C/C++ Programs Last Updated : 23 Jul, 2025 Comments Improve Suggest changes Like Article Like Report sArray C/C++ ProgramsC Program to find sum of elements in a given arrayC program to find largest element in an arrayRecursive C program to linearly search an element in a given arrayC program to multiply two matricesC/C++ Program for Given an array A[] and a number x, check for pair in A[] with sum as xC/C++ Program for Majority ElementC/C++ Program for Find the Number Occurring Odd Number of TimesC/C++ Program for Largest Sum Contiguous SubarrayC/C++ Program for Find the Missing NumberC/C++ Program for Search an element in a sorted and pivoted arrayC/C++ Program for Merge an array of size n into another array of size m+nC/C++ Program for Median of two sorted arraysC/C++ Program for Write a program to reverse an arrayC/C++ Program for Program for array rotationC/C++ Program for Reversal algorithm for array rotationC/C++ Program for Block swap algorithm for array rotationC/C++ Program for Maximum sum such that no two elements are adjacentC/C++ Program for Leaders in an arrayC/C++ Program for Sort elements by frequency | Set 1C/C++ Program for Count Inversions in an arrayC/C++ Program for Two elements whose sum is closest to zeroC/C++ Program for Find the smallest and second smallest element in an arrayC/C++ Program for Check for Majority Element in a sorted arrayC/C++ Program for Maximum and minimum of an array using minimum number of comparisonsC/C++ Program for Segregate 0s and 1s in an arrayC/C++ Program for k largest(or smallest) elements in an array | added Min Heap methodC/C++ Program for Maximum size square sub-matrix with all 1sC/C++ Program for Maximum difference between two elements such that larger element appears after the smaller numberC/C++ Program for Union and Intersection of two sorted arraysC/C++ Program for Floor and Ceiling in a sorted arrayC/C++ Program for A Product Array PuzzleC/C++ Program for Segregate Even and Odd numbersC/C++ Program for Find the two repeating elements in a given arrayC/C++ Program for Sort an array of 0s, 1s and 2sC/C++ Program for Find the Minimum length Unsorted Subarray, sorting which makes the complete array sortedC/C++ Program for Find duplicates in O(n) time and O(1) extra spaceC/C++ Program for Equilibrium index of an arrayC/C++ Program for Which sorting algorithm makes minimum number of memory writes?C/C++ Program for Turn an image by 90 degreeC/C++ Program for Search in a row wise and column wise sorted matrixC/C++ Program for Next Greater ElementC/C++ Program for Check if array elements are consecutive | Added Method 3C/C++ Program for Find the smallest missing numberC/C++ Program for Count the number of occurrences in a sorted arrayC/C++ Program for Binary SearchC/C++ Program for Selection SortC/C++ Program for Bubble SortC/C++ Program for Insertion SortC/C++ Program for Merge SortC/C++ Program for Heap SortC/C++ Program for QuickSortC/C++ Program for Given an array arr[], find the maximum j – i such that arr[j] > arr[i]C/C++ Program for Maximum of all subarrays of size k (Added a O(n) method)C/C++ Program for Find whether an array is subset of another array | Added Method 3C/C++ Program for Find the minimum distance between two numbersC/C++ Program for Find the repeating and the missing | Added 3 new methodsC/C++ Program for Print a given matrix in spiral formC/C++ Program for A Boolean Matrix QuestionC/C++ Program for Median in a stream of integers (running integers)C/C++ Program for Find a Fixed Point in a given arrayC/C++ Program for Maximum Length Bitonic SubarrayC/C++ Program for Find the maximum element in an array which is first increasing and then decreasingC/C++ Program for Count smaller elements on right sideC/C++ Program for Minimum number of jumps to reach endC/C++ Program for Implement two stacks in an arrayC/C++ Program for Find subarray with given sumC/C++ Program for Dynamic Programming | Set 14 (Maximum Sum Increasing Subsequence)C/C++ Program for Longest Monotonically Increasing Subsequence Size (N log N)C/C++ Program for Find a triplet that sum to a given valueC/C++ Program for Find the smallest positive number missing from an unsorted arrayC/C++ Program for Find the two numbers with odd occurrences in an unsorted arrayC/C++ Program for The Celebrity ProblemC/C++ Program for Dynamic Programming | Set 15 (Longest Bitonic Subsequence)C/C++ Program for Find a sorted subsequence of size 3 in linear timeC/C++ Program for Largest subarray with equal number of 0s and 1sC/C++ Program for Dynamic Programming | Set 18 (Partition problem)C/C++ Program for Maximum Product SubarrayC/C++ Program for Find a pair with the given differenceC/C++ Program for Replace every element with the next greatestC/C++ Program for Dynamic Programming | Set 20 (Maximum Length Chain of Pairs)C/C++ Program for Find four elements that sum to a given value | Set 1 (n^3 solution)C/C++ Program for Find four elements that sum to a given value | Set 2 ( O(n^2Logn) Solution)C/C++ Program for Sort a nearly sorted (or K sorted) arrayC/C++ Program for Maximum circular subarray sumC/C++ Program for Find the row with maximum number of 1sC/C++ Program for Median of two sorted arrays of different sizesC/C++ Program for Print unique rows in a given boolean matrixC/C++ Program for Shuffle a given arrayC/C++ Program for Count the number of possible trianglesC/C++ Program for Iterative Quick SortC/C++ Program for Inplace M x N size matrix transpose | UpdatedC/C++ Program for Find the number of islandsC/C++ Program for Construction of Longest Monotonically Increasing Subsequence (N log N)C/C++ Program for Find the first circular tour that visits all petrol pumpsC/C++ Program for Arrange given numbers to form the biggest numberC/C++ Program for Dynamic Programming | Set 27 (Maximum sum rectangle in a 2D matrix)C/C++ Program for Pancake sortingC/C++ Program for A Pancake Sorting ProblemC/C++ Program for Tug of WarC/C++ Program for Print Matrix DiagonallyC/C++ Program for Divide and Conquer | Set 3 (Maximum Subarray Sum)C/C++ Program for Counting SortC/C++ Program for Merge Overlapping IntervalsC/C++ Program for Find the maximum repeating number in O(n) time and O(1) extra spaceC/C++ Program for Stock Buy Sell to Maximize ProfitC/C++ Program for Rearrange positive and negative numbers in O(n) time and O(1) extra spaceC/C++ Program for Sort elements by frequency | Set 2C/C++ Program for Find a peak elementC/C++ Program for Print all possible combinations of r elements in a given array of size nC/C++ Program for Given an array of of size n and a number k, find all elements that appear more than n/k timesC/C++ Program for Find the point where a monotonically increasing function becomes positive first timeC/C++ Program for Find the Increasing subsequence of length three with maximum productC/C++ Program for Find the minimum element in a sorted and rotated arrayC/C++ Program for Stable Marriage ProblemC/C++ Program for Merge k sorted arrays | Set 1C/C++ Program for Radix SortC/C++ Program for Move all zeroes to end of arrayC/C++ Program for Find number of pairs such that x^y > y^xC/C++ Program for Count all distinct pairs with difference equal to kC/C++ Program for Count all possible paths from top left to bottom right of a mXn matrixC/C++ Program for Suffix