Python program to find middle of a linked list using one traversal Last Updated : 23 Apr, 2023 Comments Improve Suggest changes Like Article Like Report Given a singly linked list, find the middle of the linked list. Given a singly linked list, find the middle of the linked list. For example, if the given linked list is 1->2->3->4->5 then the output should be 3. Method 1: Traverse the whole linked list and count the no. of nodes. Now traverse the list again till count/2 and return the node at count/2. Python3 # Python program for the above approach class Node: def __init__(self, data): self.data = data self.next = None class NodeOperation: # Function to add a new node def pushNode(self, head_ref, data_val): # Allocate node and put in the data new_node = Node(data_val) # Link the old list of the new node new_node.next = head_ref # move the head to point to the new node head_ref = new_node return head_ref # A utility function to print a given linked list def printNode(self, head): while (head != None): print('%d->' % head.data, end="") head = head.next print("NULL") ''' Utility Function to find length of linked list ''' def getLen(self, head): temp = head len = 0 while (temp != None): len += 1 temp = temp.next return len def printMiddle(self, head): if head != None: # find length len = self.getLen(head) temp = head # traverse till we reached half of length midIdx = len // 2 while midIdx != 0: temp = temp.next midIdx -= 1 # temp will be storing middle element print('The middle element is: ', temp.data) # Driver Code head = None temp = NodeOperation() head = temp.pushNode(head, 5) head = temp.pushNode(head, 4) head = temp.pushNode(head, 3) head = temp.pushNode(head, 2) head = temp.pushNode(head, 1) temp.printNode(head) temp.printMiddle(head) # This code is contributed by Yash Agarwal Output1->2->3->4->5->NULL The middle element is: 3 Time Complexity: O(n) where n is no of nodes in linked listAuxiliary Space: O(1) Method 2: Traverse linked list using two pointers. Move one pointer by one and another pointer by two. When the fast pointer reaches the end slow pointer will reach middle of the linked list. Implementation: Python3 # Python 3 program to find the middle of a # given linked list # Node class class Node: # Function to initialise the node object def __init__(self, data): self.data = data self.next = None class LinkedList: def __init__(self): self.head = None def push(self, new_data): new_node = Node(new_data) new_node.next = self.head self.head = new_node # Function to get the middle of # the linked list def printMiddle(self): slow_ptr = self.head fast_ptr = self.head if self.head is not None: while (fast_ptr is not None and fast_ptr.next is not None): fast_ptr = fast_ptr.next.next slow_ptr = slow_ptr.next print("The middle element is: ", slow_ptr.data) # Driver code list1 = LinkedList() list1.push(5) list1.push(4) list1.push(2) list1.push(3) list1.push(1) list1.printMiddle() OutputThe middle element is: 2 Time Complexity: O(N) where N is the number of nodes in Linked List. Auxiliary Space: O(1) Method 3: Initialized the temp variable as head Initialized count to Zero Take loop till head will become Null(i.e end of the list) and increment the temp node when count is odd only, in this way temp will traverse till mid element and head will traverse all linked list. Print the data of temp. Implementation: Python3 # Python 3 program to find the middle of a # given linked list class Node: def __init__(self, value): self.data = value self.next = None class LinkedList: def __init__(self): self.head = None # create Node and make linked list def push(self, new_data): new_node = Node(new_data) new_node.next = self.head self.head = new_node def printMiddle(self): temp = self.head count = 0 while self.head: # only update when count is odd if (count & 1): temp = temp.next self.head = self.head.next # increment count in each iteration count += 1 print(temp.data) # Driver code llist = LinkedList() llist.push(1) llist.push(20) llist.push(100) llist.push(15) llist.push(35) llist.printMiddle() # code has been contributed by - Yogesh Joshi Output100 Complexity Analysis: Time complexity: O(N) where N is the size of the given linked listAuxiliary Space: O(1) because it is using constant space METHOD 4:Using a list to store elements APPROACH: The above Python code implements a program that finds the middle element of a linked list using a single traversal. It defines two classes: Node and LinkedList. Node class has two instance variables: data and next. LinkedList class has an instance variable head which points to the first node of the linked list. ALGORITHM: 1.Initialize a count variable to 0 and two pointers, middle_node, and current_node to the head of the linked list.2.Traverse the linked list using current_node and increment the count variable by 1 in each iteration.3.If the count variable is odd, move the middle_node pointer to the next node.4.Return the data of the middle_node pointer as it points to the middle element. Python3 class Node: def __init__(self, data): self.data = data self.next = None class LinkedList: def __init__(self): self.head = None def insert(self, data): new_node = Node(data) if self.head is None: self.head = new_node else: current_node = self.head while current_node.next is not None: current_node = current_node.next current_node.next = new_node def print_list(self): current_node = self.head while current_node is not None: print(current_node.data, end="->") current_node = current_node.next print("NULL") def find_middle(self): elements = [] current_node = self.head while current_node