Spring - @PostConstruct and @PreDestroy Annotation with Example
Last Updated :
23 Jul, 2025
Spring is one of the most popular Java EE frameworks. It is an open-source lightweight framework that allows Java EE 7 developers to build simple, reliable, and scalable enterprise applications. This framework mainly focuses on providing various ways to help you manage your business objects. It made the development of Web applications much easier than compared to classic Java frameworks and application programming interfaces (APIs), such as Java database connectivity (JDBC), JavaServer Pages(JSP), and Java Servlet. This framework uses various new techniques such as Aspect-Oriented Programming (AOP), Plain Old Java Object (POJO), and dependency injection (DI), to develop enterprise applications. Now talking about Spring Annotation
Spring Annotations are a form of metadata that provides data about a program. Annotations are used to provide supplemental information about a program. It does not have a direct effect on the operation of the code they annotate. It does not change the action of the compiled program.
So what happens is, whenever we configure Spring Beans using dependency injection, sometimes we want to make sure everything is initialized correctly before the bean starts serving the client requests. Likewise, when the context is destroyed, we may have to close some resources utilized by spring beans.
Spring @PostConstruct Annotation
So generally, whenever we annotate a method in Spring Bean with @PostConstruct annotation, it gets executed after the spring bean is initialized. We can have only one method annotated with @PostConstruct annotation. This annotation is part of Common Annotations API and it’s part of JDK module javax.annotation-api.
Spring @PreDestroy Annotation
When we annotate a Spring Bean method with PreDestroy annotation, it gets called when the bean instance is getting removed from the context. Remember that if your spring bean scope is “prototype” then it’s not completely managed by the spring container and the PreDestroy method won’t get called. If there is a method named shutdown or close then the spring container will try to automatically configure them as callback methods when the bean is being destroyed.
Adding @PostConstruct and @PreDestroy Annotation in the Project
Developers, who are using Java 9+, both @PostConstruct and @PreDestroy annotations are part of Java EE. And since Java EE has been deprecated in Java 9 and removed in Java 11 we have to add an additional dependency to use these annotations:
A. If you are using Maven
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.annotation</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.annotation-api</artifactId>
<version>1.3.2</version>
</dependency>
B. If you add the jar manually
Visit the link and inside the files column, you will see pom and jar. Click on the jar and your jar will be downloaded. Add it to the classpath as an external jar by configuring the build. You may refer to this article to Add External JAR File to an IntelliJ IDEA Project or refer to this one to Add External JAR File to an Eclipse Project.
Note: If you are on Java 8 or the lower version, then you won’t have to perform the above stuff.
Implementation: We are going to explain @PostConstruct and @PreDestroy Annotation by simply creating a Spring JDBC project. So let's create a Spring JDBC project first.
Prerequisite: JDBC Tutorial
Step 1: Create a simple Java project in your preferred IDE (IntelliJ IDEA or Eclipse). You may refer to these articles:
Step 2: Create some tables inside your database. In this article, we have used the MySQL database. And the following data has been present inside our MySQL Database.
So here studentdb is our schema name and hostelstudentinfo is the table name. Similarly, you can create your own schema and table and put some data inside that table manually.
Tip: You can refer to these articles:
Step 3: Go to the Java project and create one class named StudentDAO and inside the class, we are going to create a single method selectAllRows() to fetch all the data present inside our MySQL database. We are also going to declare our four most important attributes to connect our Java program with the MySQL server.