Array | Set 1 (Introduction)C/C++ Program for Rearrange an array so that arr[i] becomes arr[arr[i]] with O(1) extra spaceC/C++ Program for Sort n numbers in range from 0 to n^2 – 1 in linear timeC/C++ Program for Count all possible groups of size 2 or 3 that have sum as multiple of 3Matrix C/C++ ProgramsC Program to check if two given matrices are identicalC program to find transpose of a matrixC program for subtraction of matricesC program for addition of two matricesC program to multiply two matricesC/C++ Program for Print a given matrix in spiral formC/C++ Program for A Boolean Matrix QuestionC/C++ Program for Print Matrix DiagonallyC Program to find the number of islandsC Program to find maximum size square sub-matrix with all 1sC/C++ program for the celebrity problemC/C++ Program for Print a given matrix in spiral formString C/C++ ProgramsC program to swap two StringsC Program to Check if a Given String is PalindromeC Program to Sort an array of names or stringsC/C++ Program for Return maximum occurring character in the input stringC/C++ Program for Remove all duplicates from the input string.C/C++ Program for Print all the duplicates in the input string.C/C++ Program for Remove characters from the first string which are present in the second stringC/C++ Program for A Program to check if strings are rotations of each other or notC/C++ Program for Print reverse of a string using recursionC/C++ Program for Write a C program to print all permutations of a given stringC/C++ Program for Divide a string in N equal partsC/C++ Program for Given a string, find its first non-repeating characterC/C++ Program for Print list items containing all characters of a given wordC/C++ Program for Reverse words in a given stringC/C++ Program for Run Length EncodingC/C++ Program for Find the smallest window in a string containing all characters of another stringC/C++ Program for Searching for Patterns | Set 1 (Naive Pattern Searching)C/C++ Program for Searching for Patterns | Set 2 (KMP Algorithm)C/C++ Program for Searching for Patterns | Set 3 (Rabin-Karp Algorithm)C/C++ Program for Searching for Patterns | Set 4 (A Naive Pattern Searching Question)C/C++ Program for Length of the longest substring without repeating charactersC/C++ Program for Print all permutations with repetition of charactersC/C++ Program for Print all interleavings of given two stringsC/C++ Program for Check whether a given string is an interleaving of two other given stringsC/C++ Program for Check whether two strings are anagram of each otherC/C++ Program for Searching for Patterns | Set 5 (Finite Automata)C/C++ Program for Pattern Searching | Set 6 (Efficient Construction of Finite Automata)C/C++ Program for Pattern Searching | Set 7 (Boyer Moore Algorithm – Bad Character Heuristic)C/C++ Program for Dynamic Programming | Set 17 (Palindrome Partitioning)C/C++ Program for Lexicographic rank of a stringC/C++ Program for Print all permutations in sorted (lexicographic) orderC/C++ Program for Longest Palindromic Substring | Set 1C/C++ Program for An in-place algorithm for String TransformationC/C++ Program for Longest Palindromic Substring | Set 2C/C++ Program for Given a sequence of words, print all anagrams together | Set 1C/C++ Program for Given a sequence of words, print all anagrams together | Set 2C/C++ Program for Count words in a given stringC/C++ Program for String matching where one string contains wildcard charactersC/C++ Program for Write your own atoi()C/C++ Program for Dynamic Programming | Set 29 (Longest Common Substring)C/C++ Program for Remove “b” and “ac” from a given stringC/C++ Program for Dynamic Programming | Set 33 (Find if a string is interleaved of two other strings)C/C++ Program for Find the first non-repeating character from a stream of charactersC/C++ Program for Recursively remove all adjacent duplicatesC/C++ Program for Rearrange a string so that all same characters become d distance awayLinked List C/C++ Programs:C/C++ Program for Introduction to Linked ListC/C++ Program for Linked List InsertionC/C++ Program for Write a function to get Nth node in a Linked ListC/C++ Program for Given only a pointer to a node to be deleted in a singly linked list, how do you delete it?C/C++ Program to print the middle of a given linked listC/C++ Program for Nth node from the end of a Linked ListC/C++ Program to delete a Linked ListC/C++ Program to counts the number of times a given int occurs in a Linked ListC/C++ Program for Given only a pointer to a node to be deleted in a singly linked list, how do you delete it?C/C++ Program to reverse a linked listC/C++ Program to detect loop in a linked listC/C++ Program to check if a singly linked list is palindromeC/C++ Program The Great Tree-List Recursion Problem.C/C++ Program to Copy a linked list with next and arbit pointerC/C++ Program for Given a linked list which is sorted, how will you insert in sorted wayC/C++ Program for Write a function to get the intersection point of two Linked Lists.C/C++ Program for Write a recursive function to print reverse of a Linked ListC/C++ Program for Remove duplicates from a sorted linked listC/C++ Program for Remove duplicates from an unsorted linked listC/C++ Program for Reverse a Doubly Linked ListC/C++ Program for Split a Circular Linked List into two halvesC/C++ Program for Practice questions for Linked List and RecursionC/C++ Program for Move last element to front of a given Linked ListC/C++ Program for Pairwise swap elements of a given linked listC/C++ Program for Delete a node in a Doubly Linked ListC/C++ Program for Intersection of two Sorted Linked ListsC/C++ Program for Delete alternate nodes of a Linked ListC/C++ Program for Alternating split of a given Singly Linked ListC/C++ Program for Merge two sorted linked listsC/C++ Program for Identical Linked ListsC/C++ Program for Merge Sort for Linked ListsC/C++ Program for Reverse a Linked List in groups of given sizeC/C++ Program for Sorted insert for circular linked listC/C++ Program for Reverse alternate K nodes in a Singly Linked ListC/C++ Program for Delete nodes which have a greater value on right sideC/C++ Program for Segregate even and odd nodes in a Linked ListC/C++ Program for Detect and Remove Loop in a Linked ListC/C++ Program for XOR Linked List – A Memory Efficient Doubly Linked List | Set 1C/C++ Program for Add two numbers represented by linked lists | Set 1C/C++ Program for How to write C functions that modify head pointer of a Linked List?C/C++ Program for Delete a given node in Linked List under given constraintsC/C++ Program for Sorted Linked List to Balanced BSTC/C++ Program for In-place conversion of Sorted DLL to Balanced BSTC/C++ Program for Union and Intersection of two Linked ListsC/C++ Program for XOR Linked List – A Memory Efficient Doubly Linked List | Set 2C/C++ Program for Find a triplet from three linked lists with sum equal to a given numberC/C++ Program for Rotate a Linked ListC/C++ Program for Implement LRU CacheC/C++ Program for Flattening a Linked ListC/C++ Program for Add two numbers represented by linked lists | Set 2C/C++ Program for Sort a linked list of 0s, 1s and 2sC/C++ Program for Flatten a multilevel linked listC/C++ Program for QuickSort on Doubly Linked ListC/C++ Program for Swap Kth node from beginning with Kth node