Java Program to Convert Binary to Hexadecimal
Last Updated :
02 Aug, 2024
The Hexadecimal number system as the name suggests comprises 16 entities. These 16 entities consist of 10 digits, 0-9 representing the first 10 numbers of the hexadecimal system as well. For the remaining 6 numbers, we use English alphabets ranging from A through F to represent the numbers 10 to 15. It should be noted that the lowest number in the hexadecimal system is 0 with the highest being 15 represented by F. A hexadecimal number can be derived from a binary number by clubbing 4 digits to constitute a single character of the hexadecimal number.
Example:
Input: 11011111
Output: DF
Input: 10001101
Output: 8D
- In the above example, the binary number 10001101 can be broken down into chunks of 4 bits such as 1000 and 1101 which act as 2 characters for the corresponding hexadecimal number.
- The resultant hexadecimal number would be 8D where every character is determined by calculating its corresponding value in the decimal system and replacing it with an alphabet if it is a two-digit number in this case D which represents 13. The hexadecimal system is also referred to as base-16.
For the conversion of binary to hexadecimal, we are going to use the following two approaches :
- Using the toHexString() builtin java method
- Repeatedly getting the remainder and dividing the converted decimal number by 16
Approach 1:
Using this approach, we first convert the binary number to a decimal number which is stored as an Integer. Then, we simply use the toHexString() method of java to generate the desired output string.
Syntax :
public static String toHexString(int num)
Parameter:
- num - This parameter specifies the number which is to be converted
to a Hexadecimal string. The data-type is int.
Return Value: The function returns a string representation of the int argument as an unsigned integer in base 16.
Algorithm :
- Convert the binary number to a decimal number.
- To convert the binary number to a decimal number, first, extract each digit using by getting the remainder by dividing by 10.
- Next, multiply this digit with increasing powers of 2.
- Keep on dividing the original binary number by 10 to eliminate the last digit in each iteration.
- After having gotten the decimal number, just use the toHexString() method to get the desired output.
Example:
Java
// Java program to convert binary to hexadecimal
class GFG {
// method to convert binary to decimal
int binaryToDecimal(long binary)
{
// variable to store the converted
// binary number
int decimalNumber = 0, i = 0;
// loop to extract the digits of the binary
while (binary > 0) {
// extracting the digits by getting
// remainder on dividing by 10 and
// multiplying by increasing integral
// powers of 2
decimalNumber
+= Math.pow(2, i++) * (binary % 10);
// updating the binary by eliminating
// the last digit on division by 10
binary /= 10;
}
// returning the decimal number
return decimalNumber;
}
// method to convert decimal to hexadecimal
String decimalToHex(long binary)
{
// variable to store the output of the
// binaryToDecimal() method
int decimalNumber = binaryToDecimal(binary);
// converting the integer to the desired
// hex string using toHexString() method
String hexNumber
= Integer.toHexString(decimalNumber);
// converting the string to uppercase
// for uniformity
hexNumber = hexNumber.toUpperCase();
// returning the final hex string
return hexNumber;
}
// Driver Code
public static void main(String[] args)
{
// instantiating the class
GFG ob = new GFG();
long num = 10011110;
// calling and printing the output
// of decimalToHex() method
System.out.println("Inputted number : " +num);
System.out.println(ob.decimalToHex(10011110));
}
}
OutputInputted number : 10011110
9E
Time complexity: O(log N) where N is the input binary number, since the number of iterations in the while loop is proportional to the number of digits in the binary number.
Auxiliary space: O(1)
Approach 2:
- Under the second approach, we again first convert the binary number to a decimal number.
- Then we continuously divide and get the remainder of this decimal number to get the single character for each set of 4 bits we can find in the original binary number.
Algorithm:
- Convert the binary to a decimal using steps 2-4 in the above algorithm.
- Next, run a while loop with the terminating condition that the decimal number becomes 0 and the updating condition that the decimal number is divided by 16 in each iteration.
- In each iteration get the remainder by dividing the number by 16.
- Constitute a new String and keep on adding characters which are the remaining on dividing by 16.
- If the remainder is greater than or equal to 10 replace it with alphabets A-F depending on the remainder.
Example:
Java
// Java program to convert binary to hexadecimal
class GFG {
// method to convert binary to decimal
int binaryToDecimal(long binary)
{
// variable to store the converted binary
int decimalNumber = 0, i = 0;
// loop to extract digits of the binary
while (binary > 0) {
// extracting each digit of the binary
// by getting the remainder of division
// by 10 and multiplying it by
// increasing integral powers of 2
decimalNumber
+= Math.pow(2, i++) * (binary % 10);
// update condition of dividing the
// binary by 10
binary /= 10;
}
// returning the decimal
return decimalNumber;
}
// method to convert decimal to hex
String decimalToHex(long binary)
{
// variable to store the output of
// binaryToDecimal() method
int decimalNumber = binaryToDecimal(binary);
// character array to represent double
// digit remainders
char arr[] = { 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F' };
// variable to store the remainder on
// division by 16
int remainder, i = 0;
// declaring the string that stores the
// final hex string
String hexNumber = "";
// loop to convert decimal to hex
while (decimalNumber != 0) {
// calculating the remainder of decimal
// by dividing by 16
remainder = decimalNumber % 16;
// checking if the remainder is >= 10
if (remainder >= 10)
// replacing with the corresponding
// alphabet from the array
hexNumber = arr[remainder - 10] + hexNumber;
else
hexNumber = remainder + hexNumber;
// update condition of dividing the
// number by 16
decimalNumber /= 16;
}
// returning the hex string
return hexNumber;
}
// Driver Code
public static void main(String[] args)
{
// instantiating the class
GFG ob = new GFG();
long num =11000011;
// printing and calling the
// decimalToHex() method
System.out.println("Input : "+num);
System.out.println("Output : " +ob.decimalToHex(num));
}
}
OutputInput : 11000011
Output : C3
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