jQuery | Selectors and Event Methods
Last Updated :
27 May, 2024
jQuery selectors allow targeting HTML elements using CSS-like syntax, enabling manipulation or interaction. Event methods facilitate handling user actions, like clicks or input changes, by attaching functions to selected elements, enhancing interactivity and dynamic behavior in web development.
jQuery selectors:
jQuery selectors are methods that allow you to target HTML elements using CSS-like syntax. They enable you to efficiently select and manipulate elements on a web page, simplifying DOM traversal and manipulation tasks.
Syntax:
$("selector-name")
Elements Selector :
The Elements Selector in jQuery allows targeting HTML elements based on their tag names. It selects all elements of a specified type on a web page, enabling bulk manipulation or interaction with elements sharing the same tag.
Example : In this example, when the user clicks on button, the <h1> element gets hidden. Code :-
html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<script src=
"https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.min.js">
</script>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to Geeks for Geeks !</h1>
<h2>This is Web Technology section </h2>
<br />
<button>Hide</button>
<script type="text/javascript">
$("button").click(function () {
$("h1").hide();
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
Id Selector :
The jQuery ID Selector targets an element on a web page by its unique identifier (ID). It uses the `#` symbol followed by the ID value to select and manipulate the specific element, offering efficient and precise DOM manipulation.
Example : In this example, when the user double clicks on button, the element with id = "gfg" gets hidden. Code:-
html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<script src=
"https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.min.js">
</script>
</head>
<body>
<p id="gfg">Welcome to Geeks for Geeks !</p>
<p id="GFG">Computer Science Portal </p>
<br />
<button>Hide</button>
<script type="text/javascript">
$("button").dblclick(function () {
$("#gfg").hide();
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
Class Selector :
The jQuery Class Selector selects elements based on their class attribute. It uses the `.` symbol followed by the class name to target and manipulate multiple elements sharing the same class.
Example : In this example, when the user clicks on button, the element with class = "GFG" gets hidden. Code :-
html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<script src=
"https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.min.js">
</script>
</head>
<body>
<p class="gfg">Welcome to Geeks for Geeks !</p>
<p class="GFG">Explore More about GfG </p>
<br />
<button>Hide</button>
<script type="text/javascript">
$("button").click(function () {
$(".GFG").hide();
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
jQuery Event methods:
jQuery event methods allow binding functions to HTML elements to respond to user interactions like clicks, hovers, or form submissions. They streamline event handling, providing cross-browser compatibility and simplifying the implementation of interactive web functionality.
Some of the events methods are given below
| Method Name | Description |
|---|
| click() | The click() method contains an function for event handling which gets invoked when the user clicks on the particular HTML element. |
| dblclick() | The dblclick() method contains an function for event handling which gets invoked when the user double clicks on the particular HTML element. |
| mouseenter() | The mouseenter() method contains an function for event handling which gets invoked when mouse pointer enters the particular HTML element. |
| mouseleave() | The mouseleave() method contains an function for event handling which gets invoked when mouse pointer is removed from the particular HTML element which was selected earlier. |
| mousedown() | The mousedown() method contains an function for event handling which gets invoked when mouse left, right or middle button is pressed while the mouse pointer is over the HTML element. |
| mouseup() | The mouseup() method contains an function for event handling which gets invoked when mouse left, right or middle button is released while the mouse pointer is over the HTML element. |
| hover() | The hover() method contains an function for event handling which gets invoked when mouse pointer enter and leaves the HTML element. It is a combination of mouseenter() and mouseleave() methods. |
Get and Set Methods:
jQuery has various methods to get the value of an attribute and set the attribute to specific value.There methods are powerful enough to the change the website content and its style. Some of them are:
| Method | Description |
|---|
| text() | Get or set the text content of selected HTML element. |
| html() | Get or set the content of selected elements, including HTML. |
| val() | Get or set the value of various form fields on the webpage. |
| attr() | Get or set the value of various attributes on the webpage. |
| css() | Get or set the value of various CSS properties on the webpage. |
Example : In this example HTML document with jQuery library included. Buttons trigger jQuery events to change text, HTML content, input value, alignment, and CSS property of elements dynamically.
html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<script src=
"https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.min.js">
</script>
<style type="text/css">
#e5 {
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
border-radius: 0px;
background-color: aqua;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p id="e1">Welcome.</p>
<p id="e2">Learn and Explore</p>
<p>
<input type="text" id="e3" value="jQuery is powerful!" />
</p>
<p id="e4" align="left">Geeks for Geeks</p>
<p>
<div id="e5"></div>
</p>
<button id="gfg1">Change Text</button>
<button id="gfg2">Change HTML</button>
<button id="gfg3">Change Value</button>
<button id="gfg4">Change Alignment</button>
<button id="gfg5">Change Shape</button>
<script type="text/javascript">
$("#gfg1").click(function () {
$("#e1").text("Geeks for Geeks");
});
$("#gfg2").click(function () {
$("#e2").html("<b>Enrich your Knowledge.</b>");
});
$("#gfg3").click(function () {
$("#e3").val("jQuery at Geeks for Geeks");
});
$("#gfg4").click(function () {
$("#e4").attr("align", "center");
});
$("#gfg5").click(function () {
$("#e5").css("border-radius", "50px");
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
Output:
jQuery Event Methods
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