is not None: elements.append(current_node.data) current_node = current_node.next middle_index = len(elements) // 2 return elements[middle_index] linked_list = LinkedList() linked_list.insert(1) linked_list.insert(2) linked_list.insert(3) linked_list.insert(4) linked_list.insert(5) linked_list.print_list() middle = linked_list.find_middle() print("The middle element is:", middle) Output1->2->3->4->5->NULL The middle element is: 3 Time complexity: O(n), where n is the number of nodes in the linked list. We traverse the linked list only once. Space complexity: O(1). We use a constant amount of extra space to store pointers and variables. Comment More infoAdvertise with us Next Article Python Introduction J joshiyogesh Follow Improve Article Tags : Python Python Programs Technical Scripter 2018 Practice Tags : python Similar Reads Python Tutorial - Learn Python Programming Language Python is one of the most popular programming languages. Itâs simple to use, packed with features and supported by a wide range of libraries and frameworks. Its clean syntax makes it beginner-friendly. It'sA high-level language, used in web development, data science, automation, AI and more.Known fo 10 min read Python FundamentalsPython IntroductionPython was created by Guido van Rossum in 1991 and further developed by the Python Software Foundation. It was designed with focus on code readability and its syntax allows us to express concepts in fewer lines of code.Key Features of PythonPythonâs simple and readable syntax makes it beginner-frien 3 min read Input and Output in PythonUnderstanding input and output operations is fundamental to Python programming. With the print() function, we can display output in various formats, while the input() function enables interaction with users by gathering input during program execution. Taking input in PythonPython's input() function 7 min read Python VariablesIn Python, variables are used to store data that can be referenced and manipulated during program execution. A variable is essentially a name that is assigned to a value. Unlike many other programming languages, Python variables do not require explicit declaration of type. The type of the variable i 6 min read Python OperatorsIn Python programming, Operators in general are used to perform operations on values and variables. These are standard symbols used for logical and arithmetic operations. In this article, we will look into different types of Python operators. OPERATORS: These are the special symbols. Eg- + , * , /, 6 min read Python KeywordsKeywords in Python are reserved words that have special meanings and serve specific purposes in the language syntax. Python keywords cannot be used as the names of variables, functions, and classes or any other identifier. Getting List of all Python keywordsWe can also get all the keyword names usin 2 min read Python Data TypesPython Data types are the classification or categorization of data items. It represents the kind of value that tells what operations can be performed on a particular data. Since everything is an object in Python programming, Python data types are classes and variables are instances (objects) of thes 9 min read Conditional Statements in PythonConditional statements in Python are used to execute certain blocks of code based on specific conditions. These statements help control the flow of a program, making it behave differently in different situations.If Conditional Statement in PythonIf statement is the simplest form of a conditional sta 6 min read Loops in Python - For, While and Nested LoopsLoops in Python are used to repeat actions efficiently. The main types are For loops (counting through items) and While loops (based on conditions). In this article, we will look at Python loops and understand their working with the help of examples. For Loop in PythonFor loops is used to iterate ov 9 min read Python FunctionsPython Functions is a block of statements that does a specific task. The idea is to put some commonly or repeatedly done task together and make a function so that instead of writing the same code again and again for different inputs, we can do the function calls to reuse code contained in it over an 9 min read Recursion in PythonRecursion involves a function calling itself directly or indirectly to solve a problem by breaking it down into simpler and more manageable parts. In Python, recursion is widely used for tasks that can be divided into identical subtasks.In Python, a recursive function is defined like any other funct 6 min read Python Lambda FunctionsPython Lambda Functions are anonymous functions means that the function is without a name. As we already know the def keyword is used to define a normal function in Python. Similarly, the lambda keyword is used to define an anonymous function in Python. In the example, we defined a lambda function(u 6 min read Python Data StructuresPython StringA string is a sequence of characters. Python treats anything inside quotes as a string. This includes letters, numbers, and symbols. Python has no character data type so single character is a string of length 1.Pythons = "GfG" print(s[1]) # access 2nd char s1 = s + s[0] # update print(s1) # printOut 6 min read Python ListsIn Python, a list is a built-in dynamic sized array (automatically grows and shrinks). We can store all types of items (including another list) in a list. A list may contain mixed type of items, this is possible because a list mainly stores references at contiguous locations and actual items maybe s 6 min read Python TuplesA tuple in Python