from end in a Linked ListC/C++ Program for Design a stack with operations on middle elementC/C++ Program for Delete N nodes after M nodes of a linked listC/C++ Program for QuickSort on Singly Linked ListC/C++ Program for Merge a linked list into another linked list at alternate positionsC/C++ Program for Pairwise swap elements of a given linked list by changing linksC/C++ Program for Given a linked list, reverse alternate nodes and append at the endC Program for Bubble Sort on Linked ListStack C/C++ Programs:C/C++ Program for Infix to Postfix Conversion using StackC/C++ Program for Evaluation of Postfix ExpressionC/C++ Program for Reverse a Sting using StackC/C++ Program for Implement two stacks in an arrayC/C++ Program for Check for balanced parentheses in an expressionC/C++ Program for Next Greater ElementC/C++ Program for Reverse a stack using recursionC/C++ Program for The Stock Span ProblemC/C++ Program for Design and Implement Special Stack Data StructureC/C++ Program for Implement Stack using QueuesC/C++ Program for Design a stack with operations on middle elementQueue C/C++ Programs:C/C++ Program for Queue Introduction and Array ImplementationC/C++ Program for Linked List Implementation of QueueC/C++ Program for Implement Queue using StacksC/C++ Program for Check whether a given Binary Tree is Complete or notC/C++ Program for Find the largest multiple of 3Tree C/C++ Programs:C/C++ Program for Tree TraversalsC/C++ Program for Write a C program to Calculate Size of a treeC/C++ Program for Write C Code to Determine if Two Trees are IdenticalC/C++ Program for Write a C Program to Find the Maximum Depth or Height of a TreeC/C++ Program for Write a C program to Delete a Tree.C/C++ Program for Write an Efficient C Function to Convert a Binary Tree into its Mirror TreeC/C++ Program for If you are given two traversal sequences, can you construct the binary tree?C/C++ Program for Given a binary tree, print out all of its root-to-leaf paths one per line.C/C++ Program for Lowest Common Ancestor in a Binary Search Tree.C/C++ Program for The Great Tree-List Recursion Problem.C/C++ Program for Find the node with minimum value in a Binary Search TreeC/C++ Program for Level Order Tree TraversalC/C++ Program for Program to count leaf nodes in a binary treeC/C++ Program for A program to check if a binary tree is BST or notC/C++ Program for Level order traversal in spiral formC/C++ Program for Check for Children Sum Property in a Binary Tree.C/C++ Program for Convert an arbitrary Binary Tree to a tree that holds Children Sum PropertyC/C++ Program for Diameter of a Binary TreeC/C++ Program for How to determine if a binary tree is height-balanced?C/C++ Program for Inorder Tree Traversal without RecursionC/C++ Program for Inorder Tree Traversal without recursion and without stack!C/C++ Program for Root to leaf path sum equal to a given numberC/C++ Program for Construct Tree from given Inorder and Preorder traversalsC/C++ Program for Given a binary tree, print all root-to-leaf pathsC/C++ Program for Double TreeC/C++ Program for Maximum width of a binary treeC/C++ Program for Total number of possible Binary Search Trees with n keysC/C++ Program for Foldable Binary TreesC/C++ Program for Print nodes at k distance from rootC++ Program for Inorder predecessor and successor of a given key in BSTC/C++ Program for Sorted order printing of a given array that represents a BSTC/C++ Program for Applications of tree data structureC/C++ Program for Inorder Successor in Binary Search TreeC/C++ Program for Find k-th smallest element in BST (Order Statistics in BST)C/C++ Program for Get Level of a node in a Binary TreeC/C++ Program for Print Ancestors of a given node in Binary TreeC/C++ Program for Print BST keys in the given rangeC/C++ Program for Tournament Tree (Winner Tree) and Binary HeapC/C++ Program for Check if a given Binary Tree is SumTreeC/C++ Program for Decision Trees – Fake (Counterfeit) Coin Puzzle (12 Coin Puzzle)C/C++ Program for Check if a binary tree is subtree of another binary treeC/C++ Program for Trie | (Insert and Search)C/C++ Program for Trie | (Delete)C/C++ Program for Connect nodes at same levelC/C++ Program for Connect nodes at same level using constant extra spaceC/C++ Program for Sorted Array to Balanced BSTC/C++ Program for Populate Inorder Successor for all nodesC/C++ Program for Convert a given tree to its Sum TreeC/C++ Program for Find the largest BST subtree in a given Binary TreeC/C++ Program for AVL Tree | Set 1 (Insertion)C/C++ Program for Vertical Sum in a given Binary TreeC/C++ Program for AVL Tree | Set 2 (Deletion)C/C++ Program for Merge Two Balanced Binary Search TreesC/C++ Program for Find the maximum sum leaf to root path in a Binary TreeC/C++ Program for Merge two BSTs with limited extra spaceC/C++ Program for Binary Tree to Binary Search Tree ConversionC/C++ Program for Construct Special Binary Tree from given Inorder traversalC/C++ Program for Construct a special tree from given preorder traversalC/C++ Program for Check if each internal node of a BST has exactly one childC/C++ Program for Check whether a given Binary Tree is Complete or notC/C++ Program for Boundary Traversal of binary treeC/C++ Program for Two nodes of a BST are swapped, correct the BSTC/C++ Program for Construct Full Binary Tree from given preorder and postorder traversalsC/C++ Program for Construct BST from given preorder traversal | Set 1C/C++ Program for Construct BST from given preorder traversal | Set 2C/C++ Program for Floor and Ceil from a BSTC/C++ Program for Iterative Preorder TraversalC/C++ Program for Convert a BST to a Binary Tree such that sum of all greater keys is added to every keyC/C++ Program for Morris traversal for PreorderC/C++ Program for Linked complete binary tree & its creationC/C++ Program for Ternary Search TreeC/C++ Program for Segment Tree | Set 1 (Sum of given range)C/C++ Program for Segment Tree | Set 2 (Range Minimum Query)C/C++ Program for Dynamic Programming | Set 26 (Largest Independent Set Problem)C/C++ Program for Iterative Postorder Traversal | Set 1 (Using Two Stacks)C/C++ Program for Iterative Postorder Traversal | Set 2 (Using One Stack)C/C++ Program for Find if there is a triplet in a Balanced BST that adds to zeroC/C++ Program for Find a pair with given sum in a Balanced BSTC/C++ Program for Reverse Level Order TraversalC/C++ Program for Construct Complete Binary Tree from its Linked List RepresentationC/C++ Program for Remove BST keys outside the given rangeC/C++ Program for Convert a given Binary Tree to Doubly Linked List | Set 1C/C++ Program for B-Tree | Set 1 (Introduction)C/C++ Program for B-Tree | Set 2 (Insert)C/C++ Program for Longest prefix matching – A Trie based solution in JavaC/C++ Program for Tree Isomorphism ProblemC/C++ Program for Find all possible interpretations of an array of digitsC/C++ Program for Iterative Method to find Height of Binary TreeC/C++ Program for Custom Tree ProblemC/C++ Program for Check for Identical BSTs without building the treesC/C++ Program for Convert a given Binary Tree to Doubly Linked List | Set 2C/C++ Program for Print ancestors of a given binary tree node without recursionC/C++ Program for Difference between sums of odd level and even level nodes of a Binary TreeC/C++ Program for Print Postorder