JPEG Full Form Last Updated : 12 Jul, 2025 Comments Improve Suggest changes Like Article Like Report JPEG stands for Joint Photographic Experts Group. Mainly JPEG is a type of digital image compression. Also, it is known as a format of image, but this is completely false because JPEG is a technique of image compression, it is used for many file formats such as EPS, PDF, even TIFF files also. And the format similar to JPEG is JPG, many of us are thinking that these 2 are the same. This technique of image compression developed by the Joint Photography Experts Group so that its name is JPEG. This compression uses a lossy compression algorithm so that some information is removed from the image when compressing. The JPEG standard works by averaging color variation and discard the information that the human eye cannot see.How JPEG compression works?JPEG is compressed into either full-color or grayscale images. In the case of color images, RGB is transformed into a luminance or chrominance color space. JPEG compression mainly works by identifying similar areas of color inside the image and converting them to actually the same color code. JPEG uses the DCT (Discrete Cosine Transform) method to compress for coding transformation. Steps of Compression:The raw image is first converted to a different color model, which separates the color of a pixel from its brightness.image is divided into a small block which is having 8x8 block, each block is called pixel.Then RGB is converted into Y-Cb-Cr, JPEG uses a Y-Cb-Cr model instead of RGB.After that, DCT is applied to each block of pixels and converts the image from the spatial domain to the frequency domain. The formula followed by the DCT method :F(W)={\frac{a(u)}{2}}\displaystyle\sum_{n=0}^{N-1}f(n) \cos(\frac{wr}{8}(n+{\frac{1}{2}})) M/div>Then make the resulting image quantized, because human eyes can not see high frequency so to the make the is low quantization is applied.After quantization, zigzag scan is performed on these quantized 8x8 blocks to group the low-frequency coefficients.The coefficients is then encoded by Run Length and Huffman coding algorithm to get the final image.History of JPEGIn the year 1982 the ISO(International Organization for Standardization) formed a Photographic Expert Group to research on how to transmit Video and still images over data links. Three years later, the CCITT formed a group to work on compression technique of image. Then in the year 1987 the two groups are attached together and make another group called Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG), then all were working on a new standard which use data compression to make the graphics file small. Then JPEG was created in 1992 and the latest version released in the year 1994.Characteristics of JPEGThe main characteristics of JPEG is that, it uses lossy compression technique, so that the size of the image is less.JPEG standard works by averaging color variation and discard the information what the human eye cannot see to reduce the size of the image. For this it is lossy compression.JPEG has an improved way to compress a file, that it automatically looks over the file and chooses the best way to compress it.JPEG has composed of some separate parts, that are,JPEG-ISO/IEC 10918-1 :It defines the core coding technology of JPEG and it involves options for encoding photographic imagesJPEG-ISO/IEC 10918-2 : This part has several rules for testing software.(JPEG-ISO/IEC 10918-3 :This part defines the set of extensions to the coding technologies of Part 1 including Still Picture Interchange File Format(SPIFF)JPEG-ISO/IEC 10918-4 :This part focuses on the registration of files which has JPEG extensions.JPEG-ISO/IEC 10918-5 :This is file format which is known as JPEG File Interchange Format(JFIF).JPEG can works with multiple files, that is, it can working on several image at the same time.Advantages of JPEGIt has very good compression rate, image quality, also has good transmission rate.JPEG standard is supports 24-bit color with up to 16 million colors, so the resolution in maximum level is superb.JPEG files are very small in size but according to the size the quality is not low. So we can save our disk space while store JPEG files without effecting the quality of the image.Image Processing time is much faster than other image standards.It is suitable for full-color realistic images with a lot of color and contrast transitions.JPEG is compatible with every computer, mobile devices, camera devices and also photo editors.The user can independently selects the ratio quality of the image in JPEGThere is no need of editing required to print any image, JPEG files can be printed directly