Example:
Java
// Java Program to Illustrate StudentDAO class
// Importing required classes
import java.sql.*;
// Class
public class StudentDAO {
// Class data members
private String driver;
private String url;
private String userName;
private String password;
// Setter methods for
// Setter Injection
public void setDriver(String driver)
{
// This keyword refers to current instance itself
this.driver = driver;
}
// Setter
public void setUrl(String url) { this.url = url; }
// Setter
public void setUserName(String userName)
{
this.userName = userName;
}
// Setter
public void setPassword(String password)
{
this.password = password;
}
// Method
public void selectAllRows()
throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException
{
System.out.println("Retrieving all student data..");
// Loading driver using forname() method
Class.forName(driver);
// Getting a connection
Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(
url, userName, password);
// Executing a query
Statement stmt = con.createStatement();
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(
"SELECT * FROM studentdb.hostelstudentinfo");
// Iterating over till condition holds true
while (rs.next()) {
int studentId = rs.getInt(1);
String studentName = rs.getString(2);
double hostelFees = rs.getDouble(3);
String foodType = rs.getString(4);
// Print statement
System.out.println(studentId + " " + studentName
+ " " + hostelFees + " "
+ foodType);
}
// Closing the connection
// using close() method
con.close();
}
}
Step 4: Now we have to Add the External JAR Files to an IntelliJ IDEA Project. A JAR (Java Archive) is a package file format typically used to aggregate many Java class files and associated metadata and resources (text, images, etc.) into one file to distribute application software or libraries on the Java platform. In simple words, a JAR file is a file that contains a compressed version of .class files, audio files, image files, or directories. We have to add the following external jar files to our Java project
Step 5: Let's create the bean of StudentDAO class inside the beans.xml file and inject the values of the properties by setter injection. You may refer to this article Spring – Injecting Literal Values By Setter Injection. Below is the code for the beans.xml file.
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/"
xmlns:xsi="https://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/
https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="studentDAO" class="StudentDAO">
<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/studentdb"/>
<property name="userName" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="your password"/>
</bean>
</beans>
Step 6: Create the Main class and let's test our application is running fine or not. Below is the code for the Main.java file.
Java
// Java Program to Illustrate Application File
// Importing required classes
import java.sql.SQLException;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
// Application class
public class Main {
// Main driver method
public static void main(String[] args)
throws SQLException, ClassNotFoundException
{
// Implementing Spring IoC
// using ApplicationContext
ApplicationContext context
= new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
"beans.xml");
// Getting the bean studentDAO
StudentDAO studentDAO = context.getBean(
"studentDAO", StudentDAO.class);
// Calling the method
studentDAO.selectAllRows();
}
}
Output: One can see we have successfully fetched the data from the MySQL Database.
Retrieving all student data..
1 Asish 300.5 Veg
2 Vicky 245.89 Non Veg
3 Anshul 123.67 Veg
Note: So what's the problem with the above code? The problem is, suppose we want to define another method deleteStudentRecord(int studentId) in the StudentDAO class something like as shown in below example as follows:
Example
Java
// Java Program Illustrating Method to Delete Student Record
public void deleteStudentRecord(int studentId)
throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException
{
// Display message
System.out.println("Deleting student data..");
// Loading driver using forName() Method
Class.forName(driver);
// Getting a connection
Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(
url, userName, password);
// Executing a query
Statement stmt = con.createStatement();
stmt.executeUpdate(
"delete from studentdb.hostelstudentinfo where Student_id = "
+ studentId);
System.out.println("Record Deleted with the ID "
+ studentId);
// Closing the connections
// using close() method
con.close();
}
Now you can see we have to write some lines of code again and again. Then think if suppose we want to perform 100 different operations we have to write the same code again and again. So what we can do. We can write the common code inside a method and we can invoke the method. We can write something like this inside a method named createStudentDBConnection()
Example
Java
// Java Program Illustrating Method to Create StudentDB
// Connection
// Method
public void createStudentDBConnection()
throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException
{
// Loading driver
Class.forName(driver);
// Getting a connection
con = DriverManager.getConnection(url, userName,
password);
// Executing a query
stmt = con.createStatement();
}
Similarly, we can also define another method to close the connection. We can write something like this inside a method named closeConnection()
public void closeConnection() throws SQLException
{
con.close();
}
And we can invoke those methods inside the selectAllRows() and deleteStudentRecord() something like this.
