Implementing a Linked List in Java using Class
Last Updated :
11 Jul, 2025
Pre-requisite:Linked List Data Structure
Like arrays, Linked List is a linear data structure. Unlike arrays, linked list elements are not stored at the contiguous location, the elements are linked using pointers as shown below.
Java
class LinkedList {
Node head; // head of list
/* Linked list Node*/
static class Node {
int data;
Node next;
// Constructor to create a new node
// Next is by default initialized
// as null
Node(int d) { data = d; }
}
}
Creation and Insertion:
In this article, insertion in the list is done at the end, that is the new node is added after the last node of the given Linked List. For example, if the given Linked List is 5->10->15->20->25 and 30 is to be inserted, then the Linked List becomes 5->10->15->20->25->30.
Since a Linked List is typically represented by the head pointer of it, it is required to traverse the list till the last node and then change the next to last node to the new node.
Implementation:
Java
import java.io.*;
// Java program to implement
// a Singly Linked List
public class LinkedList {
Node head; // head of list
// Linked list Node.
// This inner class is made static
// so that main() can access it
static class Node {
int data;
Node next;
// Constructor
Node(int d)
{
data = d;
next = null;
}
}
// Method to insert a new node
public static LinkedList insert(LinkedList list, int data)
{
// Create a new node with given data
Node new_node = new Node(data);
// If the Linked List is empty,
// then make the new node as head
if (list.head == null) {
list.head = new_node;
}
else {
// Else traverse till the last node
// and insert the new_node there
Node last = list.head;
while (last.next != null) {
last = last.next;
}
// Insert the new_node at last node
last.next = new_node;
}
// Return the list by head
return list;
}
// Method to print the LinkedList.
public static void printList(LinkedList list)
{
Node currNode = list.head;
System.out.print("LinkedList: ");
// Traverse through the LinkedList
while (currNode != null) {
// Print the data at current node
System.out.print(currNode.data + " ");
// Go to next node
currNode = currNode.next;
}
}
// Driver code
public static void main(String[] args)
{
/* Start with the empty list. */
LinkedList list = new LinkedList();
//
// ******INSERTION******
//
// Insert the values
list = insert(list, 1);
list = insert(list, 2);
list = insert(list, 3);
list = insert(list, 4);
list = insert(list, 5);
list = insert(list, 6);
list = insert(list, 7);
list = insert(list, 8);
// Print the LinkedList
printList(list);
}
}
OutputLinkedList: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Traversal: For traversal, below is a general-purpose function printList() that prints any given list by traversing the list from head node to the last.
Implementation:
Java
import java.io.*;
// Java program to implement
// a Singly Linked List
public class LinkedList {
Node head; // head of list
// Linked list Node.
// Node is a static nested class
// so main() can access it
static class Node {
int data;
Node next;
// Constructor
Node(int d)
{
data = d;
next = null;
}
}
// Method to insert a new node
public static LinkedList insert(LinkedList list,
int data)
{
// Create a new node with given data
Node new_node = new Node(data);
new_node.next = null;
// If the Linked List is empty,
// then make the new node as head
if (list.head == null) {
list.head = new_node;
}
else {
// Else traverse till the last node
// and insert the new_node there
Node last = list.head;
while (last.next != null) {
last = last.next;
}
// Insert the new_node at last node
last.next = new_node;
}
// Return the list by head
return list;
}
// Method to print the LinkedList.
public static void printList(LinkedList list)
{
Node currNode = list.head;
System.out.print("LinkedList: ");
// Traverse through the LinkedList
while (currNode != null) {
// Print the data at current node
System.out.print(currNode.data + " ");
// Go to next node
currNode = currNode.next;
}
}
// **************MAIN METHOD**************
// method to create a Singly linked list with n nodes
public static void main(String[] args)
{
/* Start with the empty list. */
LinkedList list = new LinkedList();
//
// ******INSERTION******
//
// Insert the values
list = insert(list, 1);
list = insert(list, 2);
list = insert(list, 3);
list = insert(list, 4);
list = insert(list, 5);
list = insert(list, 6);
list = insert(list, 7);
list = insert(list, 8);
// Print the LinkedList
printList(list);
}
}
OutputLinkedList: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Deletion By KEY:
The deletion process can be understood as follows:
To be done:
Given a 'key', delete the first occurrence of this key in the linked list.
How to do it:
To delete a node from the linked list, do following steps.
