Top 50 Salesforce Testing Interview Questions with Answers 2024

Salesforce testing is essential to ensure that Salesforce implementations meet the business requirements, function seamlessly, and deliver a great user experience. As organizations increasingly rely on Salesforce for their customer relationship management (CRM) needs, the demand for proficient Salesforce testers is growing.

Preparing for a Salesforce testing interview requires a solid understanding of both the platform's capabilities and the testing methodologies used to validate its performance and functionality. This article compiles the top 50 Salesforce testing interview questions, covering key topics such as test automation, custom object testing, integration testing, and best practices. Whether you're a seasoned tester or new to Salesforce, these questions will help you demonstrate your knowledge and readiness for a role in Salesforce testing.

Top 50 Salesforce Testing interview questions

Explore the list of top 50 Salesforce testing interview questions to get your Salesforce tester.

1. What is Salesforce testing, and why is it important?

Salesforce testing is the process of checking that the features and functions of a Salesforce application work correctly. It involves testing custom code, configurations, and workflows in Salesforce. This testing is important because it ensures that the application meets the requirements, works well for users, and doesn’t have any bugs or errors that could cause problems.

2. Explain the difference between manual and automated testing in Salesforce.

• Manual Testing: In manual testing, a person (tester) goes through the application and checks its functions by following test cases. It involves clicking buttons, filling out forms, and checking if everything works as expected. It is usually done for smaller changes or when testing for the first time.
• Automated Testing: In automated testing, special software tools are used to run tests automatically. These tools simulate user actions and check if the application behaves correctly. Automated testing is faster and more efficient for repeated tests, such as regression testing, where the same tests need to be run multiple times.

3. What are the different types of Salesforce Testing?

• Unit Testing: Testing individual parts of the code, like functions or methods, to make sure they work correctly.
• Integration Testing: Checking if different parts of the application work together as expected.
• Functional Testing: Ensuring that the application functions according to the requirements.
• Regression Testing: Making sure that new changes don’t break existing functionality.
• User Acceptance Testing (UAT): Testing the application from the user’s perspective to ensure it meets their needs.
• Performance Testing: Checking if the application performs well under different conditions, such as heavy load.

4. What are the common tools used for Salesforce Testing?

• Selenium: A popular tool for automated testing of web applications, including Salesforce.
• Jenkins: A tool for continuous integration and automated testing.
• Provar: A tool specifically designed for testing Salesforce applications.
• TestNG: A testing framework for running automated tests in Java.
• Apex Test Execution: Salesforce’s built-in tool for testing Apex code.
• JIRA: A tool for tracking bugs and managing testing activities.

5. How do you test Salesforce applications?

To test Salesforce applications:

1. Understand Requirements: Know what the application is supposed to do.
2. Create Test Cases: Write detailed steps on how to test each function.
3. Prepare Test Data: Set up data needed for testing, like user accounts and records.
4. Execute Tests: Run the tests manually or use automated tools to check if everything works as expected.
5. Record Results: Document the outcomes of each test.
6. Report Bugs: If there are any issues, report them to the development team.
7. Retest: After fixes, test again to ensure the problems are resolved.

6. What is Apex?

Apex is a programming language used in Salesforce to write custom code. It is similar to Java and allows developers to add complex business logic to Salesforce applications, such as custom workflows, data validation, and automated tasks.

7. What is Visualforce?

Visualforce is a framework in Salesforce used to create custom user interfaces. It allows developers to design pages with HTML, CSS, and Apex, providing a way to build customized layouts and functions that are not possible with standard Salesforce pages.

8. How do you test custom code in Salesforce?

To test custom code in Salesforce:

1. Write Test Classes: Create special classes in Apex that test your custom code.
2. Use Test Methods: Write methods within these classes to check if the custom code works correctly.
3. Use Asserts: Include assert statements to verify that the output of the code matches the expected results.
4. Run Tests: Use Salesforce’s testing tools, like the Apex Test Execution tool, to run your test classes.
5. Check Code Coverage: Ensure that your tests cover a high percentage of your custom code to catch potential issues.

9. What are Salesforce Governor Limits?

Salesforce Governor Limits are rules that Salesforce enforces to ensure that no single tenant (user) can use too many resources and affect the performance of others on the shared platform. These limits include restrictions on the number of database queries, the number of records processed, and the amount of CPU time used.