Example
Java
// Java Program to Illustrate StudentDAO Class
// Importing required classes
import java.sql.*;
// Class
public class StudentDAO {
// Class data members
private String driver;
private String url;
private String userName;
private String password;
// Connection Object
Connection con;
// Statement Object
Statement stmt;
// Setter
public void setDriver(String driver)
{
this.driver = driver;
}
// Setter
public void setUrl(String url) { this.url = url; }
// Setter
public void setUserName(String userName)
{
this.userName = userName;
}
// Setter
public void setPassword(String password)
{
this.password = password;
}
// Creating connection
public void createStudentDBConnection()
throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException
{
// Loading driver
Class.forName(driver);
// Getting a connection
con = DriverManager.getConnection(url, userName,
password);
// Executing query
stmt = con.createStatement();
}
// Method 1
public void selectAllRows()
throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException
{
System.out.println("Retrieving all student data..");
// Create connection
createStudentDBConnection();
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(
"SELECT * FROM studentdb.hostelstudentinfo");
while (rs.next()) {
int studentId = rs.getInt(1);
String studentName = rs.getString(2);
double hostelFees = rs.getDouble(3);
String foodType = rs.getString(4);
System.out.println(studentId + " " + studentName
+ " " + hostelFees + " "
+ foodType);
}
// Closing the connection
closeConnection()
}
// Method 2
public void deleteStudentRecord(int studentId)
throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException
{
System.out.println("Deleting student data..");
// Create connection
createStudentDBConnection();
stmt.executeUpdate(
"delete from studentdb.hostelstudentinfo where Student_id = "
+ studentId);
System.out.println("Record Deleted with the ID "
+ studentId);
// Close the connection
closeConnection();
}
// Method 3
// Close the connection
public void closeConnection() throws SQLException
{
con.close();
}
}
But we are doing the same thing again. We are calling the createStudentDBConnection() and closeConnection() method again and again inside the selectAllRows() and deleteStudentRecord() methods. Suppose we have a total of 100 utility methods like that then we have to call these methods 100 times. So we will tell our spring framework that once you (spring framework) create the bean please execute the createStudentDBConnection() method. So the way we are going to tell the spring framework is by putting the @PostConstruct annotation. In summary, we can tell that
Hey Spring, once you create the StudentDAO object please create createStudentDBConnection() by yourself. Don't wait for us to call it.
So now we can put the @PostConstruct Annotation before the createStudentDBConnection() something like this
Java
@PostConstruct
public void createStudentDBConnection() throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException {
// load driver
Class.forName(driver);
// get a connection
con = DriverManager.getConnection(url, userName, password);
// execute query
stmt = con.createStatement();
}
Introducing init()
In the real-world application init() method is the one you will find it everywhere. We can also say the init() method is a standard name. For example, in this project, we can mark the createStudentDBConnection() method as init. Here the createStudentDBConnection() is the init() method for us. Annotate a method with @PostConstruct to use it as a init() method. We don't need to call the init() method, our framework will call it for us. We can give our init() method name as anything. We may say it init() or we may say it createStudentDBConnection() or xyz(). So now we can write the same thing like that
Java
@PostConstruct
public void init() throws SQLException, ClassNotFoundException {
createStudentDBConnection();
}
public void createStudentDBConnection() throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException {
// load driver
Class.forName(driver);
// get a connection
con = DriverManager.getConnection(url, userName, password);
// execute query
stmt = con.createStatement();
}
Why init()?
- You can add custom code/logic during bean initialization
- It can be used for setting up resources like database/socket/file etc.