- Search the key for its first occurrence in the list
- Now, Any of the 3 conditions can be there:
- Case 1: The key is found at thehead
- In this case, Change the head of the node to the next node of the current head.
- Free the memory of the replaced head node.
- Case 2: The key is found in the middle or last, except at thehead
- In this case, Find the previous node of the node to be deleted.
- Change the next the previous node to the next node of the current node.
- Free the memory of the replaced node.
- Case 3: The key is not found in the list
- In this case, No operation needs to be done.
Implementation:
Java
import java.io.*;
// Java program to implement
// a Singly Linked List
public class LinkedList {
Node head; // head of list
// Linked list Node.
// Node is a static nested class
// so main() can access it
static class Node {
int data;
Node next;
// Constructor
Node(int d)
{
data = d;
next = null;
}
}
// Method to insert a new node
public static LinkedList insert(LinkedList list,
int data)
{
// Create a new node with given data
Node new_node = new Node(data);
new_node.next = null;
// If the Linked List is empty,
// then make the new node as head
if (list.head == null) {
list.head = new_node;
}
else {
// Else traverse till the last node
// and insert the new_node there
Node last = list.head;
while (last.next != null) {
last = last.next;
}
// Insert the new_node at last node
last.next = new_node;
}
// Return the list by head
return list;
}
// Method to print the LinkedList.
public static void printList(LinkedList list)
{
Node currNode = list.head;
System.out.print("LinkedList: ");
// Traverse through the LinkedList
while (currNode != null) {
// Print the data at current node
System.out.print(currNode.data + " ");
// Go to next node
currNode = currNode.next;
}
System.out.println();
}
// **************DELETION BY KEY**************
// Method to delete a node in the LinkedList by KEY
public static LinkedList deleteByKey(LinkedList list,
int key)
{
// Store head node
Node currNode = list.head, prev = null;
//
// CASE 1:
// If head node itself holds the key to be deleted
if (currNode != null && currNode.data == key) {
list.head = currNode.next; // Changed head
// Display the message
System.out.println(key + " found and deleted");
// Return the updated List
return list;
}
//
// CASE 2:
// If the key is somewhere other than at head
//
// Search for the key to be deleted,
// keep track of the previous node
// as it is needed to change currNode.next
while (currNode != null && currNode.data != key) {
// If currNode does not hold key
// continue to next node
prev = currNode;
currNode = currNode.next;
}
// If the key was present, it should be at currNode
// Therefore the currNode shall not be null
if (currNode != null) {
// Since the key is at currNode
// Unlink currNode from linked list
prev.next = currNode.next;
// Display the message
System.out.println(key + " found and deleted");
}
//
// CASE 3: The key is not present
//
// If key was not present in linked list
// currNode should be null
if (currNode == null) {
// Display the message
System.out.println(key + " not found");
}
// return the List
return list;
}
// **************MAIN METHOD**************
// method to create a Singly linked list with n nodes
public static void main(String[] args)
{
/* Start with the empty list. */
LinkedList list = new LinkedList();
//
// ******INSERTION******
//
// Insert the values
list = insert(list, 1);
list = insert(list, 2);
list = insert(list, 3);
list = insert(list, 4);
list = insert(list, 5);
list = insert(list, 6);
list = insert(list, 7);
list = insert(list, 8);
// Print the LinkedList
printList(list);
//
// ******DELETION BY KEY******
//
// Delete node with value 1
// In this case the key is ***at head***
deleteByKey(list, 1);
// Print the LinkedList
printList(list);
// Delete node with value 4
// In this case the key is present ***in the
// middle***
deleteByKey(list, 4);
// Print the LinkedList
printList(list);
// Delete node with value 10
// In this case the key is ***not present***
deleteByKey(list, 10);
// Print the LinkedList
printList(list);
}
}
OutputLinkedList: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 found and deleted
LinkedList: 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
4 found and deleted
LinkedList: 2 3 5 6 7 8
10 not found
LinkedList: 2 3 5 6 7 8
Deletion At Position:
This deletion process can be understood as follows:
To be done:
Given a 'position', delete the node at this position from the linked list.
How to do it:
The steps to do it are as follows:
- Traverse the list by counting the index of the nodes
- For each index, match the index to be same as position
- Now, Any of the 3 conditions can be there:
- Case 1: The position is 0, i.e. the head is to be deleted
- In this case, Change the head of the node to the next node of current head.
- Free the memory of replaced head node.
- Case 2: The position is greater than 0 but less than the size of the list, i.e. in the middle or last, except at head
- In this case, Find previous node of the node to be deleted.
