Perl | Useful Hash functions Last Updated : 12 Jul, 2025 Comments Improve Suggest changes Like Article Like Report A hash is a set of key-value pairs. Perl stores elements of a hash such that it searches for the values based on its keys. Perl provides various functions to perform operations on Hashes, such as to return values of the hash, to delete elements from a hash, etc. Example: Perl #!/usr/bin/perl # Initializing hash %hash1 = ('Welcome' => 10, 'to' => 20, 'Geeks' => 80); # To delete the List passed as parameter $deleted_element = delete($hash1{'to'}); # Printing elements of Hash print "$hash1{'Welcome'}\n"; print "$hash1{'to'}\n"; print "$hash1{'Geeks'}\n"; # Printing the deleted element print "Deleted element: $deleted_element"; Output: 10 80 Deleted element: 20 Some useful functions for hash operations in Perl are listed below: Function Description values() Returns the list of all the values stored in a Hash keys() Returns all the keys of the HASH as a list each() Returns a Two-element list consisting of the key and value pair in List context and key for the next element when called in scalar context delete() Used to delete the specified keys and their associated values from a hash, or the specified elements in the case of an array Comment More infoAdvertise with us Next Article Perl | Useful Math functions A Abhinav96 Follow Improve Article Tags : Perl Perl-hashes Perl-Hash-Functions Similar Reads Perl | Useful Math functions In Perl, sometimes there is a need to solve various expressions that contain some mathematical operations. These mathematical operations can be performed with the use of various inbuilt-functions. Perl #!/usr/bin/perl # Initialising some values for the # parameter of the exp function $A = 0; $B = 1; 4 min read Perl | Useful File-handling functions Perl was originally developed for the text processing like extracting the required information from a specified text file and for converting the text file into a different form. These operations can be performed by the use of various inbuilt file functions. Example: Perl #!/usr/bin/perl # Opening a 2 min read Perl | values() Function values() Function in Perl returns the list of all the values stored in a Hash. In a scalar context it returns the number of elements stored in the Hash. Note: Values returned from the value() Function may not always be in the same order. Syntax: values Hash Returns: list of values in the list contex 2 min read Perl | keys() Function keys() function in Perl returns all the keys of the HASH as a list. Order of elements in the List need not to be same always, but, it matches to the order returned by values and each function. Syntax: keys(HASH) Parameter: HASH: Hash whose keys are to be printed Return: For scalar context, it return 1 min read Perl | Subroutines or Functions | Set - 2 Prerequisite: Subroutines or Functions in Perl A Perl function or subroutine is a group of statements that together perform a specific task. In every programming language user want to reuse the code. So the user puts the section of code in function or subroutine so that there will be no need to writ 4 min read Perl | each() Function This function returns a Two-element list consisting of the key and value pair for the next element of a hash when called in List context, so that you can iterate over it. Whereas it returns only the key for the next element of the hash when called in scalar context. Syntax: each MY_HASH Parameter: M 1 min read Like