10. How do you handle Salesforce Governor Limits in testing?

To handle Salesforce Governor Limits in testing:

1. Optimize Code: Write efficient code that uses fewer resources.
2. Bulkify Operations: Process multiple records in batches instead of one at a time.
3. Use Limits Class: Use the Limits class in Apex to check your code’s resource usage and avoid hitting limits.
4. Test with Large Data Sets: Simulate real-world usage by testing with large amounts of data to ensure your code can handle it within the limits.
5. Monitor Resource Usage: Continuously monitor and review your resource usage during testing to make necessary adjustments

11. What is Salesforce Sandbox?

A Salesforce Sandbox is a copy of your production environment used for testing, development, and training. It allows you to make changes and try out new features without affecting the actual data and operations in your live environment.

12. What are the different types of Sandboxes in Salesforce?

Salesforce offers different types of Sandboxes for various purposes:

• Developer Sandbox: Used for development and testing in an isolated environment.
• Developer Pro Sandbox: Similar to Developer Sandbox but with more storage space.
• Partial Copy Sandbox: Contains a subset of your production data and metadata, useful for testing specific data sets.
• Full Sandbox: An exact copy of your production environment, including all data and metadata, used for extensive testing and training.

13. Explain the use of Developer Sandbox.

A Developer Sandbox is used for writing and testing code in an isolated environment. It allows developers to work on new features, make changes, and test functionality without affecting the live production data. It is ideal for small-scale development and unit testing.

14. What is a Full Copy Sandbox?

A Full Copy Sandbox is a complete copy of your production environment, including all data and customizations. It is used for extensive testing, such as performance testing, load testing, and user acceptance testing. It ensures that any changes made will behave exactly as they would in the production environment.

15. How do you refresh a Salesforce Sandbox?

To refresh a Salesforce Sandbox:

1. Log in to Salesforce: Access your Salesforce setup area.
2. Navigate to Sandboxes: Go to the Sandboxes section under Data Management.
3. Select Sandbox: Choose the Sandbox you want to refresh.
4. Click Refresh: Click the refresh button to start the process.
5. Confirm: Confirm your choice and wait for the refresh to complete.

Refreshing a Sandbox updates it with the latest data and configurations from the production environment.

16. What is the difference between Production and Sandbox environments in Salesforce?

• Production Environment:
  • Purpose: Used for live operations with real data.
  • Users: Accessed by end-users for daily business activities.
  • Data: Contains actual business data.
  • Risk: Changes here can impact business operations.
• Sandbox Environment:
  • Purpose: Used for development, testing, and training.
  • Users: Accessed by developers and testers.
  • Data: Contains a copy of production data or sample data.
  • Risk: Changes do not affect live operations.

17. What is SOQL?

SOQL (Salesforce Object Query Language) is a language used to query data in Salesforce. It is similar to SQL but designed specifically for Salesforce data. SOQL allows you to retrieve data from Salesforce objects, such as accounts, contacts, and custom objects, based on specific criteria.

18. How do you write a test class in Apex?

To write a test class in Apex:

1. Create a Test Class: Define a class using the @isTest annotation.

   @isTest
   public class MyTestClass {

2. Write Test Methods: Inside the class, write methods using the @isTest annotation or testMethod keyword.

   @isTest
   static void testMethod1() {

3. Set Up Data: Create test data required for testing.

   Account testAccount = new Account(Name='Test Account');
   insert testAccount;

4. Call Methods to Test: Call the methods you want to test.

   MyClass myClass = new MyClass();
   myClass.myMethod(testAccount.Id);

5. Assert Results: Use System.assert statements to check the results.

   System.assertEquals('Expected Value', actualValue);
   }
   }

19. What is a Test Suite in Salesforce?

A Test Suite in Salesforce is a collection of test classes grouped together for easier execution. It allows you to run multiple test classes simultaneously, making it more efficient to test various parts of your application at once. Test Suites help in managing and organizing your test cases better.

20. How do you use the Salesforce Test Runner?

To use the Salesforce Test Runner:

1. Navigate to Setup: Log in to Salesforce and go to the Setup area.
2. Search for Apex Test Execution: In the Quick Find box, type "Apex Test Execution" and select it.
3. Select Test Classes: Choose the test classes you want to run.
4. Click Run: Click the "Run" button to start executing the selected test classes.
5. View Results: Check the results of your test run, including any errors or failures, in the test execution summary.

The Salesforce Test Runner helps you easily run and manage your Apex tests.