- Change the next of previous node to the next node of current node.
- Free the memory of replaced node.
- Case 3: The position is greater than the size of the list, i.e. position not found in the list
- In this case, No operation needs to be done.
Implementation:
Java
import java.io.*;
// Java program to implement
// a Singly Linked List
public class LinkedList {
Node head; // head of list
// Linked list Node.
// Node is a static nested class
// so main() can access it
static class Node {
int data;
Node next;
// Constructor
Node(int d)
{
data = d;
next = null;
}
}
// Method to insert a new node
public static LinkedList insert(LinkedList list,
int data)
{
// Create a new node with given data
Node new_node = new Node(data);
new_node.next = null;
// If the Linked List is empty,
// then make the new node as head
if (list.head == null) {
list.head = new_node;
}
else {
// Else traverse till the last node
// and insert the new_node there
Node last = list.head;
while (last.next != null) {
last = last.next;
}
// Insert the new_node at last node
last.next = new_node;
}
// Return the list by head
return list;
}
// Method to print the LinkedList.
public static void printList(LinkedList list)
{
Node currNode = list.head;
System.out.print("LinkedList: ");
// Traverse through the LinkedList
while (currNode != null) {
// Print the data at current node
System.out.print(currNode.data + " ");
// Go to next node
currNode = currNode.next;
}
System.out.println();
}
// Method to delete a node in the LinkedList by POSITION
public static LinkedList
deleteAtPosition(LinkedList list, int index)
{
// Store head node
Node currNode = list.head, prev = null;
//
// CASE 1:
// If index is 0, then head node itself is to be
// deleted
if (index == 0 && currNode != null) {
list.head = currNode.next; // Changed head
// Display the message
System.out.println(
index + " position element deleted");
// Return the updated List
return list;
}
//
// CASE 2:
// If the index is greater than 0 but less than the
// size of LinkedList
//
// The counter
int counter = 0;
// Count for the index to be deleted,
// keep track of the previous node
// as it is needed to change currNode.next
while (currNode != null) {
if (counter == index) {
// Since the currNode is the required
// position Unlink currNode from linked list
prev.next = currNode.next;
// Display the message
System.out.println(
index + " position element deleted");
break;
}
else {
// If current position is not the index
// continue to next node
prev = currNode;
currNode = currNode.next;
counter++;
}
}
// If the position element was found, it should be
// at currNode Therefore the currNode shall not be
// null
//
// CASE 3: The index is greater than the size of the
// LinkedList
//
// In this case, the currNode should be null
if (currNode == null) {
// Display the message
System.out.println(
index + " position element not found");
}
// return the List
return list;
}
// **************MAIN METHOD**************
// method to create a Singly linked list with n nodes
public static void main(String[] args)
{
/* Start with the empty list. */
LinkedList list = new LinkedList();
//
// ******INSERTION******
//
// Insert the values
list = insert(list, 1);
list = insert(list, 2);
list = insert(list, 3);
list = insert(list, 4);
list = insert(list, 5);
list = insert(list, 6);
list = insert(list, 7);
list = insert(list, 8);
// Print the LinkedList
printList(list);
//
// ******DELETION AT POSITION******
//
// Delete node at position 0
// In this case the key is ***at head***
deleteAtPosition(list, 0);
// Print the LinkedList
printList(list);
// Delete node at position 2
// In this case the key is present ***in the
// middle***
deleteAtPosition(list, 2);
// Print the LinkedList
printList(list);
// Delete node at position 10
// In this case the key is ***not present***
deleteAtPosition(list, 10);
// Print the LinkedList
printList(list);
}
}
OutputLinkedList: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0 position element deleted
LinkedList: 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
2 position element deleted
LinkedList: 2 3 5 6 7 8
10 position element not found
LinkedList: 2 3 5 6 7 8
All Operations:
Below is the complete program that applies each operation together:
Java
import java.io.*;
// Java program to implement
// a Singly Linked List
public class LinkedList {
Node head; // head of list
// Linked list Node.
