Python MySQL - Insert record if not exists in table

Last Updated : 13 Nov, 2023

In this article, we will try to insert records and check if they EXISTS or not. The EXISTS condition in SQL is used to check if the result of a correlated nested query is empty (contains no tuples) or not. It can be used to INSERT, SELECT, UPDATE, or DELETE statements.

Pre-requisite

Insert Record If Not Exists in Table

Query Used:

INSERT INTO table-name(col1, col2, col3) \ 
SELECT * FROM (SELECT val1, val2, val3) as temp \    
WHERE NOT EXISTS \    
(SELECT primary-key FROM table-name WHERE primary-key = inserted-record) LIMIT 1

Suppose we have a database called test and a table named geeksfoegeeks. Below are the schema and data of the table:

Since each individual has a unique identification number, we will insert records and check the ID_NO of that person. If ID_NO is not already present in the table, the record will be inserted, else the record will be discarded.

Inserting Record When the Record Does Not Exists

In this example, we are inserting the record when the record already exists. We know that each individual has a unique identification number, then we will insert records and check the ID_NO of that person and if ID_NO is not already present in the table then the record will be inserted.

Python3

# import required modules
import pymysql


# establish connection to MySQL
connection = pymysql.connect(
    # specify host name
  
    host="localhost",
    
    # specify username
    user="root",
    
    # enter password for above user
    password="1234",
    
    # default port number for MySQL is 3306
    port=3306,
    
    # specify database name
    db="test"
)


# make cursor for establish connection
mycursor = connection.cursor()


# display records before inserting
mycursor.execute("Select * from geeksfoegeeks")
myresult = mycursor.fetchall()
for i in myresult:
    print(i)

    
# statement to insert record
mycursor.execute(
    "Insert into geeksfoegeeks(name,address,age,mob_number,ID_NO) \
    select * from( Select 'Thomas','UK',30,1892345670,'IND100') as temp \
    where not exists \
    (Select ID_NO from geeksfoegeeks where ID_NO='IND100') LIMIT 1")
print("After inserting a record....")


# print records after insertion
mycursor.execute("Select * from geeksfoegeeks")
myresult = mycursor.fetchall()
for i in myresult:
    print(i)
mycursor.execute("Commit")


# close connection
connection.close()

Output

In the above, output we could see that the record ('Thomas','UK',30,1892345670,'IND100') was inserted into MySQL table.

Insert Record When The Record Exists

Below are the schema and data of the table geeksdemo in database geek:

In this example, we will try to insert the record when the record already exists. We know that each individual has a unique identification number, then we will insert records and check the ID_NO of that person and if ID_NO is present in the table then the record will be discarded.

Python3

# import required modules
import pymysql


# establish connection to MySQL
connection = pymysql.connect(
    # specify host name
    host="localhost",
   
    # specify username
    user="root",
   
    # enter password for above user
    password="",
    
    # default port number for MySQL is 3306
    port=3306,
    
    # specify database name
    db="geek"
)


# make cursor for establish connection
mycursor = connection.cursor()


# display records before inserting
mycursor.execute("Select * from geeksdemo")
myresult = mycursor.fetchall()
for i in myresult:
    print(i)
    
    
# statement to insert record
mycursor.execute(
    "Insert into geeksdemo(id,name,gender,dept) \
    select * from( Select 5,'Thomas','m','information technology') as temp \
    where not exists \
    (Select id from geeksdemo where id=5) LIMIT 1")
print("After inserting a record....")


# print records after insertion
mycursor.execute("Select * from geeksdemo")


myresult = mycursor.fetchall()
for i in myresult:
    print(i)
mycursor.execute("Commit")


# close connection
connection.close()

Output

We observe that record (5,'Thomas','m','information technology') was not inserted into the table again. The following image is the output of MySQL database, after running the above python script.

We can see that 0 rows were affected. Therefore, no record was inserted as it already existed in the table with another record.

Python MySQL - Delete Query

rohanchopra96

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Python MySQL - Insert record if not exists in table

Insert Record If Not Exists in Table

Inserting Record When the Record Does Not Exists

Insert Record When The Record Exists

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