Introducing destroy()
The destroy() method will be called before the bean is removed from the container. Now let's coming to the closeConnection() method. We defined this method for cleaning up unused references. For example in this project the con variable. So we can make any method as destroy() method by marking it as @PreDestroy. So now we can write the code something like that
Java
public void closeConnection() throws SQLException {
con.close();
}
@PreDestroy
public void destroy() throws SQLException {
closeConnection();
}
Note that we can also use the @PreDestroy annotation before the closeConnection() method. Now the complete code for the StudentDAO.java class is
Java
import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import javax.annotation.PreDestroy;
import java.sql.*;
public class StudentDAO {
private String driver;
private String url;
private String userName;
private String password;
// Connection Object
Connection con;
// Statement Object
Statement stmt;
public void setDriver(String driver) {
this.driver = driver;
}
public void setUrl(String url) {
this.url = url;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
@PostConstruct
public void init() throws SQLException, ClassNotFoundException {
createStudentDBConnection();
}
public void createStudentDBConnection() throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException {
// load driver
Class.forName(driver);
// get a connection
con = DriverManager.getConnection(url, userName, password);
// execute query
stmt = con.createStatement();
}
public void selectAllRows() throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException {
System.out.println("Retrieving all student data..");
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM studentdb.hostelstudentinfo");
while (rs.next()) {
int studentId = rs.getInt(1);
String studentName = rs.getString(2);
double hostelFees = rs.getDouble(3);
String foodType = rs.getString(4);
System.out.println(studentId + " " + studentName + " " + hostelFees + " " + foodType);
}
}
public void deleteStudentRecord(int studentId) throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException {
System.out.println("Delete student data..");
stmt.executeUpdate("delete from studentdb.hostelstudentinfo where Student_id = " + studentId);
System.out.println("Record Deleted with the ID " + studentId);
}
public void closeConnection() throws SQLException {
con.close();
}
@PreDestroy
public void destroy() throws SQLException {
closeConnection();
}
}
Before running the application make sure you have added the following line inside your beans.xml file to use the annotation
<context:annotation-config/>
The complete code for the beans.xml file is given below
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/"
xmlns:xsi="https://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/
https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<context:annotation-config/>
<bean id="studentDAO" class="StudentDAO">
<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/studentdb"/>
<property name="userName" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="143@Arpilu"/>
</bean>
</beans>
The complete code for the Main.java file is given below
Java
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import java.sql.SQLException;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) throws SQLException, ClassNotFoundException {
// Using ApplicationContext tom implement Spring IoC
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
// Get the bean studentDAO
StudentDAO studentDAO = context.getBean("studentDAO", StudentDAO.class);
// Calling the method
studentDAO.deleteStudentRecord(2);
studentDAO.selectAllRows();
}
}
Output:
Delete student data..
Record Deleted with the ID 2
Retrieving all student data..
1 Asish 300.5 Veg
3 Anshul 123.67 Veg
Similar Reads
Java Tutorial Java is a high-level, object-oriented programming language used to build web apps, mobile applications, and enterprise software systems. Known for its Write Once, Run Anywhere capability, which means code written in Java can run on any device that supports the Java Virtual Machine (JVM).Syntax and s
10 min read
Basics
Introduction to JavaJava is a high-level, object-oriented programming language developed by Sun Microsystems in 1995. It is platform-independent, which means we can write code once and run it anywhere using the Java Virtual Machine (JVM). Java is mostly used for building desktop applications, web applications, Android
4 min read
Java Programming BasicsJava is one of the most popular and widely used programming language and platform. A platform is an environment that helps to develop and run programs written in any programming language. Java is fast, reliable and secure. From desktop to web applications, scientific supercomputers to gaming console
4 min read
Java MethodsJava Methods are blocks of code that perform a specific task. A method allows us to reuse code, improving both efficiency and organization. All methods in Java must belong to a class. Methods are similar to functions and expose the behavior of objects.Example: Java program to demonstrate how to crea
7 min read