// Node is a static nested class
// so main() can access it
static class Node {
int data;
Node next;
// Constructor
Node(int d)
{
data = d;
next = null;
}
}
// **************INSERTION**************
// Method to insert a new node
public static LinkedList insert(LinkedList list,
int data)
{
// Create a new node with given data
Node new_node = new Node(data);
new_node.next = null;
// If the Linked List is empty,
// then make the new node as head
if (list.head == null) {
list.head = new_node;
}
else {
// Else traverse till the last node
// and insert the new_node there
Node last = list.head;
while (last.next != null) {
last = last.next;
}
// Insert the new_node at last node
last.next = new_node;
}
// Return the list by head
return list;
}
// **************TRAVERSAL**************
// Method to print the LinkedList.
public static void printList(LinkedList list)
{
Node currNode = list.head;
System.out.print("\nLinkedList: ");
// Traverse through the LinkedList
while (currNode != null) {
// Print the data at current node
System.out.print(currNode.data + " ");
// Go to next node
currNode = currNode.next;
}
System.out.println("\n");
}
// **************DELETION BY KEY**************
// Method to delete a node in the LinkedList by KEY
public static LinkedList deleteByKey(LinkedList list,
int key)
{
// Store head node
Node currNode = list.head, prev = null;
//
// CASE 1:
// If head node itself holds the key to be deleted
if (currNode != null && currNode.data == key) {
list.head = currNode.next; // Changed head
// Display the message
System.out.println(key + " found and deleted");
// Return the updated List
return list;
}
//
// CASE 2:
// If the key is somewhere other than at head
//
// Search for the key to be deleted,
// keep track of the previous node
// as it is needed to change currNode.next
while (currNode != null && currNode.data != key) {
// If currNode does not hold key
// continue to next node
prev = currNode;
currNode = currNode.next;
}
// If the key was present, it should be at currNode
// Therefore the currNode shall not be null
if (currNode != null) {
// Since the key is at currNode
// Unlink currNode from linked list
prev.next = currNode.next;
// Display the message
System.out.println(key + " found and deleted");
}
//
// CASE 3: The key is not present
//
// If key was not present in linked list
// currNode should be null
if (currNode == null) {
// Display the message
System.out.println(key + " not found");
}
// return the List
return list;
}
// **************DELETION AT A POSITION**************
// Method to delete a node in the LinkedList by POSITION
public static LinkedList
deleteAtPosition(LinkedList list, int index)
{
// Store head node
Node currNode = list.head, prev = null;
//
// CASE 1:
// If index is 0, then head node itself is to be
// deleted
if (index == 0 && currNode != null) {
list.head = currNode.next; // Changed head
// Display the message
System.out.println(
index + " position element deleted");
// Return the updated List
return list;
}
//
// CASE 2:
// If the index is greater than 0 but less than the
// size of LinkedList
//
// The counter
int counter = 0;
// Count for the index to be deleted,
// keep track of the previous node
// as it is needed to change currNode.next
while (currNode != null) {
if (counter == index) {
// Since the currNode is the required
// position Unlink currNode from linked list
prev.next = currNode.next;
// Display the message
System.out.println(
index + " position element deleted");
break;
}
else {
// If current position is not the index
// continue to next node
prev = currNode;
currNode = currNode.next;
counter++;
}
}
// If the position element was found, it should be
// at currNode Therefore the currNode shall not be
// null
//
// CASE 3: The index is greater than the size of the
// LinkedList
//
// In this case, the currNode should be null
if (currNode == null) {
// Display the message
System.out.println(
index + " position element not found");
}
// return the List
return list;
}
// **************MAIN METHOD**************
// method to create a Singly linked list with n nodes
public static void main(String[] args)
{
/* Start with the empty list. */
LinkedList list = new LinkedList();
//
// ******INSERTION******
//
// Insert the values
list = insert(list, 1);
list = insert(list, 2);
list = insert(list, 3);
list = insert(list, 4);
list = insert(list, 5);
list = insert(list, 6);
list = insert(list, 7);
list = insert(list, 8);
// Print the LinkedList
printList(list);
//
// ******DELETION BY KEY******
//
// Delete node with value 1
// In this case the key is ***at head***
deleteByKey(list, 1);
// Print the LinkedList
printList(list);
// Delete node with value 4
// In this case the key is present ***in the
// middle***
deleteByKey(list, 4);
// Print the LinkedList
printList(list);
// Delete node with value 10
// In this case the key is ***not present***
deleteByKey(list, 10);
// Print the LinkedList
printList(list);
//
// ******DELETION AT POSITION******
//
// Delete node at position 0
// In this case the key is ***at head***
deleteAtPosition(list, 0);
// Print the LinkedList
printList(list);
// Delete node at position 2
// In this case the key is present ***in the
// middle***
deleteAtPosition(list, 2);
// Print the LinkedList
printList(list);
// Delete node at position 10
// In this case the key is ***not present***
deleteAtPosition(list, 10);
// Print the LinkedList
printList(list);
}
}
OutputLinkedList: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 found and deleted
LinkedList: 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
4 found and deleted
LinkedList: 2 3 5 6 7 8
10 not found
LinkedList: 2 3 5 6 7 8
0 position element deleted
LinkedList: 3 5 6 7 8
2 position element deleted
LinkedList: 3 5 7 8
10 position element not found
