have grown denser in the region again, Hewson says, although he isn’t aware of any scientific studies documenting that. If the same ecosystem shift were to occur around the world, the impacts to both reefs and the coastal communities that depend on them for livelihood could be massive, especially given the stress many reef ecosystems already face from overfishing and bleaching because of rising sea temperatures. “Urchins are critical components of benthic ecosystems, and there are pretty tight tipping points: We don’t want too many or too few,” Harvell says."
Mysterious sea urchin plague is spreading through the world’s oceans
science.org
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More than happy to share a recently published work together with my goοd friend Laura Blanco Sierra from CEAB-CSIC, after our great collaboration at Insect Biology Lab - University of Thessaly. Aedes albopictus is an important vector of diseases, adding pressure to public health. Through this work we tested effects of different water salinity ratios on immatures and adults of the Asian tiger mosquito. We observed development and survival of immatures and adult lifespan. We proved that Aedes albopictus can effectively survive and develop in brackish waters and reveal that salinity stress during the immature development does not affect adult performance. Our results are rising concerns for future expansion of this species through new habitats, threatening public health, highlighting the need to improve prediction models used in mosquito management. #mosquitoes #mosquitocontrol https://lnkd.in/d5tgFU9s
Effect of water salinity on immature performance and lifespan of adult Asian tiger mosquito - Parasites & Vectors
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Supporting our customer's research and helping them make new discoveries is a real privilege. Knowing how hard our customers work to produce impactful research means that we will never take short cuts where quality is concerned. We use the best technology and stringent QC procedures to give you high quality data that we are proud to put our name on. This week's research story comes from our customer Dr Sreejith Radhakrishnan of Dr Taya Forde's group at University of Glasgow. "The bacterium Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae (ER) has increasingly been isolated from widespread mortality events in muskox (Ovibos moschatus) populations in the Canadian Arctic undergoing a demographic decline. In this study, nearly 150 isolates were cultured from tissue samples collected through historic and ongoing sampling efforts (2010 – 2022) across the Canadian Arctic, comprising samples from across several islands, multiple host species, as well as from within individual carcasses. A custom bioinformatics pipeline was developed to call high-quality single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from whole genome sequences of isolates of the dominant Arctic clone of ER. Phylogenomic analyses of these SNP differences highlight a pattern of spread of the Arctic clone between islands that match the timelines of outbreaks, raising the possibility of wide ranging reservoir host species such as Arctic foxes or marine mammals in facilitating bacterial spread". Learn more here: https://lnkd.in/eqSjEjcG #customerdiscoveries #research #microbialgenomics #customerstories
Arctic Emerging Infectious Diseases - CINUK
cinuk.org
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History of research on Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Europe: approaching the world’s most invasive mosquito species from a bibliometric perspective
History of research on Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Europe: approaching the world’s most invasive mosquito species from a bibliometric perspective - Parasitology Research
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Habitat degradation and loss of genetic diversity are common threats faced by almost all of today’s wild cats. Big cats, such as tigers and lions, are of great concern and have received considerable conservation attention through policies and international actions. However, knowledge of and conservation actions for small wild cats are lagging considerably behind. The black-footed cat, Felis nigripes, one of the smallest felid species, is experiencing increasing threats with a rapid reduction in population size. However, there is a lack of genetic information to assist in developing effective conservation actions. A de novo assembly of a high-quality chromosome-level reference genome of the black-footed cat was made, and comparative genomics and population genomics analyses were carried out. These analyses revealed that the most significant genetic changes in the evolution of the black-footed cat are the rapid evolution of sensory and metabolic-related genes, reflecting genetic adaptations to its characteristic nocturnal hunting and a high metabolic rate. Genomes of the black-footed cat exhibit a high level of inbreeding, especially for signals of recent inbreeding events, which suggest that they may have experienced severe genetic isolation caused by habitat fragmentation. More importantly, inbreeding associated with two deleterious mutated genes may exacerbate the risk of #amyloidosis, the dominant disease that causes mortality of about 70% of captive individuals. Our research provides comprehensive documentation of the evolutionary history of the black-footed cat and suggests that there is an urgent need to investigate genomic variations of small felids worldwide to support effective conservation actions. https://lnkd.in/e5TZ5Ccr