Access Modifiers in JavaIn Java, access modifiers are essential tools that define how the members of a class, like variables, methods, and even the class itself, can be accessed from other parts of our program. They are an important part of building secure and modular code when designing large applications. In this article
6 min read
Arrays in JavaIn Java, an array is an important linear data structure that allows us to store multiple values of the same type. Arrays in Java are objects, like all other objects in Java, arrays implicitly inherit from the java.lang.Object class. This allows you to invoke methods defined in Object (such as toStri
9 min read
Java StringsIn Java, a String is the type of object that can store a sequence of characters enclosed by double quotes and every character is stored in 16 bits, i.e., using UTF 16-bit encoding. A string acts the same as an array of characters. Java provides a robust and flexible API for handling strings, allowin
8 min read
Regular Expressions in JavaIn Java, Regular Expressions or Regex (in short) in Java is an API for defining String patterns that can be used for searching, manipulating, and editing a string in Java. Email validation and passwords are a few areas of strings where Regex is widely used to define the constraints. Regular Expressi
7 min read
OOPs & Interfaces
Classes and Objects in JavaIn Java, classes and objects are basic concepts of Object Oriented Programming (OOPs) that are used to represent real-world concepts and entities. A class is a template to create objects having similar properties and behavior, or in other words, we can say that a class is a blueprint for objects.An
10 min read
Java ConstructorsIn Java, constructors play an important role in object creation. A constructor is a special block of code that is called when an object is created. Its main job is to initialize the object, to set up its internal state, or to assign default values to its attributes. This process happens automaticall
10 min read
Java OOP(Object Oriented Programming) ConceptsBefore Object-Oriented Programming (OOPs), most programs used a procedural approach, where the focus was on writing step-by-step functions. This made it harder to manage and reuse code in large applications.To overcome these limitations, Object-Oriented Programming was introduced. Java is built arou
10 min read
Java PackagesPackages in Java are a mechanism that encapsulates a group of classes, sub-packages and interfaces. Packages are used for: Prevent naming conflicts by allowing classes with the same name to exist in different packages, like college.staff.cse.Employee and college.staff.ee.Employee.They make it easier
8 min read
Java InterfaceAn Interface in Java programming language is defined as an abstract type used to specify the behaviour of a class. An interface in Java is a blueprint of a behaviour. A Java interface contains static constants and abstract methods. Key Properties of Interface:The interface in Java is a mechanism to
11 min read
Collections
Exception Handling
Java Exception HandlingException handling in Java is an effective mechanism for managing runtime errors to ensure the application's regular flow is maintained. Some Common examples of exceptions include ClassNotFoundException, IOException, SQLException, RemoteException, etc. By handling these exceptions, Java enables deve
8 min read
Java Try Catch BlockA try-catch block in Java is a mechanism to handle exceptions. This make sure that the application continues to run even if an error occurs. The code inside the try block is executed, and if any exception occurs, it is then caught by the catch block.Example: Here, we are going to handle the Arithmet
4 min read
Java final, finally and finalizeIn Java, the keywords "final", "finally" and "finalize" have distinct roles. final enforces immutability and prevents changes to variables, methods, or classes. finally ensures a block of code runs after a try-catch, regardless of exceptions. finalize is a method used for cleanup before an object is
4 min read
Chained Exceptions in JavaChained Exceptions in Java allow associating one exception with another, i.e. one exception describes the cause of another exception. For example, consider a situation in which a method throws an ArithmeticException because of an attempt to divide by zero.But the root cause of the error was an I/O f
3 min read
Null Pointer Exception in JavaA NullPointerException in Java is a RuntimeException. It occurs when a program attempts to use an object reference that has the null value. In Java, "null" is a special value that can be assigned to object references to indicate the absence of a value.Reasons for Null Pointer ExceptionA NullPointerE
5 min read
Exception Handling with Method Overriding in JavaException handling with method overriding in Java refers to the rules and behavior that apply when a subclass overrides a method from its superclass and both methods involve exceptions. It ensures that the overridden method in the subclass does not declare broader or new checked exceptions than thos
4 min read
Java Advanced