21. What is the purpose of the Test.startTest() and Test.stopTest() methods in Salesforce?

The Test.startTest() and Test.stopTest() methods are used in Salesforce to create a fresh set of governor limits for the code being tested. This is important because it allows you to test how your code performs with a clean slate of limits, simulating real-world scenarios better. Here's how you use them:

• Test.startTest(): Resets governor limits, allowing you to test the performance and behavior of your code.
• Test.stopTest(): Ends the test and restores the original limits, ensuring your test results are accurate and realistic.

22. What is Code Coverage?

Code coverage is a measure of how much of your code is tested by your test classes. It is expressed as a percentage and indicates which lines of code have been executed during testing. High code coverage means that most of your code has been tested, reducing the chance of bugs.

23. How do you ensure high code coverage in Salesforce?

To ensure high code coverage in Salesforce:

• Write Comprehensive Tests: Create test classes that cover all possible scenarios, including edge cases.
• Use Assertions: Validate outcomes using System.assert() statements to check if the results are as expected.
• Test All Methods: Ensure that each method in your classes is called at least once in your tests.
• Handle Exceptions: Include tests for both expected and unexpected exceptions.
• Refactor Code: Break down complex methods into smaller, testable units.

24. What are Salesforce Best Practices for Writing Test Classes?

Best practices for writing test classes in Salesforce include:

• Use @isTest Annotation: Clearly indicate that a class or method is for testing.
• Create Test Data: Use realistic test data that mimics real-world scenarios.
• Test Governor Limits: Use Test.startTest() and Test.stopTest() to simulate real usage.
• Cover All Paths: Ensure that your tests cover all possible execution paths, including positive and negative cases.
• Use Assertions: Verify outcomes with System.assert() statements to ensure your code behaves as expected.
• Avoid Hardcoding: Use dynamic data to make your tests more flexible and maintainable.

25. How do you test a trigger in Salesforce?

To test a trigger in Salesforce:

1. Write a Test Class: Create a test class with the @isTest annotation.
2. Set Up Test Data: Create the data that will cause the trigger to fire.

   Account testAccount = new Account(Name='Test Account');
   insert testAccount;

3. Execute Trigger: Perform the actions that will execute the trigger, like inserting or updating records.

   testAccount.Name = 'Updated Test Account';
   update testAccount;

4. Assert Results: Use System.assert() to check if the trigger's outcome is as expected.

   System.assertEquals('Expected Value', actualValue);

26. What is a Mock Object in Salesforce Testing?

A Mock Object in Salesforce Testing is a simulated object that mimics the behavior of real objects in controlled ways. It is used to test how your code interacts with external services or complex systems without relying on actual data or processes. Mock Objects help ensure that tests are isolated and can run independently of external dependencies.

27. What is the difference between System.assert() and System.assertEquals() in Salesforce?

• System.assert(): Checks if a condition is true. If the condition is false, the test fails.

  System.assert(value != null);

• System.assertEquals(): Compares two values for equality. If they are not equal, the test fails.

  System.assertEquals(expectedValue, actualValue);

28. How do you perform integration testing in Salesforce?

To perform integration testing in Salesforce:

1. Prepare Test Data: Set up the necessary data for the integration.
2. Simulate Data Flow: Use tools like Salesforce Connect or API calls to simulate data exchange between systems.
3. Write Test Classes: Create test classes that validate the integration points.
4. Use Mock Services: Employ mock services to simulate external system behavior.
5. Verify Results: Use assertions to check if data flows correctly and integration works as expected.

29. What are some common challenges in Salesforce Testing?

Common challenges in Salesforce Testing include:

• Handling Governor Limits: Ensuring tests stay within Salesforce's resource limits.
• Complex Customizations: Testing intricate custom code and configurations.
• Data Management: Managing and creating realistic test data.
• Integration Testing: Simulating and validating interactions with external systems.
• Maintaining Test Scripts: Keeping test scripts up to date with changing requirements.

30. How do you test Salesforce workflows?

To test Salesforce workflows:

1. Create Test Records: Set up records that will trigger the workflow.
2. Execute Actions: Perform actions (like creating or updating records) that meet the workflow criteria.
3. Verify Workflow Actions: Check if the workflow actions (field updates, email alerts, etc.) have executed as expected.
4. Use Assertions: Use System.assert() statements to validate the outcomes.
5. Review Logs: Check the debug logs to ensure the workflow rules fired correctly

31. What are Salesforce Validation Rules and how do you test them?

• Salesforce Validation Rules: These are rules that ensure data entered into Salesforce meets certain criteria before it can be saved. For example, you might have a rule that requires a phone number to be in a specific format.
• How to Test Them:
  1. Create Test Records: Try to save records that violate the validation rules.
  2. Check for Errors: Ensure that Salesforce shows an error message when the data does not meet the criteria.
  3. Correct Data: Enter correct data and check that the record saves successfully.

