The clamp() CSS function allows us to set a value that adjusts responsively between a defined minimum and maximum range, depending on the viewport size. This function is particularly useful for creating responsive layouts and typography.
The clamp() method in CSS allows you to specify a value within a range. It takes three parameters:
- Minimum value: The lower bound.
- Preferred value: The value you want to use if it falls within the specified range.
- Maximum value: The upper bound.
The browser selects the preferred value if it falls within the specified range; otherwise, it chooses the minimum or maximum value. This function is useful for various properties like font-size, width, and more.
It's important to consider the minimum value when the desired value is smaller than the minimum and to consider the maximum value when the desired value is larger than the maximum. The desired value is useful when it falls between the minimum and maximum values.
Syntax :
clamp(value1, value2, value3)
Parameters:
- value1 represents the minimum value.
- value2 represents the preferred value
- value3 represents the maximum value.
Example 1:
In this example, we see how easily the width and font-size are adjusted according to viewport with the help of the clamp function. The clamp() function is very useful for typography and for creating fluid layout
html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>CSS clamp() Example</title>
<style>
body {
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
height: 100vh;
margin: 0;
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
background: #f0f0f0;
}
.container {
text-align: center;
}
h1 {
font-size: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 4rem);
color: #eb4034;
margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.box {
width: clamp(150px, 50%, 400px);
height: 8rem;
background: #5f76e8;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
color: white;
font-size: clamp(1rem, 2vw, 1.5rem);
border-radius: 8px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<h1>Welcome To GFG</h1>
<div class="box">
Responsive Box
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Output:
In this example, the h1 font size and the box width adjust smoothly based on the viewport size. The clamp() function is particularly useful for creating fluid layouts and typography.
Example 2: In below example we have created a card which adjusts its size and padding based on the viewport width using the clamp() function.
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>CSS clamp() Example - Responsive Card</title>
<style>
body {
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
height: 100vh;
margin: 0;
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
background: #f7f7f7;
}
.card {
width: clamp(250px, 50%, 600px);
padding: clamp(1rem, 2vw, 2rem);
background: white;
border-radius: 8px;
box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
text-align: center;
}
.card h2 {
font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 3vw, 2.5rem);
color: #333;
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.card p {
font-size: clamp(1rem, 2vw, 1.5rem);
color: #666;
margin: 0;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="card">
<h2>Responsive Card</h2>
<p>This card adjusts its size and padding based on the viewport width using the clamp() function.</p>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Output:
Supported Browsers:
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