PostgreSQL - LOWER function Last Updated : 15 Jul, 2025 Comments Improve Suggest changes Like Article Like Report In PostgreSQL, the LOWER() function is a powerful tool used to convert strings, expressions, or values in a column to lowercase. This function is essential for text normalization, making data comparisons easier and more consistent. Let's look into the syntax, and usage of the LOWER() function in PostgreSQL with detailed examples.What is the LOWER() Function in PostgreSQL?The LOWER() function takes an input string and converts all the characters to lowercase. This is particularly useful when you need to perform case-insensitive comparisons or store data in a uniform format.SyntaxLOWER(string or value or expression)Parameterstring_or_value_or_expression: This argument can be a string, a value, or an expression that you want to convert to lowercase.PostgreSQL LOWER function ExamplesLet us take a look at some of the examples of LOWER Function in PostgreSQL to better understand the concept.Example 1: Converting Column Values to LowercaseThe below statement uses LOWER function to get the full names of the films from the 'Film' table of the sample database, ie, dvdrental:SELECT LOWER(title) from film;Output:Explanation: Here, the LOWER() function converts the title column values to lowercase.Example 2: Converting a String to LowercaseThe below statement converts an upper case string to lower case:SELECT LOWER('GEEKSFORGEEKS');Output:Explanation: The LOWER() function converts the input string 'GEEKSFORGEEKS' to 'geeksforgeeks'.Important Points About the PostgreSQL LOWER() FunctionThe LOWER() function consistently converts all characters in the input to lowercase.The function is useful for making case-insensitive comparisons.Use the CAST function to convert non-string values to strings if necessary.Applicable to strings, expressions, and column values. Comment More info R rajukumar19 Follow Improve Article Tags : PostgreSQL PostgreSQL-function PostgreSQL-String-function Explore BasicsPostgreSQL Tutorial8 min readWhat is PostgreSQL - Introduction2 min readInstall PostgreSQL on Windows2 min readInstall PostgreSQL on Mac3 min readDatabase OperationsPostgreSQL - Create Database5 min readPostgreSQL - Loading a Database3 min readPostgreSQL ALTER DATABASE3 min readPostgreSQL - Rename Database4 min readPostgreSQL - Show Databases3 min readData TypesPostgreSQL - Data Types5 min readPostgreSQL - Boolean Data Type4 min readPostgreSQL - CHAR Data Type5 min readPostgreSQL - VARCHAR Data Type3 min readPostgreSQL - NUMERIC Data Type5 min readPostgreSQL - Date Data Type4 min readPostgreSQL - TIME Data Type4 min readPostgreSQL - JSON Data Type4 min readPostgreSQL - CREATE DOMAIN3 min readQuerying TablesPostgreSQL - SELECT3 min readPostgreSQL - ORDER BY clause2 min readPostgreSQL - WHERE clause6 min readPostgreSQL FETCH Clause4 min readPostgreSQL - IN operator4 min readPostgreSQL - HAVING clause4 min readPostgreSQL - GROUP BY clause4 min readPostgreSQL - LIKE operator5 min readPostgreSQL - BETWEEN Operator3 min readTable OperationsPostgreSQL - CREATE TABLE5 min readPostgreSQL - SELECT INTO4 min readPostgreSQL - CREATE SEQUENCE4 min readPostgreSQL - ALTER TABLE6 min readPostgreSQL - ADD COLUMN4 min readPostgreSQL - DROP COLUMN2 min readPostgreSQL - Rename Table2 min readPostgreSQL - DROP TABLE5 min readPostgreSQL - TRUNCATE TABLE4 min readPostgreSQL - Copy a Table3 min readPostgreSQL - Comparing Tables3 min readPostgreSQL - Show Tables4 min readModifying DataPostgreSQL - INSERT4 min readPostgreSQL - Insert Multiple Values in Various Rows3 min readPostgreSQL UPDATE Statement5 min readPostgreSQL - DELETE4 min readPostgreSQL - Upsert4 min readConditionalsPostgreSQL - CASE3 min readPostgreSQL COALESCE5 min readPostgreSQL - NULLIF() Function4 min readPostgreSQL - CAST3 min readControl FlowPostgreSQL - IF Statement5 min readPostgreSQL - CASE Statement4 min readPostgreSQL - Loop Statement3 min readPostgreSQL - While Loops4 min readPostgreSQL - Exit Statement3 min readPostgreSQL - Continue3 min readTransactions & ConstraintsPostgreSQL - Transactions4 min readPostgreSQL - COMMIT4 min readPostgreSQL - Primary Key4 min readPostgreSQL - Foreign Key5 min readPostgreSQL - CHECK Constraint2 min readPostgreSQL - UNIQUE Constraint3 min readPostgreSQL - NOT NULL Constraint3 min readJOINS & SchemasPostgreSQL - Joins5 min readPostgreSQL - LEFT JOIN5 min readPostgreSQL - INNER JOIN2 min readPostgreSQL - FULL OUTER JOIN4 min readPostgreSQL - SELF JOIN4 min readPostgreSQL - Schema5 min readPostgreSQL - CREATE SCHEMA5 min readPostgreSQL - DROP SCHEMA4 min readPostgreSQL - ALTER SCHEMA3 min read Like