32. What is a Salesforce Page Layout and how do you test it?

• Salesforce Page Layout: This is the arrangement of fields, buttons, and related lists on a Salesforce record page. It determines what information users see and how they interact with it.
• How to Test It:
  1. Review Layout: Open the record and verify that the fields and buttons are in the correct places.
  2. Check Permissions: Ensure users with different profiles see the correct layout.
  3. Test Functionality: Make sure all fields are editable or read-only as expected and that buttons work properly.

33. How do you perform data migration testing in Salesforce?

• Data Migration Testing:
  1. Plan Migration: Understand the data to be migrated and its source.
  2. Prepare Test Data: Create a subset of data to test the migration process.
  3. Migrate Data: Use tools like Salesforce Data Loader to move the test data to Salesforce.
  4. Verify Data: Check that the data has been transferred correctly, ensuring all fields are populated and relationships are maintained.
  5. Test Functionality: Ensure that the migrated data works correctly within the Salesforce environment, including triggers, workflows, and reports.

34. What is Salesforce Data Loader and how do you use it for testing?

• Salesforce Data Loader: This is a tool used to import, export, update, delete, or extract data from Salesforce. It is particularly useful for large data volumes.
• How to Use It for Testing:
  1. Install Data Loader: Download and install the Salesforce Data Loader.
  2. Login: Connect to your Salesforce account.
  3. Prepare Data: Create CSV files with the test data you want to load.
  4. Load Data: Use the Data Loader to insert, update, or delete records in Salesforce.
  5. Verify Results: Check Salesforce to ensure the data has been loaded correctly and that all processes (like workflows and triggers) are functioning as expected.

35. How do you test Salesforce Reports and Dashboards?

• Test Salesforce Reports and Dashboards:
  1. Verify Data: Ensure the data in the reports is accurate and up-to-date.
  2. Check Filters: Test the filters and ensure they display the correct data.
  3. Validate Calculations: Make sure all calculations, like totals and averages, are correct.
  4. Review Layout: Ensure the layout is user-friendly and displays all necessary information.
  5. Test Access: Confirm that users with different profiles can see the reports and dashboards they have permission to view.

36. What is a Salesforce Deployment and how do you test it?

• Salesforce Deployment: This is the process of moving changes from one Salesforce environment (like Sandbox) to another (like Production).
• How to Test It:
  1. Prepare Changes: Ensure all changes are complete and tested in the Sandbox.
  2. Create Change Set: Package the changes into a Change Set for deployment.
  3. Deploy: Move the Change Set to the target environment (e.g., Production).
  4. Verify Deployment: Check that all changes have been applied correctly in the target environment.
  5. Test Functionality: Perform regression testing to ensure existing functionality still works, and new changes behave as expected.

37. Explain the use of Salesforce Change Sets.

• Salesforce Change Sets: These are used to move changes from one Salesforce environment to another. They can include components like custom objects, fields, and Apex code.
• How to Use Them:
  1. Create Change Set: In the source environment, create a Change Set and add the components you want to move.
  2. Upload Change Set: Upload the Change Set to the target environment.
  3. Deploy Change Set: In the target environment, deploy the Change Set and validate the changes.

38. What is the Salesforce Deployment Manager?

• Salesforce Deployment Manager: This is a tool used to manage and execute deployments in Salesforce. It helps in tracking changes, managing deployment tasks, and automating the deployment process.

39. How do you handle Salesforce Security Testing?

• Handling Salesforce Security Testing:
  1. Check Profiles and Permissions: Ensure users have appropriate access levels.
  2. Test Field Level Security: Verify that users can only see and edit fields they are allowed to.
  3. Validate Sharing Rules: Ensure data is shared according to the rules defined.
  4. Test Roles and Hierarchies: Confirm that the role hierarchy correctly limits access to sensitive data.
  5. Review Security Settings: Check all security settings, including password policies and session settings, to ensure they meet security standards.

