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Scala | Nested Functions

Last Updated : 11 Jul, 2025
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A function definition inside an another function is known as Nested Function. It is not supported by C++, Java, etc. In other languages, we can call a function inside a function, but it’s not a nested function. In Scala, we can define functions inside a function and functions defined inside other functions are called nested or local functions. 
Syntax: 
 

def FunctionName1( parameter1, parameter2, ..) = { 
def FunctionName2() = { 
// code 
} 
}

 
Single Nested Function 
Here is an example of single nested function that takes two numbers as parameters and returns the Maximum and Minimum of them. 
Example 
 

Scala 
// Scala program of Single Nested Function
object MaxAndMin 
{
    // Main method
    def main(args: Array[String]) 
    {
        println("Min and Max from 5, 7")
                maxAndMin(5, 7);
    }
    
    // Function
    def maxAndMin(a: Int, b: Int) = {
    
       // Nested Function
       def maxValue() = { 
          if(a > b) 
          {
              println("Max is: " + a)
          }
          else
          {
              println("Max is: " + b)
          }
       }
    
       // Nested Function
       def minValue() = {
          if (a < b)
          {
              println("Min is: " + a)
          }
          else
          {
              println("Min is: " + b)
          }
       }
       maxValue();
       minValue();
    }
}

Output 
 

Min and Max from 5, 7
Max is: 7
Min is: 5


In above code maxAndMin is a function and maxValue is another inner function returns maximum value between a and b similarly minValue is another inner function which is also nested function this function returns minimum value between a and b. 
Multiple Nested Function 
Here is an implementation of multiple nested function. 
Example 
 

Scala 
// Scala program of Multiple Nested Function
object MaxAndMin 
{
    // Main method
    def main(args: Array[String]) 
    {
        fun();
    }
    
    // Function 
    def fun() = {
        
        geeks();
        
        // First Nested Function 
        def geeks() = {
            println("geeks");
            
            gfg();
            
            // Second Nested Function 
            def gfg() = {
                println("gfg");

                geeksforgeeks();

                // Third Nested Function 
                def geeksforgeeks() = {
                    println("geeksforgeeks");
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

Output 
 

geeks
gfg
geeksforgeeks


In above code fun is a function and geeks, gfg, geeksforgeeks are nested functions or local function .
 


author
29AjayKumar
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