Count of Reverse Bitonic Substrings in a given String
Last Updated :
07 Jul, 2023
Given a string S, the task is to count the number of Reverse Bitonic Substrings in the given string.
Reverse bitonic substring: A string in which the ASCII values of the characters of the string follow any of the following patterns:
- Strictly Increasing
- Strictly decreasing
- Decreasing and then increasing
Examples:
Input: S = "bade"
Output: 10
Explanation:
All possible substrings of length 1, {"b", "a", "d”, "e"} are always reverse bitonic.
Substrings of length 2 which are reverse bitonic are {"ba", "ad", "de"}.
Substrings of length 3 which are reverse bitonic are {"bad ", "ade"}.
Only substring of length 4 which is reverse bitonic is "bade".
Therefore, the count of reverse bitonic substrings is 10.
Input: S = "abc"
Output: 6
Approach :
The approach is to generate all possible substrings of the given string and follow the steps below for each substring to solve the problem:
- Traverse the string and for each character, check if the ASCII value of the next character is smaller than the ASCII value of the current character or not.
- If at any point, the ASCII value of the next character is greater than the ASCII value of the current character, traverse from that index and for each character from now onwards, check if the ASCII value of the next character is greater than the ASCII value of the current character or not.
- If at any point, the ASCII value of the next character is smaller than the ASCII value of the current character before the end of the substring is reached, then ignore the substring.
- If the end of the substring is reached, increase count.
- After completing all the above steps for all substrings, print the final value of count.
Below is the implementation of the above approach :
C++
// C++ Program to implement
// the above approach
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
// Function to calculate the number
// of reverse bitonic substrings
int CountsubString(char str[], int n)
{
// Stores the count
int c = 0;
// All possible lengths of substrings
for (int len = 1; len <= n; len++) {
// Starting point of a substring
for (int i = 0; i <= n - len; i++) {
// Ending point of a substring
int j = i + len - 1;
char temp = str[i], f = 0;
// Condition for reverse
// bitonic substrings of
// length 1
if (j == i) {
c++;
continue;
}
int k = i + 1;
// Check for decreasing sequence
while (temp > str[k] && k <= j) {
temp = str[k];
k++;
}
// If end of substring
// is reached
if (k > j) {
c++;
f = 2;
}
// For increasing sequence
while (temp < str[k] && k <= j
&& f != 2) {
temp = str[k];
k++;
}
// If end of substring
// is reached
if (k > j && f != 2) {
c++;
f = 0;
}
}
}
// Return the number
// of bitonic substrings
return c;
}
// Driver Code
int main()
{
char str[] = "bade";
cout << CountsubString(str, strlen(str));
return 0;
}
// Java program to implement
// the above approach
class GFG{
// Function to calculate the number
// of reverse bitonic substrings
public static int CountsubString(char[] str,
int n)
{
// Stores the count
int c = 0;
// All possible lengths of substrings
for(int len = 1; len <= n; len++)
{
// Starting point of a substring
for(int i = 0; i <= n - len; i++)
{
// Ending point of a substring
int j = i + len - 1;
char temp = str[i], f = 0;
// Condition for reverse
// bitonic substrings of
// length 1
if (j == i)
{
c++;
continue;
}
int k = i + 1;
// Check for decreasing sequence
while (temp > str[k] && k <= j)
{
temp = str[k];
k++;
}
// If end of substring
// is reached
if (k > j)
{
c++;
f = 2;
}
// For increasing sequence
while (k <= j && temp < str[k] &&
f != 2)
{
temp = str[k];
k++;
}
// If end of substring
// is reached
if (k > j && f != 2)
{
c++;
f = 0;
}
}
}
// Return the number
// of bitonic substrings
return c;
}
// Driver code
public static void main(String[] args)
{
char str[] = { 'b', 'a', 'd', 'e' };
System.out.println(CountsubString(
str, str.length));
}
}
// This code is contributed by divyeshrabadiya07
# Python3 program to implement
# the above approach
# Function to calculate the number
# of reverse bitonic substrings
def CountsubString(strr, n):
# Stores the count
c = 0
# All possible lengths of substrings
for len in range(n + 1):
# Starting point of a substring
for i in range(n - len):
# Ending point of a substring
j = i + len - 1
temp = strr[i]
f = 0
# Condition for reverse
# bitonic substrings of
# length 1
if (j == i):
c += 1
continue
k = i + 1
# Check for decreasing sequence
while (k <= j and temp > strr[k]):
temp = strr[k]
k += 1
# If end of substring
# is reache
if (k > j):
c += 1
f = 2
# For increasing sequence
while (k <= j and f != 2 and
temp < strr[k]):
temp = strr[k]
k += 1
# If end of substring
# is reached
if (k > j and f != 2):
c += 1
f = 0
# Return the number
# of bitonic substrings
return c
# Driver Code
if __name__ == '__main__':
strr = "bade"
print(CountsubString(strr, len(strr)))
# This code is contributed by mohit kumar 29
// C# program to implement
// the above approach
using System;
class GFG{
// Function to calculate the number
// of reverse bitonic substrings
public static int CountsubString(char[] str,
int n)
{
// Stores the count
int c = 0;
// All possible lengths of substrings
for(int len = 1; len <= n; len++)
{
// Starting point of a substring
for(int i = 0; i <= n - len; i++)
{
// Ending point of a substring
int j = i + len - 1;
char temp = str[i], f = '0';
// Condition for reverse
// bitonic substrings of
// length 1
if (j == i)
{
c++;
continue;
}
int k = i + 1;
// Check for decreasing sequence
while (temp > str[k] && k <= j)
{
temp = str[k];
k++;
}
// If end of substring
// is reached
if (k > j)
{
c++;
f = '2';
}
// For increasing sequence
while (k <= j && temp < str[k] &&
f != '2')
{
temp = str[k];
k++;
}
// If end of substring
// is reached
if (k > j && f != 2)
{
c++;
f = '0';
}
}
}
// Return the number
// of bitonic substrings
return c;
}
// Driver code
public static void Main(String[] args)
{
char []str = { 'b', 'a', 'd', 'e' };
Console.WriteLine(CountsubString(
str, str.Length) - 1);
}
}
// This code is contributed by amal kumar choubey
<script>
// Javascript Program to implement
// the above approach
// Function to calculate the number
// of reverse bitonic substrings
function CountsubString(str, n)
{
// Stores the count
var c = 0;
// All possible lengths of substrings
for (var len = 1; len <= n; len++) {
// Starting point of a substring
for (var i = 0; i <= n - len; i++) {
// Ending point of a substring
var j = i + len - 1;
var temp = str[i], f = 0;
// Condition for reverse
// bitonic substrings of
// length 1
if (j == i) {
c++;
continue;
}
var k = i + 1;
// Check for decreasing sequence
while (temp > str[k] && k <= j) {
temp = str[k];
k++;
}
// If end of substring
// is reached
if (k > j) {
c++;
f = 2;
}
// For increasing sequence
while (temp < str[k] && k <= j
&& f != 2) {
temp = str[k];
k++;
}
// If end of substring
// is reached
if (k > j && f != 2) {
c++;
f = 0;
}
}
}
// Return the number
// of bitonic substrings
return c;
}
// Driver Code
var str = "bade".split('');
document.write( CountsubString(str, str.length));
// This code is contributed by importantly.
</script>
Output:
10
Time Complexity: O(N^3)
Auxiliary Space: O(1)
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