traversal from given Inorder and Preorder traversalsC/C++ Program for Find depth of the deepest odd level leaf nodeC/C++ Program for Check if all leaves are at same levelC/C++ Program for Print Left View of a Binary TreeC/C++ Program for B-Tree | Set 3 (Delete)C/C++ Program for Add all greater values to every node in a given BSTC/C++ Program for Remove all nodes which don’t lie in any path with sum>= kC/C++ Program for Extract Leaves of a Binary Tree in a Doubly Linked ListC/C++ Program for Deepest left leaf node in a binary treeC/C++ Program for Find next right node of a given keyC/C++ Program for Splay Tree | Set 1 (Search)C/C++ Program for Splay Tree | Set 2 (Insert)C/C++ Program for Sum of all the numbers that are formed from root to leaf pathsC/C++ Program for Red-Black Tree | Set 1 (Introduction)C/C++ Program for Red-Black Tree | Set 2 (Insert)C/C++ Program for Convert a given Binary Tree to Doubly Linked List | Set 3C/C++ Program for Print all nodes that don’t have siblingC/C++ Program for Lowest Common Ancestor in a Binary Tree | Set 1C/C++ Program for Find distance between two given keys of a Binary TreeC/C++ Program for Print all nodes that are at distance k from a leaf nodeC/C++ Program for Check if a given Binary Tree is height balanced like a Red-Black TreeC/C++ Program for Interval TreeC/C++ Program for Print a Binary Tree in Vertical Order | Set 1C/C++ Program for Print all nodes at distance k from a given nodeC/C++ Program to find the maximum path sum between two leaves of a binary treeGraph C/C++ Programs:C/C++ Program for Depth First Traversal for a GraphC/C++ Program for Breadth First Traversal for a GraphC/C++ Program for Detect Cycle in a Directed GraphC/C++ Program for Find if there is a path between two vertices in a directed graphC/C++ Program for Hamiltonian Cycle DetectionC/C++ Program for Dynamic Programming | Set 16 (Floyd Warshall Algorithm)C/C++ Program for Find the number of islandsC/C++ Program for Union-Find Algorithm | Set 1 (Detect Cycle in a an Undirected Graph)C/C++ Program for Union-Find Algorithm | Set 2 (Union By Rank and Path Compression)C/C++ Program for Greedy Algorithms | Set 2 (Kruskal’s Minimum Spanning Tree Algorithm)C/C++ Program for Graph and its representationsC/C++ Program for Greedy Algorithms | Set 5 (Prim’s Minimum Spanning Tree (MST))C/C++ Program for Greedy Algorithms | Set 6 (Prim’s MST for Adjacency List Representation)C/C++ Program for Greedy Algorithms | Set 7 (Dijkstra’s shortest path algorithm)C/C++ Program for Greedy Algorithms | Set 8 (Dijkstra’s Algorithm for Adjacency List Representation)C/C++ Program for Dynamic Programming | Set 23 (Bellman–Ford Algorithm)C/C++ Program for Transitive closure of a graphC/C++ Program for Check whether a given graph is Bipartite or notC/C++ Program for Topological SortingC/C++ Program for Shortest Path in Directed Acyclic GraphC/C++ Program for Strongly Connected ComponentsC/C++ Program for Articulation Points (or Cut Vertices) in a GraphC/C++ Program for Bridges in a graphC/C++ Program for Biconnected graphC/C++ Program for Connectivity in a directed graphC/C++ Program for Eulerian path and circuitC/C++ Program for Ford-Fulkerson Algorithm for Maximum Flow ProblemC/C++ Program for Maximum Bipartite MatchingC/C++ Program for Find minimum s-t cut in a flow networkC/C++ Program for Fleury’s Algorithm for printing Eulerian Path or CircuitC/C++ Program for Longest Path in a Directed Acyclic GraphC/C++ Program for Find maximum number of edge disjoint paths between two verticesC/C++ Program for Detect cycle in an undirected graphC/C++ Program for Travelling Salesman Problem | Set 1 (Naive and Dynamic Programming)C/C++ Program for Travelling Salesman Problem | Set 2 (Approximate using MST)C/C++ Program for Johnson’s algorithm for All-pairs shortest pathsC/C++ Program for Graph Coloring | Set 1 (Introduction and Applications)C/C++ Program for Graph Coloring | Set 2 (Greedy Algorithm)C/C++ Program for Some interesting shortest path questions | Set 1C/C+ program to Reverse alternate levels of a perfect binary treeC/C++ program to transform a BST to greater sum treeBit-Magic C/C++ Program:C/C++ Program for Next Power of 2C/C++ Program for Write an Efficient Method to Check if a Number is Multiple of 3C/C++ Program for Write a C program to find the parity of an unsigned integerC/C++ Program for Efficient way to multiply with 7C/C++ Program for Write one line C function to find whether a no is power of twoC/C++ Program for Position of rightmost set bitC/C++ Program for Find the Number Occurring Odd Number of TimesC/C++ Program for Check for Integer OverflowC/C++ Program for Little and Big Endian MysteryC/C++ Program for Write an Efficient C Program to Reverse Bits of a NumberC/C++ Program for Count set bits in an integerC/C++ Program for Count number of bits to be flipped to convert A to BC/C++ Program for Find the two non-repeating elements in an array of repeating elementsC/C++ Program for Rotate bits of a numberC/C++ Program for Compute the minimum or maximum of two integers without branchingC/C++ Program for Compute modulus division by a power-of-2-numberC/C++ Program for Compute the integer absolute value (abs) without branchingC/C++ Program for Find whether a given number is a power of 4 or notC/C++ Program for Turn off the rightmost set bitC/C++ Program for Multiply a given Integer with 3.5C/C++ Program for Add 1 to a given numberC/C++ Program for Optimization Techniques | Set 1 (Modulus)C/C++ Program for Next higher number with same number of set bitsC/C++ Program for Program to count number of set bits in an (big) arrayC/C++ Program for A Boolean Array PuzzleC/C++ Program for Smallest of three integers without comparison operatorsC/C++ Program for Add two numbers without using arithmetic operatorsC/C++ Program for Swap bits in a given numberC/C++ Program for Count total set bits in all numbers from 1 to nC/C++ Program for Detect if two integers have opposite signsC/C++ Program for Find the element that appears onceC/C++ Program for Binary representation of a given numberC/C++ Program for Write your own strcmp that ignores casesC/C++ Program for Add two bit stringsC/C++ Program for Swap all odd and even bitsC/C++ Program for Find position of the only set bitC/C++ Program for Divide and Conquer | Set 4 (Karatsuba algorithm for fast multiplication)C/C++ Program for How to swap two numbers without using a temporary variable?C/C++ Program for Check if a number is multiple of 9 using bitwise operatorsC/C++ Mathematical ProgramsC/C++ Program for Write an Efficient Method to Check if a Number is Multiple of 3C Program to print first n Fibonacci NumbersC program to find area of a triangleC Program to find sum of series 1 + 1/2 + 1/3 + 1/4 + .. + 1/nC/C++ Program for Efficient way to multiply with 7C/C++ Program for Write a C program to print all permutations of a given stringC/C++ Program for Lucky NumbersC/C++ Program for Write a program to add two numbers in base 14C/C++ Program for Babylonian method for square rootC/C++ Program for Multiply two integers without using multiplication, division and bitwise operators, and no loopsC/C++ Program for Print all combinations of points that can compose a given numberC/C++ Program for Write you own Power without using multiplication(*) and