Java Multithreading TutorialThreads are the backbone of multithreading. We are living in the real world which in itself is caught on the web surrounded by lots of applications. With the advancement in technologies, we cannot achieve the speed required to run them simultaneously unless we introduce the concept of multi-tasking
15+ min read
Synchronization in JavaIn multithreading, synchronization is important to make sure multiple threads safely work on shared resources. Without synchronization, data can become inconsistent or corrupted if multiple threads access and modify shared variables at the same time. In Java, it is a mechanism that ensures that only
10 min read
File Handling in JavaIn Java, with the help of File Class, we can work with files. This File Class is inside the java.io package. The File class can be used to create an object of the class and then specifying the name of the file.Why File Handling is Required?File Handling is an integral part of any programming languag
6 min read
Java Method ReferencesIn Java, a method is a collection of statements that perform some specific task and return the result to the caller. A method reference is the shorthand syntax for a lambda expression that contains just one method call. In general, one does not have to pass arguments to method references.Why Use Met
9 min read
Java 8 Stream TutorialJava 8 introduces Stream, which is a new abstract layer, and some new additional packages in Java 8 called java.util.stream. A Stream is a sequence of components that can be processed sequentially. These packages include classes, interfaces, and enum to allow functional-style operations on the eleme
15+ min read
Java NetworkingWhen computing devices such as laptops, desktops, servers, smartphones, and tablets and an eternally-expanding arrangement of IoT gadgets such as cameras, door locks, doorbells, refrigerators, audio/visual systems, thermostats, and various sensors are sharing information and data with each other is
15+ min read
JDBC TutorialJDBC stands for Java Database Connectivity. JDBC is a Java API or tool used in Java applications to interact with the database. It is a specification from Sun Microsystems that provides APIs for Java applications to communicate with different databases. Interfaces and Classes for JDBC API comes unde
12 min read
Java Memory ManagementJava memory management is the process by which the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) automatically handles the allocation and deallocation of memory. It uses a garbage collector to reclaim memory by removing unused objects, eliminating the need for manual memory managementJVM Memory StructureJVM defines va
4 min read
Garbage Collection in JavaGarbage collection in Java is an automatic memory management process that helps Java programs run efficiently. Java programs compile to bytecode that can be run on a Java Virtual Machine (JVM). When Java programs run on the JVM, objects in the heap are created, which is a portion of memory dedicated
7 min read
Memory Leaks in JavaIn programming, a memory leak happens when a program keeps using memory but does not give it back when it's done. It simply means the program slowly uses more and more memory, which can make things slow and even stop working. Working of Memory Management in JavaJava has automatic garbage collection,
3 min read
Practice Java
Java Interview Questions and AnswersJava is one of the most popular programming languages in the world, known for its versatility, portability, and wide range of applications. Java is the most used language in top companies such as Uber, Airbnb, Google, Netflix, Instagram, Spotify, Amazon, and many more because of its features and per
15+ min read
Java Programs - Java Programming ExamplesIn this article, we will learn and prepare for Interviews using Java Programming Examples. From basic Java programs like the Fibonacci series, Prime numbers, Factorial numbers, and Palindrome numbers to advanced Java programs.Java is one of the most popular programming languages today because of its
8 min read
Java Exercises - Basic to Advanced Java Practice Programs with SolutionsLooking for Java exercises to test your Java skills, then explore our topic-wise Java practice exercises? Here you will get 25 plus practice problems that help to upscale your Java skills. As we know Java is one of the most popular languages because of its robust and secure nature. But, programmers
7 min read
Java Quiz | Level Up Your Java SkillsThe best way to scale up your coding skills is by practicing the exercise. And if you are a Java programmer looking to test your Java skills and knowledge? Then, this Java quiz is designed to challenge your understanding of Java programming concepts and assess your excellence in the language. In thi
1 min read
Top 50 Java Project Ideas For Beginners and Advanced [Update 2025]Java is one of the most popular and versatile programming languages, known for its reliability, security, and platform independence. Developed by James Gosling in 1982, Java is widely used across industries like big data, mobile development, finance, and e-commerce.Building Java projects is an excel
15+ min read