40. What is Field Level Security and how do you test it?

• Field Level Security: This controls which fields users can see or edit in Salesforce.
• How to Test It:
  1. Set Security: Define field-level security for different profiles.
  2. Log In as Users: Log in with different user profiles to check their access to fields.
  3. Verify Access: Ensure users can only see or edit fields they have permission to.
  4. Test Scenarios: Try various scenarios like data entry, updates, and reports to confirm that field-level security is enforced correctly

41. What is Role Hierarchy and how does it affect testing?

• Role Hierarchy: In Salesforce, Role Hierarchy determines the levels of access users have based on their roles within an organization. Higher roles can see data owned by lower roles, ensuring that managers can access their subordinates' data.
• Affect on Testing: When testing, you need to ensure that data access and visibility conform to the defined role hierarchy. For instance, verify that a manager can see their team's data but not the data of other teams.

42. What are Profiles and Permission Sets in Salesforce?

• Profiles: Profiles define what users can do in Salesforce. They control access to objects, fields, and various functions. Each user has one profile.
• Permission Sets: Permission Sets provide additional permissions to users without changing their profiles. They allow more flexibility, as users can have multiple permission sets.

43. How do you test Salesforce Custom Objects?

To test Salesforce Custom Objects:

1. Create Test Data: Set up test records for the custom object.
2. Check Layouts: Ensure that the custom object’s page layouts display correctly.
3. Test Functionality: Verify all custom fields, relationships, and workflows work as expected.
4. Validate Permissions: Ensure users have the correct permissions to view, create, edit, and delete records.

44. How do you perform regression testing in Salesforce?

• Identify Changes: List all changes made to the application.
• Select Test Cases: Choose existing test cases that cover the affected areas.
• Run Tests: Execute the test cases to ensure that new changes haven’t broken existing functionality.
• Analyze Results: Check the results to identify any issues caused by the new changes.

45. What is a Salesforce Custom Tab and how do you test it?

• Salesforce Custom Tab: A Custom Tab allows users to access custom objects or web content within Salesforce.
• How to Test It:
  1. Create Tab: Ensure the custom tab is created and visible.
  2. Test Access: Verify users can see and access the tab according to their permissions.
  3. Check Functionality: Ensure the tab displays the correct data or content and all functions within the tab work properly.

46. How do you test Lightning Components in Salesforce?

To test Lightning Components:

1. Create Test Components: Build test versions of the components if needed.
2. Use Test Data: Input test data to see how the component handles it.
3. Verify UI: Ensure the component looks and behaves correctly in the Lightning interface.
4. Test Interactions: Check how the component interacts with other components and the overall application.
5. Check Performance: Ensure the component loads quickly and performs well.

47. How do you test Salesforce Approval Processes?

To test Salesforce Approval Processes:

1. Create Test Records: Set up records that will trigger the approval process.
2. Submit for Approval: Ensure records can be submitted for approval.
3. Approve/Reject: Simulate different scenarios where records are approved or rejected.
4. Check Outcomes: Verify the correct actions are taken for each approval status, such as field updates or email notifications.

48. What are the benefits and limitations of using automated testing tools for Salesforce?

• Benefits:
  • Efficiency: Run tests faster and more frequently.
  • Consistency: Tests are repeatable and produce consistent results.
  • Coverage: Easily test large parts of the application.
  • Cost-Effective: Reduces the time and effort required for manual testing.
• Limitations:
  • Initial Setup: Requires time and effort to set up.
  • Complexity: Some scenarios may be difficult to automate.
  • Maintenance: Automated tests need to be updated as the application changes.
  • Cost: Automated testing tools can be expensive.

49. How do you prioritize test cases in a Salesforce project?

To prioritize test cases:

1. Business Impact: Focus on features critical to the business.
2. User Frequency: Prioritize functionalities used most often by users.
3. Risk: Test areas that have a high risk of causing issues if they fail.
4. Dependencies: Test foundational components before dependent ones.
5. New Features: Prioritize testing new features and changes.

50. What is an sObject type?

Any object that can be stored in the Force.com platform database is referred to as an sObject. Apex supports the use of a generic sObject abstract type to represent any object. 

Conclusion

Preparing for a Salesforce Testing interview requires a solid understanding of both Salesforce functionalities and testing principles. This blog post has provided you with a comprehensive list of common Salesforce Testing interview questions, along with detailed answers to help you confidently tackle your interview. By familiarizing yourself with these questions and practicing your responses, you can showcase your knowledge and skills effectively. Remember, thorough preparation is key to standing out and securing your desired role in Salesforce Testing.

kartik

Follow

Improve

Article Tags :

• Software Testing
• Interview Questions
• Salesforce

Practice Tags :

• Salesforce