from camera devices without editing.Disadvantages of JPEGImage may loss important details from the image because of lossy compression, that is, the image is dived into 8x8 blocks, then much information is discarded.JPEG is not a flexible application, because JPEG is not efficient for image which contains texts, sharp lines or edges. JPEG is good for portraits and nature photographs mainly.Quality of image is reduced after JPEG compression, mainly for text based images. For other images its not effect so much if we are not see the image in detail.JPEG standard does not support opacity or transparency, most of the cases he transparent portion of any image is consider as white area in JPEG.JPEG does not handle Black & White and motion pictures.JPEG images have less color depth than other image formats.In JPEG Layered image is not support.ConclusionJPEG is a go-to format for many people because it makes sharing and storing photos easy with its small file sizes and decent quality. Its widespread use and compatibility with almost all devices make it perfect for everyday photo needs. Knowing about JPEG can help you choose the best way to save and share your pictures, balancing the need for quality and space. Whether you’re editing photos or just saving memories, JPEG is a simple and effective choice. Comment More infoAdvertise with us Next Article Basic Graphic Programming in C++ S SoumikMondal Follow Improve Article Tags : Computer Graphics Graphic Designing Similar Reads Computer Graphics Recent Articles on Computer GraphicsTable of Content Basics :Output Primitives :2-Dimensional Viewing :Visible Surface Detection :3-Dimension Object Representation :Open GL :Graphics function in C :Misc : Basics :Basic Graphic Programming in C++Vector vs Raster GraphicsSegments in Computer GraphicsI 2 min read BasicsBasic Graphic Programming in C++Introduction So far we have been using C language for simple console output only.  Most of us are unaware that using C++, low level graphics program can also be made. This means we can incorporate shapes,colors and designer fonts in our program. This article deals with the steps to enable the DevC++ 2 min read Vector vs Raster GraphicsWhen it comes to digital images, two main types are commonly used: raster and vector graphics. Understanding the difference between these two can help you choose the right format for your project. Raster graphics, made up of tiny pixels, are ideal for detailed and colorful images like photographs. O 7 min read Segments in Computer GraphicsIntroduction : Introduction segments are a fundamental concept in computer graphics, used to represent the basic building blocks of a graphical scene. They are commonly used in 2D graphics to represent lines or curves that connect two or more points. An introduction segment is defined by two endpoin 8 min read Image FormatsImage formats are different types of file types used for saving pictures, graphics, and photos. Choosing the right image format is important because it affects how your images look, load, and perform on websites, social media, or in print. Common formats include JPEG, PNG, GIF, and SVG, each with it 5 min read Output PrimitivesDDA Line generation Algorithm in Computer GraphicsIntroduction : DDA (Digital Differential Analyzer) is a line drawing algorithm used in computer graphics to generate a line segment between two specified endpoints. It is a simple and efficient algorithm that works by using the incremental difference between the x-coordinates and y-coordinates of th 12 min read Bresenham’s Line Generation AlgorithmGiven the coordinate of two points A(x1, y1) and B(x2, y2). The task is to find all the intermediate points required for drawing line AB on the computer screen of pixels. Note that every pixel has integer coordinates. Examples: Input : A(0,0), B(4,4)Output : (0,0), (1,1), (2,2), (3,3), (4,4) Input : 14 min read Mid-Point Line Generation AlgorithmGiven coordinate of two points A(x1, y1) and B(x2, y2) such that x1 < x2 and y1 < y2. The task to find all the intermediate points required for drawing line AB on the computer screen of pixels. Note that every pixel has integer coordinates.We have discussed below algorithms for this task. DDA 11 min read Program to find line passing through 2 PointsGiven two points P and Q in the coordinate plane, find the equation of the line passing through both points.This kind of conversion is very useful in many geometric algorithms like intersection of lines, finding the circumcenter of a triangle, finding the incenter of a triangle and many more... Exam 6 min read Bresenham’s circle drawing algorithmIt is not easy to display a continuous smooth arc on the