division(/) operatorsC/C++ Program for Fibonacci numbersC/C++ Program for Average of a stream of numbersC/C++ Program for Check whether a given point lies inside a triangle or notC/C++ Program for Count numbers that don’t contain 3C/C++ Program for Magic SquareC/C++ Program for Sieve of EratosthenesC/C++ Program for Find day of the week for a given dateC/C++ Program for DFA based divisionC/C++ Program for Generate integer from 1 to 7 with equal probabilityC/C++ Program for Given a number, find the next smallest palindromeC/C++ Program for Make a fair coin from a biased coinC/C++ Program for Check divisibility by 7C/C++ Program for Find the largest multiple of 3C/C++ Program for Lexicographic rank of a stringC/C++ Program for Print all permutations in sorted (lexicographic) orderC/C++ Program for Shuffle a given arrayC/C++ Program for Space and time efficient Binomial CoefficientC/C++ Program for Reservoir SamplingC/C++ Program for Pascal’s TriangleC/C++ Program for Select a random number from stream, with O(1) spaceC/C++ Program for Find the largest multiple of 2, 3 and 5C/C++ Program for Efficient program to calculate e^xC/C++ Program for Measure one litre using two vessels and infinite water supplyC/C++ Program for Efficient program to print all prime factors of a given numberC/C++ Program for Print all possible combinations of r elements in a given array of size nC/C++ Program for Random number generator in arbitrary probability distribution fashionC/C++ Program for How to check if two given line segments intersect?C/C++ Program for How to check if a given point lies inside or outside a polygon?C/C++ Program for Convex Hull | Set 1 (Jarvis’s Algorithm or Wrapping)C/C++ Program for Convex Hull | Set 2 (Graham Scan)C/C++ Program for How to check if a given number is Fibonacci number?C/C++ Program for Russian Peasant MultiplicationC Program to Draw a circle without floating point arithmeticC++ Program to print all palindromes in a given rangeC/C++ Dynamic Programming ProgramsC/C++ Program for Largest Sum Contiguous SubarrayC/C++ Program for Ugly NumbersC/C++ Program for Maximum size square sub-matrix with all 1sC/C++ Program for Program for Fibonacci numbersC/C++ Program for Overlapping Subproblems PropertyC/C++ Program for Optimal Substructure PropertyC/C++ Program for Longest Increasing SubsequenceC/C++ Program for Longest Common Subsequence)C/C++ Program for Edit DistanceC/C++ Program for Min Cost PathC/C++ Program for Length of the longest substring without repeating charactersC/C++ Program for Minimum number of jumps to reach endC/C++ Program for Coin Change)C/C++ Program for Matrix Chain MultiplicationC/C++ Program for Binomial CoefficientC/C++ Program for 0-1 Knapsack ProblemC/C++ Program for Egg Dropping PuzzleC/C++ Program for Longest Palindromic SubsequenceC/C++ Program for Cutting a RodC/C++ Program for Maximum Sum Increasing SubsequenceC/C++ Program for Longest Bitonic SubsequenceC/C++ Program for Floyd Warshall AlgorithmC/C++ Program for Palindrome PartitioningC/C++ Program for Partition problemC/C++ Program for Word Wrap ProblemC/C++ Program for Maximum Length Chain of PairsC/C++ Program for Box Stacking ProblemC/C++ Program for Longest Palindromic SubstringC/C++ Program for Bellman–Ford AlgorithmC/C++ Program for Optimal Binary Search TreeC/C++ Program for Subset Sum ProblemC/C++ Program for Largest Independent Set ProblemC/C++ Program for Maximum sum rectangle in a 2D matrixC/C++ Program for Minimum insertions to form a palindromeC/C++ Program for Longest Common SubstringC/C++ Program for Dice ThrowC/C++ Program for Optimal Strategy for a GameC/C++ Program for Word Break ProblemC/C++ Program for Find if a string is interleaved of two other stringsC/C++ Program for Assembly Line SchedulingC/C++ Program for Longest Arithmetic ProgressionC/C++ Program for Maximum Product CuttingC/C++ Program for Count all possible paths from top left to bottom right of a mXn matrixC/C++ Greedy Algorithm ProgramsC/C++ Program Activity Selection ProblemC/C++ Program Kruskal’s Minimum Spanning Tree AlgorithmC/C++ Program for Huffman CodingC/C++ Program for Efficient Huffman Coding for Sorted InputC/C++ Program for Prim’s Minimum Spanning Tree (MST)C/C++ Program for Prim’s MST for Adjacency List RepresentationC/C++ Program for Dijkstra’s shortest path algorithmC/C++ Program for Dijkstra’s Algorithm for Adjacency List RepresentationC/C++ Program for Graph ColoringC/C++ Program for Rearrange a string so that all same characters become d distance awayC/C++ Backtracking ProgramsC/C++ Program to print all permutations of a given stringC/C++ Program The Knight’s tour problemC/C++ Program for Rat in a MazeC/C++ Program for N Queen ProblemC/C++ Program for Subset SumC/C++ Program for m Coloring ProblemC/C++ Program for Hamiltonian CycleC/C++ Program for SudokuC/C++ Program for Tug of WarC/C++ Program for (Solving Cryptarithmetic PuzzlesC/C++ Divide and Conquer Programs:C/C++ Program for Write a C program to calculate pow(x,n)C/C++ Program for Median of two sorted arraysC/C++ Program for Count Inversions in an arrayC/C++ Program for Check for Majority Element in a sorted arrayC/C++ Program for Maximum and minimum of an array using minimum number of comparisonsC/C++ Program for Program to count number of set bits in an (big) arrayC/C++ Program for Count the number of occurrences in a sorted arrayC/C++ Program for Find a Fixed Point in a given arrayC/C++ Program for Find the maximum element in an array which is first increasing and then decreasingC/C++ Program for Median of two sorted arrays of different sizesC/C++ Program for Closest Pair of PointsC/C++ Program for Maximum Subarray SumC/C++ Program for Largest Rectangular Area in a HistogramC/C++ Program for Karatsuba algorithm for fast multiplication)C/C++ Program for Find a peak elementC/C++ Program for Find the point where a monotonically increasing function becomes positive first timeC/C++ Program for Find the minimum element in a sorted and rotated arrayC/C++ Program for Closest Pair of Points | O(nlogn) ImplementationC/C++ String Searching Programs:C/C++ Program for Naive Pattern SearchingC/C++ Program for KMP AlgorithmC/C++ Program for Rabin-Karp AlgorithmC/C++ Program for A Naive Pattern Searching QuestionC/C++ Program for Finite AutomataC/C++ Program for Efficient Construction of Finite AutomataC/C++ Program for Boyer Moore Algorithm – Bad Character HeuristicC/C++ Program for String matching where one string contains wildcard charactersC/C++ Program for Suffix ArrayC/C++ Geometric Algorithm Programs:C/C++ Program for How to check if two given line segments intersect?C/C++ Program for How to check if a given point lies inside or outside a polygon?C/C++ Program for Convex Hull | (Jarvis’s Algorithm or Wrapping)C/C++ Program for Convex Hull | (Graham Scan)C/C++ Program for Given n line segments, find if any two segments intersectC/C++ Program for Closest Pair of Points | O(nlogn) ImplementationC/C++ Program for Find if two rectangles overlapC/C++ Misc Programs:C Program to print environment variableC Program for Tower of HanoiC Program to print Floyd’s triangleC Program to Swap two NumbersC program swap two numbers without using a temporary variableC Program to check if a given year is leap yearC Program to sum the digits of a given