LinkedList: 3 5 7 8
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Java Multithreading TutorialThreads are the backbone of multithreading. We are living in the real world which in itself is caught on the web surrounded by lots of applications. With the advancement in technologies, we cannot achieve the speed required to run them simultaneously unless we introduce the concept of multi-tasking
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Synchronization in JavaIn multithreading, synchronization is important to make sure multiple threads safely work on shared resources. Without synchronization, data can become inconsistent or corrupted if multiple threads access and modify shared variables at the same time. In Java, it is a mechanism that ensures that only
10 min read
File Handling in JavaIn Java, with the help of File Class, we can work with files. This File Class is inside the java.io package. The File class can be used to create an object of the class and then specifying the name of the file.Why File Handling is Required?File Handling is an integral part of any programming languag
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Java Method ReferencesIn Java, a method is a collection of statements that perform some specific task and return the result to the caller. A method reference is the shorthand syntax for a lambda expression that contains just one method call. In general, one does not have to pass arguments to method references.Why Use Met
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Java 8 Stream TutorialJava 8 introduces Stream, which is a new abstract layer, and some new additional packages in Java 8 called java.util.stream. A Stream is a sequence of components that can be processed sequentially. These packages include classes, interfaces, and enum to allow functional-style operations on the eleme
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Java NetworkingWhen computing devices such as laptops, desktops, servers, smartphones, and tablets and an eternally-expanding arrangement of IoT gadgets such as cameras, door locks, doorbells, refrigerators, audio/visual systems, thermostats, and various sensors are sharing information and data with each other is
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JDBC TutorialJDBC stands for Java Database Connectivity. JDBC is a Java API or tool used in Java applications to interact with the database. It is a specification from Sun Microsystems that provides APIs for Java applications to communicate with different databases. Interfaces and Classes for JDBC API comes unde
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Java Memory ManagementJava memory management is the process by which the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) automatically handles the allocation and deallocation of memory. It uses a garbage collector to reclaim memory by removing unused objects, eliminating the need for manual memory managementJVM Memory StructureJVM defines va
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Garbage Collection in JavaGarbage collection in Java is an automatic memory management process that helps Java programs run efficiently. Objects are created on the heap area. Eventually, some objects will no longer be needed.Garbage collection is an automatic process that removes unused objects from heap.Working of Garbage C
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Memory Leaks in JavaIn programming, a memory leak happens when a program keeps using memory but does not give it back when it's done. It simply means the program slowly uses more and more memory, which can make things slow and even stop working. Working of Memory Management in JavaJava has automatic garbage collection,
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Practice Java
Java Interview Questions and AnswersJava is one of the most popular programming languages in the world, known for its versatility, portability, and wide range of applications. Java is the most used language in top companies such as Uber, Airbnb, Google, Netflix, Instagram, Spotify, Amazon, and many more because of its features and per
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Java Programs - Java Programming ExamplesIn this article, we will learn and prepare for Interviews using Java Programming Examples. From basic Java programs like the Fibonacci series, Prime numbers, Factorial numbers, and Palindrome numbers to advanced Java programs.Java is one of the most popular programming languages today because of its
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Java Exercises - Basic to Advanced Java Practice Programs with SolutionsLooking for Java exercises to test your Java skills, then explore our topic-wise Java practice exercises? Here you will get 25 plus practice problems that help to upscale your Java skills. As we know Java is one of the most popular languages because of its robust and secure nature. But, programmers
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Java Quiz | Level Up Your Java SkillsThe best way to scale up your coding skills is by practicing the exercise. And if you are a Java programmer looking to test your Java skills and knowledge? Then, this Java quiz is designed to challenge your understanding of Java programming concepts and assess your excellence in the language. In thi
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Top 50 Java Project Ideas For Beginners and Advanced [Update 2025]Java is one of the most popular and versatile programming languages, known for its reliability, security, and platform independence. Developed by James Gosling in 1982, Java is widely used across industries like big data, mobile development, finance, and e-commerce.Building Java projects is an excel
15+ min read