computer screen as our computer screen is made of pixels organized in matrix form. So, to draw a circle on a computer screen we should always choose the nearest pixels from a printed pixel so as they could form an arc. There are two algorithm 4 min read Anti-aliased Line | Xiaolin Wu's algorithmAnti-Aliased Line Drawing Below is the image showing line drawn with Bresenham's line algorithm (left) and Xiaolin Wu's line algorithm (right) which smooths the line. Which one looks better to you ? Anti Aliasing concept Suppose we want to draw a line from point(1 , 1) to point(8 , 4) with rectangul 10 min read Neighbors of a point on a circle using Bresenham's algorithmGiven a center of a circle and its radius. our task is to find the neighbors of any point on the discrete circle. Examples: Input : Center = (0, 0), Radius = 3 Point for determining neighbors = (2, 2)Output : Neighbors of given point are : (1, 3), (3, 1)Input : Center = (2, 2) Radius 2 Point of det 15 min read Mid-Point Circle Drawing AlgorithmThe mid-point circle drawing algorithm is an algorithm used to determine the points needed for rasterizing a circle. We use the mid-point algorithm to calculate all the perimeter points of the circle in the first octant and then print them along with their mirror points in the other octants. This wi 15+ min read Boundary Fill AlgorithmPrerequisite : Flood fill algorithm, Scan-line polygon fillingIntroduction : Boundary Fill Algorithm starts at a pixel inside the polygon to be filled and paints the interior proceeding outwards towards the boundary. This algorithm works only if the color with which the region has to be filled and t 5 min read Flood fill Algorithm - how to implement fill() in paint?Flood Fill is a classic algorithm used to change the color of an area in a 2D image where all pixels are connected and have the same initial color. Think of it like the paint bucket tool in graphic design software like MS Paint or Photoshop—when you click on a spot, it automatically fills that area 2 min read Flood fill algorithm using C graphicsGiven a rectangle, your task to fill this rectangle using flood fill algorithm. Examples: Input : rectangle(left = 50, top = 50, right= 100, bottom = 100) flood( x = 55, y = 55, new_color = 12, old_color = 0) Output : Input : rectangle(left = 50, top = 50, right= 200, bottom = 400) flood( x = 51, y 2 min read Draw a line in C++ graphicsgraphics.h library is used to include and facilitate graphical operations in program. graphics.h functions can be used to draw different shapes, display text in different fonts, change colors and many more. Using functions of graphics.h you can make graphics programs, animations, projects and games. 2 min read Draw Rectangle in C graphicsrectangle() is used to draw a rectangle. Coordinates of left top and right bottom corner are required to draw the rectangle. left specifies the X-coordinate of top left corner, top specifies the Y-coordinate of top left corner, right specifies the X-coordinate of right bottom corner, bottom specifie 2 min read Draw circle in C graphicsThe header file graphics.h contains circle() function which draws a circle with center at (x, y) and given radius. Syntax : circle(x, y, radius); where, (x, y) is center of the circle. 'radius' is the Radius of the circle. Examples : Input : x = 250, y = 200, radius = 50 Output : Input : x = 300, y 1 min read Draw a circle without floating point arithmeticGiven a radius of a circle, draw the circle without using floating point arithmetic.The following program uses a simple concept. Let the radius of the circle be r. Consider a square of size (2r+1)*(2r+1) around the circle to be drawn. Now walk through every point inside the square. For every point ( 6 min read Code to Generate the Map of India (With Explanation)Given an obfuscated code that generates the map of India, explain its working. The following code when executed generates the map of India. An obfuscated code is a code that has been deliberately made difficult to understand or difficult to read, typically for the purpose of hiding its logic or maki 8 min read 2-Dimensional Viewing2D Transformation in Computer Graphics | Set 1 (Scaling of Objects)We can use a 2 × 2 matrix to change or transform, a 2D vector. This kind of operation, which takes in a 2-vector and produces another 2-vector by a simple matrix multiplication, is a linear transformation. By this simple formula, we can achieve a variety of useful transformations, depending on what 5 min read 2D Transformation | Rotation of objectsWe have to rotate an object by a given angle about a given pivot point and print the new co-ordinates.Examples: Input : {(100, 100), (150, 