is an immutable ordered collection of elements. Tuples are similar to lists, but unlike lists, they cannot be changed after their creation (i.e., they are immutable). Tuples can hold elements of different data types. The main characteristics of tuples are being ordered , heterogene 6 min read Dictionaries in PythonPython dictionary is a data structure that stores the value in key: value pairs. Values in a dictionary can be of any data type and can be duplicated, whereas keys can't be repeated and must be immutable. Example: Here, The data is stored in key:value pairs in dictionaries, which makes it easier to 7 min read Python SetsPython set is an unordered collection of multiple items having different datatypes. In Python, sets are mutable, unindexed and do not contain duplicates. The order of elements in a set is not preserved and can change.Creating a Set in PythonIn Python, the most basic and efficient method for creating 10 min read Python ArraysLists in Python are the most flexible and commonly used data structure for sequential storage. They are similar to arrays in other languages but with several key differences:Dynamic Typing: Python lists can hold elements of different types in the same list. We can have an integer, a string and even 9 min read List Comprehension in PythonList comprehension is a way to create lists using a concise syntax. It allows us to generate a new list by applying an expression to each item in an existing iterable (such as a list or range). This helps us to write cleaner, more readable code compared to traditional looping techniques.For example, 4 min read Advanced PythonPython OOPs ConceptsObject Oriented Programming is a fundamental concept in Python, empowering developers to build modular, maintainable, and scalable applications. OOPs is a way of organizing code that uses objects and classes to represent real-world entities and their behavior. In OOPs, object has attributes thing th 11 min read Python Exception HandlingPython Exception Handling handles errors that occur during the execution of a program. Exception handling allows to respond to the error, instead of crashing the running program. It enables you to catch and manage errors, making your code more robust and user-friendly. Let's look at an example:Handl 6 min read File Handling in PythonFile handling refers to the process of performing operations on a file, such as creating, opening, reading, writing and closing it through a programming interface. It involves managing the data flow between the program and the file system on the storage device, ensuring that data is handled safely a 4 min read Python Database TutorialPython being a high-level language provides support for various databases. We can connect and run queries for a particular database using Python and without writing raw queries in the terminal or shell of that particular database, we just need to have that database installed in our system.A database 4 min read Python MongoDB TutorialMongoDB is a popular NoSQL database designed to store and manage data flexibly and at scale. Unlike traditional relational databases that use tables and rows, MongoDB stores data as JSON-like documents using a format called BSON (Binary JSON). This document-oriented model makes it easy to handle com 2 min read Python MySQLMySQL is a widely used open-source relational database for managing structured data. Integrating it with Python enables efficient data storage, retrieval and manipulation within applications. To work with MySQL in Python, we use MySQL Connector, a driver that enables seamless integration between the 9 min read Python PackagesPython packages are a way to organize and structure code by grouping related modules into directories. A package is essentially a folder that contains an __init__.py file and one or more Python files (modules). This organization helps manage and reuse code effectively, especially in larger projects. 12 min read Python ModulesPython Module is a file that contains built-in functions, classes,its and variables. There are many Python modules, each with its specific work.In this article, we will cover all about Python modules, such as How to create our own simple module, Import Python modules, From statements in Python, we c 7 min read Python DSA LibrariesData Structures and Algorithms (DSA) serve as the backbone for efficient problem-solving and software development. Python, known for its simplicity and versatility, offers a plethora of libraries and packages that facilitate the implementation of various DSA concepts. In this article, we'll delve in 15 min read List of Python GUI Library and PackagesGraphical User Interfaces (GUIs) play a pivotal role in enhancing user interaction and experience. Python, known for its simplicity and versatility, has evolved into a prominent choice for building GUI applications. With the advent of Python 3, developers have been equipped with lots of tools and li 11 min read Data Science with PythonNumPy Tutorial - Python LibraryNumPy (short for Numerical Python ) is one of the most fundamental libraries in Python for scientific computing. It provides support for large, multi-dimensional arrays and matrices along with a collection of mathematical functions to operate on arrays.At its core it introduces the ndarray (n-dimens 3 min read Pandas TutorialPandas is an open-source software library designed for data manipulation and analysis. It provides data structures like series and DataFrames to easily clean, transform and analyze large datasets and integrates with other Python libraries, such