Difference between while and do-while loop in C, C++, Java

Last Updated : 17 Jul, 2024

while loop:

A while loop is a control flow statement that allows code to be executed repeatedly based on a given Boolean condition. The while loop can be thought of as a repeating if statement.

Syntax :

while (boolean condition)
{
   loop statements...
}

Flowchart:

while loop

Example:

C++

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{

    int i = 5;

    while (i < 10) {
        i++;
        cout << "GFG\n";
    }

    return 0;
}

C

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{

    int i = 5;

    while (i < 10) {
        printf("GFG\n");
        i++;
    }

    return 0;
}

Java

import java.io.*;

class GFG {
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {

        int i = 5;

        while (i < 10) {
            i++;
            System.out.println("GfG");
        }
    }
}

Output

GFG
GFG
GFG
GFG
GFG

do-while loop:

do while loop is similar to while loop with the only difference that it checks for the condition after executing the statements, and therefore is an example of

Exit Control Loop.

Syntax:

do
{
    statements..
}
while (condition);

Flowchart:

do-while

Example:

C++

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{

    int i = 5;

    do {
        i++;
        cout << "GFG\n";
    } while (i < 10);

    return 0;
}

C

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{

    int i = 5;

    do {
        printf("GFG\n");
        i++;
    } while (i < 10);

    return 0;
}

Java

import java.io.*;

class GFG {
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {

        int i = 5;

        do {
            i++;
            System.out.println("GfG");
        } while (i < 10);
    }
}

Output

GFG
GFG
GFG
GFG
GFG

Here is the difference table:

while	do-while
Condition is checked first then statement(s) is executed.	Statement(s) is executed atleast once, thereafter condition is checked.
It might occur statement(s) is executed zero times, If condition is false.	At least once the statement(s) is executed.
No semicolon at the end of while. while(condition)	Semicolon at the end of while. while(condition);
Variable in condition is initialized before the execution of loop.	variable may be initialized before or within the loop.
while loop is entry controlled loop.	do-while loop is exit controlled loop.
while(condition) { statement(s); }	do { statement(s); } while(condition);

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