number in single statement?C program to print numbers from 1 to 100 without using loop?C Program to print contents of fileC program to copy contents of one file to another fileC Program to list all files and sub-directories in a directoryC program to delete a fileC Program to merge contents of two files into a third fileC Program to count number of lines in a fileC/C++ Program for Check if a number is PalindromeC/C++ Program for Print all possible combinations of r elements in a given array of size nC/C++ Program for Print all possible strings of length k that can be formed from a set of n charactersC/C++ Program to Find Excel column name from a given column numberC/C++ Program to Find next greater number with same set of digitsC/C++ Program to Count Possible Decodings of a given Digit SequenceC/C++ Program to calculate the angle between hour hand and minute hand Comment More infoAdvertise with us Next Article Introduction to C++ Programming Language R rahulsharmagfg1 Follow Improve Article Tags : C++ Practice Tags : CPP Similar Reads C++ Programming Language C++ is a computer programming language developed by Bjarne Stroustrup as an extension of the C language. It is known for is fast speed, low level memory management and is often taught as first programming language. It provides:Hands-on application of different programming concepts.Similar syntax to 5 min read C++ OverviewIntroduction to C++ Programming LanguageC++ is a general-purpose programming language that was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup as an enhancement of the C language to add object-oriented paradigm. It is considered as a middle-level language as it combines features of both high-level and low-level languages. It has high level language featur 3 min read Features of C++C++ is a general-purpose programming language that was developed as an enhancement of the C language to include an object-oriented paradigm. It is an imperative and compiled language. C++ has a number of features, including:Object-Oriented ProgrammingMachine IndependentSimpleHigh-Level LanguagePopul 5 min read History of C++The C++ language is an object-oriented programming language & is a combination of both low-level & high-level language - a Middle-Level Language. The programming language was created, designed & developed by a Danish Computer Scientist - Bjarne Stroustrup at Bell Telephone Laboratories ( 7 min read Interesting Facts about C++C++ is a general-purpose, object-oriented programming language. It supports generic programming and low-level memory manipulation. Bjarne Stroustrup (Bell Labs) in 1979, introduced the C-With-Classes, and in 1983 with the C++. Here are some awesome facts about C++ that may interest you: The name of 2 min read Setting up C++ Development EnvironmentC++ runs on lots of platforms like Windows, Linux, Unix, Mac, etc. If you do not want to set up a local environment you can also use online IDEs for compiling your program.Using Online IDEIDE stands for an integrated development environment. IDE is a software application that provides facilities to 8 min read Difference between C and C++C++ is often viewed as a superset of C. C++ is also known as a "C with class" This was very nearly true when C++ was originally created, but the two languages have evolved over time with C picking up a number of features that either weren't found in the contemporary version of C++ or still haven't m 3 min read C++ BasicsUnderstanding First C++ ProgramThe "Hello World" program is the first step towards learning any programming language and is also one of the most straightforward programs you will learn. It is the basic program that demonstrates the working of the coding process. All you have to do is display the message "Hello World" on the outpu 4 min read C++ Basic SyntaxSyntax refers to the rules and regulations for writing statements in a programming language. They can also be viewed as the grammatical rules defining the structure of a programming language.The C++ language also has its syntax for the functionalities it provides. Different statements have different 4 min read C++ CommentsComments in C++ are meant to explain the code as well as to make it more readable. Their purpose is to provide information about code lines. When testing alternative code, they can also be used to prevent execution of some part of the code. Programmers commonly use comments to document their work.Ex 3 min read Tokens in CIn C programming, tokens are the smallest units in a program that have meaningful representations. Tokens are the building blocks of a C program, and they are recognized by the C compiler to form valid expressions and statements. Tokens can be classified into various categories, each with specific r 4 min read C++ KeywordsKeywords are the reserved words that have special meanings in the C++ language. They are the words that have special meaning in the language. C++ uses keywords for a specifying the components of the language, such as void, int, public, etc. They can't be used for a variable name, function name or an 2 min read Difference between Keyword and Identifier in CIn C, keywords and identifiers are basically the fundamental parts of the language used. Identifiers are the names that can be given to a variable, function or other entity while keywords are the reserved words that have predefined meaning in the language.The below table illustrates the primary diff 3 min read C++ Variables and ConstantsC++ VariablesIn C++, variable is a name given to a memory location. It is the basic unit of storage in a program. The value stored in a variable can be accessed or changed during program execution.Creating a VariableCreating a variable and giving it a name is called variable definition (sometimes called variable 4 min read Constants in CIn C programming, const is a keyword used to declare a variable as constant, meaning its value cannot be changed after it is initialized. It is mainly used to protect variables from being accidentally modified, making the program safer and easier to understand. These constants can be of various type 4 min read Scope of Variables in C++In C++, the scope of a variable is the extent in the code upto which the variable can be accessed or worked with. It is the region of the program where the variable is accessible using the name it was declared with.Let's take a look at an example:C++#include <iostream> using namespace std; // 7 min read Storage Classes in C++ with ExamplesC++ Storage Classes are used to describe the characteristics of a variable/function. It determines the lifetime, visibility, default value, and storage location which helps us to trace the existence of a particular variable during the runtime of a program. Storage class specifiers are used to specif 6 min read Static Keyword in C++The static keyword in C++ has different meanings when used with different types. In this article, we will learn about the static keyword in C++ along with its various uses.In C++, a static keyword can be used in the following context:Table of ContentStatic Variables in a FunctionStatic Member Variab 5 min read C++ Data Types and LiteralsC++ Data TypesData types specify the type of data that a variable can store. Whenever a variable is defined in C++, the compiler allocates