200), (200, 200), (200, 150)} is to be rotated about (0, 0) by 90 degrees Output : (-100, 100), (-200, 150), (-200, 200), (-150, 200) Input : {(100, 100), (100, 7 min read Point Clipping Algorithm in Computer GraphicsThe Point Clipping Algorithm is a fundamental algorithm used in Computer Graphics to determine whether a point lies inside or outside a specific region or boundary. It is particularly useful when dealing with objects that have complex shapes or when displaying only a portion of an image. Clipping: I 10 min read Line Clipping | Set 1 (Cohen–Sutherland Algorithm)Description:- In this algorithm, we are given 9 regions on the screen. Out of which one region is of the window and the rest 8 regions are around it given by 4 digit binary.  The division of the regions are based on (x_max, y_max) and (x_min, y_min). The central part is the viewing region or window, 15+ min read Polygon Clipping | Sutherland–Hodgman AlgorithmA convex polygon and a convex clipping area are given. The task is to clip polygon edges using the Sutherland–Hodgman Algorithm. Input is in the form of vertices of the polygon in clockwise order. Examples: Input : Polygon : (100,150), (200,250), (300,200) Clipping Area : (150,150), (150,200), (200, 15 min read Implementation of a Falling MatrixSince the dawn of computers, Hollywood has greatly demonstrated a Hacker or a Programmer as someone sitting on a computer typing random keys on computer which ultimately compiles to a Falling matrix like simulation. Here, we will try to implement a similar falling matrix simulation on the console us 5 min read Visible Surface DetectionA-Buffer MethodPrerequisite : depth-buffer (or Z Buffer) method A-Buffer method in computer graphics is a general hidden face detection mechanism suited to medium scale virtual memory computers. This method is also known as anti-aliased or area-averaged or accumulation buffer. This method extends the algorithm of 3 min read Z-Buffer or Depth-Buffer methodWhen viewing a picture containing non transparent objects and surfaces, it is not possible to see those objects from view which are behind from the objects closer to eye. To get the realistic screen image, removal of these hidden surfaces is must. The identification and removal of these surfaces is 5 min read Back-Face Detection MethodWhen we project 3-D objects on a 2-D screen, we need to detect the faces that are hidden on 2D. Back-Face detection, also known as Plane Equation method, is an object space method in which objects and parts of objects are compared to find out the visible surfaces. Let us consider a triangular surfac 3 min read 3-Dimension Object RepresentationSnowflakes Fractal using PythonTo create Snowflake fractals using Python programmingWhat are fractals A fractal is a never-ending pattern. Fractals are infinitely complex patterns that are self-similar across different scales. They are created by repeating a simple process over and over in an ongoing feedback loop. Driven by recu 3 min read Koch Curve or Koch SnowflakeWhat is Koch Curve? The Koch snowflake (also known as the Koch curve, Koch star, or Koch island) is a mathematical curve and one of the earliest fractal curves to have been described. It is based on the Koch curve, which appeared in a 1904 paper titled "On a continuous curve without tangents, constr 4 min read Klee's Algorithm (Length Of Union Of Segments of a line)Given starting and ending positions of segments on a line, the task is to take the union of all given segments and find length covered by these segments.Examples: Input : segments[] = {{2, 5}, {4, 8}, {9, 12}} Output : 9 Explanation: segment 1 = {2, 5} segment 2 = {4, 8} segment 3 = {9, 12} If we ta 9 min read Cubic Bezier Curve Implementation in CWhat is a bezier curve? So a Bezier curve is a mathematically defined curve used in two-dimensional graphic applications like adobe Illustrator, Inkscape etc. The curve is defined by four points: the initial position and the terminating position i.e P0 and P3 respectively (which are called "anchors" 11 min read Fractals in C/C++A Fractal is a never-ending pattern. Fractals are infinitely complex patterns that are self-similar across different scales. They are created by repeating a simple process over and over in an ongoing feedback loop. Mathematically fractals can be explained as follows. The location of a point on a scr 6 min read Open GLScan-line Polygon filling using OPENGL in CFigures on a computer screen can be drawn using polygons. To fill those figures with color, we need to develop some algorithm.There are two famous algorithms for this purpose: Boundary fill and Scanline fill algorithms.Boundary filling requires a lot