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The Iberian Peninsula is one of the most humanized areas in Europe, yet humans may cohabit with large predators, such as the Iberian wolf (Canis lupus signatus), at the expense of many contributions to its conservation. The limited wolves’ territory leads to a close relationship between this wild species, humans, and other animals, which may promote the spillover of pathogens, such as gastrointestinal parasites. Change the scenery and read the full review here ➡️https://whttps://brnw.ch/21wIUXL This review intends to provide an update concerning gastrointestinal parasite findings performed using coprological methods on fecal samples from Iberian wolves. Studies conducted in Portugal and Spain through coprology presented a prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites of 57.0–100% in Spain and 21.5–68.3% in Portugal. Parasites belonging to Protozoa, Trematoda, Cestoda, and Nematoda were specified, alongside thirteen genera and twenty species of gastrointestinal parasites. In this study, 76.9% (10/13) of genera and 65.0% (13/20) of species of gastrointestinal parasites were identified as having zoonotic potential. These results highlight that further studies are needed to better understand the parasitic agents circulating in the wild in humanized areas, such as the Iberian Peninsula. #MDPI #OpenAccess #SystematicReview #Parasitology #Parasite
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We are thrilled to announce our next Symposium!!! 🦞 Signal Crayfish Virtual Symposium 12 Apr 2024 | Virtual Symposium | £25 |💡 Invasive crayfish are one of the biggest threats to aquatic ecosystems worldwide. They can cause major adverse effects on native crayfish, invertebrates, fish and plant communities as well as bank erosion and sedimentation. The American Signal Crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus) has been responsible for a massive decline in the UK's native White-clawed Crayfish (Austropotamobius pallipes) due to competition and the transmission of a deadly disease, crayfish plague. It continues to expand across Great Britain and Europe, causing major negative impacts on aquatic ecosystems. A variety of signal crayfish control methods have been attempted with varying degrees of success. This Signal Crayfish Virtual Symposium will bring together conservationists, ecologists, freshwater biologists and more to discuss the latest in Signal Crayfish control in Europe and what more can be done. This event will be hosted by Dr Nicky Green and feature four presentations that focus on the current situation in the UK, trapping & fish predation, crayfish barriers and gene editing, together with a panel discussion. Bookings now open. https://lnkd.in/dV6R4Q7U
Signal Crayfish Virtual Symposium
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🔬 Baculoviruses Unveiled: Nature's Precision Tactics in Pest Warfare! 🌿✨ Embark on a journey into the microscopic realm where baculoviruses unveil their precision tactics as nature's pest warriors. 🦠🌐 🔄 Infiltration and Genetic Mastery Picture a microscopic dance as the baculovirus encounters an insect host. This tiny infiltrator injects its genetic material, seamlessly becoming a part of the insect's inner workings. It's a precision maneuver that sets the stage for nature's covert operation. 🏭 Viral Factories in Action Observe the metamorphosis of infected cells into sophisticated viral factories. Employing meticulous precision, these factories methodically generate controlled copies of the baculovirus. Nature's intrinsic assembly line is at play, ensuring a strategic and systematic replication process. 📈 The Grand Finale As the viral population grows, the infected insect approaches a critical point. Here, the baculovirus takes center stage, orchestrating the grand finale. The infected insect succumbs, marking the ultimate triumph of nature's precision tactics in the microscopic drama. 🌱 Survival and Propagation In essence, it's a microscopic saga where the baculovirus ingeniously exploits the insect's cellular machinery for reproduction. This ensures not only its survival but also the propagation of its pest-fighting legacy. The infected insect becomes both a host and a stage for the baculovirus's strategic masterpiece. Step into the intricate world of nature's pest warriors, where precision meets strategy in the battle against pests. #NatureInAction #PestWarriors #Biocontrol #Biopesticides #Baculovirus #InnovativeSolutions
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