some memory for that variable based on the data type with which it is declared as every data type requires a different amount of memory.C++ supports a wide variety of data typ 7 min read Literals in CIn C, Literals are the constant values that are assigned to the variables. Literals represent fixed values that cannot be modified. Literals contain memory but they do not have references as variables. Generally, both terms, constants, and literals are used interchangeably. For example, “const int = 4 min read Derived Data Types in C++The data types that are derived from the primitive or built-in datatypes are referred to as Derived Data Types. They are generally the data types that are created from the primitive data types and provide some additional functionality.In C++, there are four different derived data types:Table of Cont 4 min read User Defined Data Types in C++User defined data types are those data types that are defined by the user himself. In C++, these data types allow programmers to extend the basic data types provided and create new types that are more suited to their specific needs. C++ supports 5 user-defined data types:Table of ContentClassStructu 4 min read Data Type Ranges and Their Macros in C++Most of the times, in competitive programming, there is a need to assign the variable, the maximum or minimum value that data type can hold but remembering such a large and precise number comes out to be a difficult job. Therefore, C++ has certain macros to represent these numbers, so that these can 3 min read C++ Type ModifiersIn C++, type modifiers are the keywords used to change or give extra meaning to already existing data types. It is added to primitive data types as a prefix to modify their size or range of data they can store.C++ have 4 type modifiers which are as follows:Table of Contentsigned Modifierunsigned Mod 4 min read Type Conversion in C++Type conversion means converting one type of data to another compatible type such that it doesn't lose its meaning. It is essential for managing different data types in C++. Let's take a look at an example:C++#include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { // Two variables of different t 4 min read Casting Operators in C++The casting operators is the modern C++ solution for converting one type of data safely to another type. This process is called typecasting where the type of the data is changed to another type either implicitly (by the compiler) or explicitly (by the programmer).Let's take a look at an example:C++# 5 min read C++ OperatorsOperators in C++C++ operators are the symbols that operate on values to perform specific mathematical or logical computations on given values. They are the foundation of any programming language.Example:C++#include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { int a = 10 + 20; cout << a; return 0; }Outpu 9 min read C++ Arithmetic OperatorsArithmetic Operators in C++ are used to perform arithmetic or mathematical operations on the operands (generally numeric values). An operand can be a variable or a value. For example, ‘+’ is used for addition, '-' is used for subtraction, '*' is used for multiplication, etc. Let's take a look at an 4 min read Unary Operators in CIn C programming, unary operators are operators that operate on a single operand. These operators are used to perform operations such as negation, incrementing or decrementing a variable, or checking the size of a variable. They provide a way to modify or manipulate the value of a single variable in 5 min read Bitwise Operators in CIn C, bitwise operators are used to perform operations directly on the binary representations of numbers. These operators work by manipulating individual bits (0s and 1s) in a number.The following 6 operators are bitwise operators (also known as bit operators as they work at the bit-level). They are 6 min read Assignment Operators in CIn C, assignment operators are used to assign values to variables. The left operand is the variable and the right operand is the value being assigned. The value on the right must match the data type of the variable otherwise, the compiler will raise an error.Let's take a look at an example:C#include 4 min read C++ sizeof OperatorThe sizeof operator is a unary compile-time operator used to determine the size of variables, data types, and constants in bytes at compile time. It can also determine the size of classes, structures, and unions.Let's take a look at an example:C++#include <iostream> using namespace std; int ma 3 min read Scope Resolution Operator in C++In C++, the scope resolution operator (::) is used to access the identifiers such as variable names and function names defined inside some other scope in the current scope. Let's take a look at an example:C++#include <iostream> int main() { // Accessing cout from std namespace using scope // r 4 min read C++ Input/OutputBasic Input / Output in C++In C++, input and output are performed in the form of a sequence of bytes or more commonly known as streams.Input Stream: If the direction of flow of bytes is from the device (for example, Keyboard) to the main memory then this process is called input.Output Stream: If the direction of flow of bytes 5 min read cin in C++In C++, cin is an object of istream class that is used to accept the input from the standard input stream i.e. stdin which is by default associated with keyboard. The extraction operator (>>) is used along with cin to extract the data from the object and insert it to the given variable.Let's t 4 min read cout in C++In C++, cout is an object of the ostream class that is used to display output to the standard output device, usually the monitor. It is associated with the standard C output stream stdout. The insertion operator (<<) is used with cout to insert data into the output stream.Let's take a look at 2 min read Standard Error Stream Object - cerr in C++In C++, cerr is the standard error stream used to output the errors. It is an instance of the ostream class and is un-buffered, so it is used when we need to display the error message immediately and does not store the error message to display later. The 'c' in cerr refers to "character" and 'err' m 3 min read Manipulators in C++Manipulators are helping functions that can modify the input or output stream. They can be included in the I/O statement to alter the format parameters of a stream. They are defined inside <iomanip> and some are also defined inside <iostream> header file. For example, if we want to print 4 min read C++ Control StatementsDecision Making in C (if , if..else, Nested if, if-else-if )In C, programs can choose which part of the code to execute based on some condition. This ability is called decision making and the statements used for it are called conditional statements. These statements evaluate one or more conditions and make the decision whether to execute a block of code or n 7 min read C++ if StatementThe C++ if statement is the most simple decision-making statement. It is used to decide whether a certain statement or block of statements will be executed or not executed based on a certain condition. Let's take a look at an example:C++#include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { int 3 min read C++ if else StatementThe if statement