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Difference between Batch Processing OS and Multiprogramming OS

Last Updated : 08 May, 2025
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Operating systems (OS) have different types depending on how computers handle tasks and processes, and which purpose it servers. Batch Processing operating system works by executing a batch of tasks one after the other without much interaction, whereas Multiprogramming operating system allows multiple tasks to run at the same time, making better use of the computer's resources.

Batch Processing OS

A Batch Processing Operating System (BPOS) is designed to handle and process large volumes of data in batches, making it ideal for organizations that require efficient and rapid data processing. A series of jobs are executed without any human intervention in Batch processing system. In this set of jobs with similar needs are batched together and inputted to the computer for execution. It is also called as Simple Batch System.

Advantages

  • It manages large repeated work easily.
  • No special hardware and system support required to input data in batch systems.
  • It can be shared by multiple users.
  • Very less idle time of the batch system.
  • Enables us to manage the efficiently large load of work.

Disadvantages

  • It has more turnaround time.
  • Non linear behavior.
  • Irreversible behavior.
  • Due to any mistake, it may happen any job can go infinite loop.
  • Proves to be costly sometimes.

Multiprogramming OS

Multiprogramming operating system Involves loading multiple programs into the computer’s memory and allowing them to share the CPU. The CPU switches between programs, especially when one is waiting for I/O operations to complete. It executes multiple programs to avoid CPU and memory underutilization. It is also called as Multiprogram Task System.

Advantages

  • CPU never becomes idle
  • Efficient resources utilization
  • Response time is shorter
  • Short time jobs completed faster than long time jobs
  • Increased Throughput

Disadvantages

  • Long time jobs have to wait long
  • Tracking all processes sometimes difficult
  • CPU scheduling is required
  • Requires efficient memory management
  • User interaction not possible during program execution

Read more about Types of Operating Systems

Difference between Batch Processing OS and Multiprogramming OS

Batch Processing Operating SystemMultiprogramming Operating System
Batch processing System is also called as Simple Batch System.Multiprogramming System is also called as Multiprogram Task System.
A series of jobs are executed without any human intervention in Batch processing system. In this set of jobs with similar needs are batched together and inputted to the computer for execution.Multiprogramming operating system allows to execute multiple processes by monitoring their process states and switching in between processes. It executes multiple programs to avoid CPU and memory underutilization.
It is slower in processing than Multiprogramming system.It is faster in processing than Batch Processing system.
In Batch processing system CPU needs to stand idle.In Multiprogramming system CPU needs not stand idle.
In this the processes have to wait in a queue.In this the process has to wait in a queue.
In this operating system execution of process starts batch wise.In this operating system execution of process starts as it centers the processor.
In batch processing grouping of several processing jobs to be executed one after another by a computer without any user interaction.Multi-programming operating system ability of an OS to execute multiple programs at the same time on a single processor.
In this the CPU utilization is less.In this the CPU utilization is more.

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