of processing and thus encounters few problems in 8 min read Rendering a Triangle using OpenGL(using Shaders)In this article we'll see how to render a triangle using OpenGL. A triangle is probably the simplest shapes you can draw in OpenGL after points and lines and any complicated geometry that you make will me made up of number of triangles joined together.We'll be using the programmable pipeline, so we' 9 min read Getting started with OpenGLOpen Graphics Library (OpenGL) is a cross-language (language independent), cross-platform (platform-independent) API for rendering 2D and 3D Vector Graphics(use of polygons to represent image). OpenGL API is designed mostly in hardware. Design : This API is defined as a set of functions which may be 4 min read OpenGL program for Simple Ball GamePrerequisite - OpenGLOpenGL is a cross-language, cross-platform API for rendering 2D and 3D Vector Graphics. Using this, we can make a lot of design as well as animations. Below is a simple Game made using OpenGL.Description : In this, a ball is moving starting from middle and goes to up-left in sta 5 min read OpenGL program for simple Animation (Revolution) in COpenGL is a cross-language, cross-platform API for rendering 2D and 3D Vector Graphics. Using this, we can make a lot of design as well as animations. Below is the simple animation made using OpenGL.Approach : To make a picture moving, we need to understand the working procedure of a function used t 6 min read Translation of objects in computer graphicsIn computer graphics, we have seen how to draw some basic figures like line and circles. In this post we will discuss on basics of an important operation in computer graphics as well as 2-D geometry, which is transformation. In computer graphics, transformation of the coordinates consists of three m 7 min read Graphics function in Cpieslice() function in Cpieslice() draws and fills a pie slice with center at (x, y) and given radius r. The slice travels from s_angle to e_angle which are starting and ending angles for the pie slice. The angles for pie-slice are given in degrees and are measured counterclockwise. Syntax : void pieslice(int x, int y, int 2 min read outtextxy() function in CThe header file graphics.h contains outtextxy() function which displays the text or string at a specified point (x, y) on the screen. Syntax : void outtextxy(int x, int y, char *string); where, x, y are coordinates of the point and, third argument contains the address of string to be displayed. Exam 1 min read settextstyle function in CThe header file graphics.h contains settextstyle() function which is used to change the way in which text appears. Using it we can modify the size of text, change direction of text and change the font of text. Syntax : void settextstyle(int font, int direction, int font_size); where, font argument s 2 min read outtext() function in CThe header file graphics.h contains outtext() function which displays text at current position. Syntax : void outtext(char *string); Examples : Input : string = "Hello Geek, Have a good day !" Output : Input : string = "GeeksforGeeks is the best !" Output : Note : Do not use text mode functions like 1 min read setlinestyle() function in CThe header file graphics.h contains setlinestyle() function which sets the style for all lines drawn by line, lineto, rectangle, drawpoly, and so on. Syntax : void setlinestyle(int linestyle, unsigned upattern, int thickness); Examples : Input : x = 200, y = 100 Output : x and y are initialized as ( 2 min read getx() function in CThe header file graphics.h contains getx() function which returns the X coordinate of the current position. Syntax : int getx(); Example : Explanation : Initially, the X coordinate of the current position is 0. On moving the coordinates using moveto() function, the X coordinate changes to 80. Below 2 min read sector() function in CThe header file graphics.h contains sector() function which draws and fills an elliptical pie slice with (x, y) as center, (s_angle, e_angle) as starting and ending angle and (x_radius, y_radius) as x and y radius of sector. Syntax : void sector(int x, int y, int s_angle, int e_angle, int x_radius, 2 min read moveto() function in CThe header file graphics.h contains moveto() function which changes the current position to (x, y) Syntax : void moveto(int x, int y); Examples : Input : x = 70, y = 40 Output : Input : x = 50, y = 80 Output : Below is the implementation of moveto() function: C // C Implementation for moveto() #incl 2 min read gety() function in CThe header file graphics.h contains gety() function which returns the Y coordinate of the current position. Syntax : int gety(); Example : Explanation : Initially, the Y coordinate of the current position is 0. On moving the coordinates using moveto() function, the Y coordinate changes to 50. Below 2 min read getmaxx() function in CThe header file graphics.h contains getmaxx() function which returns the maximum X coordinate for current graphics mode and driver. Syntax : int getmaxx(); Below is the implementation of getmaxx() function: C // C Implementation for getmaxx() #include <graphics.h> #include <stdio.h> // d 1 min read lineto() function in CThe header file graphics.h contains lineto() function which draws a line from current position to the point(x,y). Note : Use getx() and gety() to get the current position. Syntax : lineto(int x, int y); where, (x, y) are the coordinates upto which the line will be drawn from previous point. CASE 1 : 2 min read arc function in CThe header file graphics.h contains arc() function which draws an arc with center at (x, y) and given radius. start_angle is the starting point of angle and end_angle is the ending point of the angle. The value of the angle can vary from 0 to 360 degree. Syntax : void arc(int x, int y, int start_ang 2 min read bar3d() function in C graphicsThe header file graphics.h contains bar3d() function which is used to draw a 2-dimensional, rectangular filled in bar . Coordinates of left top and right bottom corner of bar are required to draw the bar. Syntax : void bar3d(int left, int top, int right, int bottom, int depth, int topflag); where, l 2 min read moverel() function in CThe header file graphics.h contains moverel() function which moves a point from the current position(x_pos1, y_pos1) to a point that is at a relative distance (x, y) from the Current Position and then advances the Current Position by (x, y). Note : getx and gety can be used to find the current posit 3 min read cleardevice() function in CThe header file graphics.h contains cleardevice() function which clears the screen in graphics mode and sets the current position to (0,0). Clearing the screen consists of filling the screen with current background color. Syntax : void cleardevice(); Below is the implementation of cleardevice() in C 1 min read closegraph() function in CThe header file graphics.h contains closegraph() function which closes the graphics mode, deallocates all memory allocated by graphics system and restores the screen to the mode it was in before you called initgraph. Syntax : void closegraph(); Below is the implementation of closegraph() in C. C // 1 min read drawpoly() function in CThe header file graphics.h contains drawpoly() function which is used to draw polygons i.e. triangle, rectangle, pentagon, hexagon etc. Syntax : void drawpoly( int number, int *polypoints ); where, number indicates (n + 1) number of points where n is the number of vertices in a polygon. polypoints p 2 min read putpixel() function in CThe header file graphics.h contains putpixel() function which plots a pixel at location (x, y) of specified color. Syntax : void putpixel(int x, int y, int color); where, (x, y) is the location at which pixel is to be put , and color specifies the color of the pixel. Explanation : A RED color pixel 2 min read getarcoords() function in CThe header file graphics.h contains getarccoords() function which is used to get coordinates of arc which is drawn most recently. arccoordstype is a predefined structure which is defined as follows: Syntax : struct arccoordstype { // center point of arc int x, y; // start position int xstart, ystart 2 min read getbkcolor() function in CThe header file graphics.h contains getbkcolor() function which returns the current background color. Syntax : int getbkcolor(); As getbkcolor() returns an integer value corresponding to the background color, so below is the table for Color values. Colors Table : COLOR INT VALUES ------------------- 2 min read getmaxcolor() function in CThe header file graphics.h contains getmaxcolor() function, which returns maximum color value for current graphics mode and driver. As color numbering starts from zero, total number of colors available for current graphics mode and driver are ( getmaxcolor() + 1 ) . Syntax : int getmaxcolor(); Below 2 min read getpixel() function in CThe header file graphics.h contains getpixel() function which returns the color of pixel present at location (x, y). Syntax : int getpixel(int x, int y); Note : By default the screen is BLACK, therefore color of pixel at (0,0) is BLACK. Below is the implementation of getpixel() function. C // C Impl 2 min read setcolor function in CThe header file graphics.h contains setcolor() function which is used to set the current drawing color to the new color. Syntax : void setcolor(int