as NumPy and Matplotlib. It offers functions for data t 6 min read Matplotlib TutorialMatplotlib is an open-source visualization library for the Python programming language, widely used for creating static, animated and interactive plots. It provides an object-oriented API for embedding plots into applications using general-purpose GUI toolkits like Tkinter, Qt, GTK and wxPython. It 5 min read Python Seaborn TutorialSeaborn is a library mostly used for statistical plotting in Python. It is built on top of Matplotlib and provides beautiful default styles and color palettes to make statistical plots more attractive.In this tutorial, we will learn about Python Seaborn from basics to advance using a huge dataset of 15+ min read StatsModel Library- TutorialStatsmodels is a useful Python library for doing statistics and hypothesis testing. It provides tools for fitting various statistical models, performing tests and analyzing data. It is especially used for tasks in data science ,economics and other fields where understanding data is important. It is 4 min read Learning Model Building in Scikit-learnBuilding machine learning models from scratch can be complex and time-consuming. Scikit-learn which is an open-source Python library which helps in making machine learning more accessible. It provides a straightforward, consistent interface for a variety of tasks like classification, regression, clu 8 min read TensorFlow TutorialTensorFlow is an open-source machine-learning framework developed by Google. It is written in Python, making it accessible and easy to understand. It is designed to build and train machine learning (ML) and deep learning models. It is highly scalable for both research and production.It supports CPUs 2 min read PyTorch TutorialPyTorch is an open-source deep learning framework designed to simplify the process of building neural networks and machine learning models. With its dynamic computation graph, PyTorch allows developers to modify the networkâs behavior in real-time, making it an excellent choice for both beginners an 7 min read Web Development with PythonFlask TutorialFlask is a lightweight and powerful web framework for Python. Itâs often called a "micro-framework" because it provides the essentials for web development without unnecessary complexity. Unlike Django, which comes with built-in features like authentication and an admin panel, Flask keeps things mini 8 min read Django Tutorial | Learn Django FrameworkDjango is a Python framework that simplifies web development by handling complex tasks for you. It follows the "Don't Repeat Yourself" (DRY) principle, promoting reusable components and making development faster. With built-in features like user authentication, database connections, and CRUD operati 10 min read Django ORM - Inserting, Updating & Deleting DataDjango's Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) is one of the key features that simplifies interaction with the database. It allows developers to define their database schema in Python classes and manage data without writing raw SQL queries. The Django ORM bridges the gap between Python objects and databas 4 min read Templating With Jinja2 in FlaskFlask is a lightweight WSGI framework that is built on Python programming. WSGI simply means Web Server Gateway Interface. Flask is widely used as a backend to develop a fully-fledged Website. And to make a sure website, templating is very important. Flask is supported by inbuilt template support na 6 min read Django TemplatesTemplates are the third and most important part of Django's MVT Structure. A Django template is basically an HTML file that can also include CSS and JavaScript. The Django framework uses these templates to dynamically generate web pages that users interact with. Since Django primarily handles the ba 7 min read Python | Build a REST API using FlaskPrerequisite: Introduction to Rest API REST stands for REpresentational State Transfer and is an architectural style used in modern web development. It defines a set or rules/constraints for a web application to send and receive data. In this article, we will build a REST API in Python using the Fla 3 min read How to Create a basic API using Django Rest Framework ?Django REST Framework (DRF) is a powerful extension of Django that helps you build APIs quickly and easily. It simplifies exposing your Django models as RESTfulAPIs, which can be consumed by frontend apps, mobile clients or other services.Before creating an API, there are three main steps to underst 4 min read Python PracticePython QuizThese Python quiz questions are designed to help you become more familiar with Python and test your knowledge across various topics. From Python basics to advanced concepts, these topic-specific quizzes offer a comprehensive way to practice and assess your understanding of Python concepts. These Pyt 3 min read Python Coding Practice ProblemsThis collection of Python coding practice problems is designed to help you improve your overall programming skills in Python.The links below lead to different topic pages, each containing coding problems, and this page also includes links to quizzes. You need to log in first to write your code. Your 1 min read Python Interview Questions and AnswersPython is the most used language in top companies such as Intel, IBM, NASA, Pixar, Netflix, Facebook, JP Morgan Chase, Spotify and many more because of its simplicity and powerful libraries. To crack their Online Assessment and Interview Rounds as a Python developer, we need to master important Pyth 15+ min read Like