color); Explanation : In Graphics, each color is assigned a number. Total number of colors available are 16. Number of available colors depends on curre 2 min read imagesize() function in CThe header file graphics.h contains imagesize() function which returns the number of bytes required to store a bit-image. Syntax : unsigned int imagesize(int left, int top, int right, int bottom); where, left, top, right, and bottom define the area of the screen in which image is stored. Below is th 2 min read textheight() function in CThe header file graphics.h contains textheight() function which returns the height of input string in pixels. Syntax : int textheight(char *string); Example : Input : string = "Hello Geek ! Have a good day." Output : Below is the implementation of textheight() function. C // C Implementation for tex 1 min read textwidth() function in CThe header file graphics.h contains textwidth () function which returns the width of input string in pixels. Syntax : int textwidth(char *string); Example : Input : string = "Hello Geek ! Have a good day." Output : Below is the implementation of textwidth() function. C // C Implementation for textwi 1 min read grapherrormsg() function in CThe header file graphics.h contains grapherrormsg() function which returns an error message string. Syntax : char *grapherrormsg( int errorcode ); where, errorcode: code for the respective error Illustration of the grapherrormsg() : In the below program, gd = DETECT is not written and thus program m 1 min read fillpoly() function in CThe header file graphics.h contains fillpoly() function which is used to draw and fill a polygon i.e. triangle, rectangle, pentagon, hexagon etc. It require same arguments as drawpoly(). Syntax : void fillpoly( int number, int *polypoints ); where, number indicates (n + 1) number of points where, n 3 min read fillellipse() function in CThe header file graphics.h contains fillellipse() function which draws and fills an ellipse with center at (x, y) and (x_radius, y_radius) as x and y radius of ellipse. Syntax : void fillellipse(int x, int y, int x_radius, int y_radius); where, (x, y) is center of the ellipse. (x_radius, y_radius) a 1 min read bar() function in C graphicsThe header file graphics.h contains bar() function which is used to draw a 2-dimensional, rectangular filled in bar. Syntax : void bar(int left, int top, int right, int bottom); where, left specifies the X-coordinate of top left corner, top specifies the Y-coordinate of top left corner, right specif 2 min read MiscHow to add "graphics.h" C/C++ library to gcc compiler in LinuxWhile trying c graphic programming on Ubuntu, I figured out that graphic.h is not a standard C library and it is not supported by gcc compiler. So I am writing this article to explain the process.If you want to use graphics.h on Ubuntu platform you need to compile and install libgraph. It is the imp 2 min read How to include graphics.h in CodeBlocks?Compiling graphics codes on CodeBlocks IDE shows an error: “Cannot find graphics.hâ€. This is because graphics.h runs is not available in the library folder of CodeBlocks. To successfully compile graphics code on CodeBlocks, setup winBGIm library. How to include graphics.h in CodeBlocks ? Please foll 2 min read Computer Graphics |Cathode Ray Oscilloscope| Cathode ray tube (video display technology)Computer Graphics has become a common element in today's modern world. Be it in user interfaces, data visualization, motion pictures, etc, computer graphics play an important role. The primary output device in a graphics system is a video monitor. Although many technologies exist, the operation of m 5 min read High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI)High Definition Multimedia Interface is one of the most used audio/video interfaces for transmitting uncompressed video data and compressed or uncompressed digital audio data from an HDMI-compliant source device. These devices can be a display controller, a compatible computer monitor, video project 4 min read Common Video FormatWhenever a video file is saved it contains two file in it. One is the container and other is codecs. Container defines the structure of the video file and which codecs will be used. Codecs is used to compress and decompress video file. Some of common container format are: Flash Video Format (.flv) T 2 min read Audio FormatAudio format defines the quality and loss of audio data. Based on application different type of audio format are used. Audio formats are broadly divided into three parts: Uncompressed Format Lossy Compressed format Lossless Compressed Format 1. Uncompressed Audio Format: PCM - It stands for Pulse-Co 3 min read Like