alone tells us that if a condition is true it will execute a block of statements and if the condition is false, it won’t. But what if we want to do something else if the condition is false. Here comes the C++ if else statement. We can use the else statement with if statement to exec 3 min read C++ if else if LadderIn C++, the if-else-if ladder helps the user decide from among multiple options. The C++ if statements are executed from the top down. As soon as one of the conditions controlling the if is true, the statement associated with that if is executed, and the rest of the C++ else-if ladder is bypassed. I 3 min read Switch Statement in C++In C++, the switch statement is a flow control statement that is used to execute the different blocks of statements based on the value of the given expression. It is a simpler alternative to the long if-else-if ladder.SyntaxC++switch (expression) { case value_1: // code to be executed. break; case v 5 min read Jump statements in C++Jump statements are used to manipulate the flow of the program if some conditions are met. It is used to terminate or continue the loop inside a program or to stop the execution of a function.In C++, there is four jump statement:Table of Contentcontinue Statementbreak Statementreturn Statementgoto S 4 min read C++ LoopsIn C++ programming, sometimes there is a need to perform some operation more than once or (say) n number of times. For example, suppose we want to print "Hello World" 5 times. Manually, we have to write cout for the C++ statement 5 times as shown.C++#include <iostream> using namespace std; int 7 min read for Loop in C++In C++, for loop is an entry-controlled loop that is used to execute a block of code repeatedly for the given number of times. It is generally preferred over while and do-while loops in case the number of iterations is known beforehand.Let's take a look at an example:C++#include <bits/stdc++.h 6 min read Range-Based for Loop in C++In C++, the range-based for loop introduced in C++ 11 is a version of for loop that is able to iterate over a range. This range can be anything that is iteratable, such as arrays, strings and STL containers. It provides a more readable and concise syntax compared to traditional for loops.Let's take 3 min read C++ While LoopIn C++, the while loop is an entry-controlled loop that repeatedly executes a block of code as long as the given condition remains true. Unlike the for loop, while loop is used in situations where we do not know the exact number of iterations of the loop beforehand as the loop execution is terminate 3 min read C++ do while LoopIn C++, the do-while loop is an exit-controlled loop that repeatedly executes a block of code at least once and continues executing as long as a given condition remains true. Unlike the while loop, the do-while loop guarantees that the loop body will execute at least once, regardless of whether the 4 min read C++ FunctionsFunctions in C++A Function is a reusable block of code designed to perform a specific task. It helps break large programs into smaller, logical parts. Functions make code cleaner, easier to understand, and more maintainable.Just like in other languages, C++ functions can take inputs (called parameters), execute a b 8 min read return Statement in C++In C++, the return statement returns the flow of the execution to the function from where it is called. This statement does not mandatorily need any conditional statements. As soon as the statement is executed, the flow of the program stops immediately and returns the control from where it was calle 4 min read Parameter Passing Techniques in CIn C, passing values to a function means providing data to the function when it is called so that the function can use or manipulate that data. Here:Formal Parameters: Variables used in parameter list in a function declaration/definition as placeholders. Also called only parameters.Actual Parameters 3 min read Difference Between Call by Value and Call by Reference in CFunctions can be invoked in two ways: Call by Value or Call by Reference. These two ways are generally differentiated by the type of values passed to them as parameters.The following table lists the differences between the call-by-value and call-by-reference methods of parameter passing.Call By Valu 4 min read Default Arguments in C++A default argument is a value provided for a parameter in a function declaration that is automatically assigned by the compiler if no value is provided for those parameters in function call. If the value is passed for it, the default value is overwritten by the passed value.Example:C++#include <i 5 min read Inline Functions in C++In C++, inline functions provide a way to optimize the performance of the program by reducing the overhead related to a function call. When a function is specified as inline the whole code of the inline function is inserted or substituted at the point of its call during the compilation instead of us 6 min read Lambda Expression in C++C++ 11 introduced lambda expressions to allow inline functions which can be used for short snippets of code that are not going to be reused. Therefore, they do not require a name. They are mostly used in STL algorithms as callback functions.Example:C++#include <iostream> using namespace std; i 4 min read C++ Pointers and ReferencesPointers and References in C++In C++ pointers and references both are mechanisms used to deal with memory, memory address, and data in a program. Pointers are used to store the memory address of another variable whereas references are used to create an alias for an already existing variable. Pointers in C++ Pointers in C++ are a 5 min read C++ PointersA pointer is a special variable that holds the memory address of another variable, rather than storing a direct value itself. Pointers allow programs to access and manipulate data in memory efficiently, making them a key feature for system-level programming and dynamic memory management. When we acc 8 min read Dangling, Void , Null and Wild Pointers in CIn C programming pointers are used to manipulate memory addresses, to store the address of some variable or memory location. But certain situations and characteristics related to pointers become challenging in terms of memory safety and program behavior these include Dangling (when pointing to deall 6 min read Applications of Pointers in CPointers in C are variables that are used to store the memory address of another variable. Pointers allow us to efficiently manage the memory and hence optimize our program. In this article, we will discuss some of the major applications of pointers in C. Prerequisite: Pointers in C. C Pointers Appl 4 min read Understanding nullptr in C++Consider the following C++ program that shows problem with NULL (need of nullptr) CPP // C++ program to demonstrate problem with NULL #include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; // function with integer argument void fun(int N) { cout << "fun(int)"; return;} // Overloaded fun 3 min read References in C++In C++, a reference works as an alias for an existing variable, providing an alternative name for it and allowing you to work with the original data directly.Example:C++#include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { int x = 10; // ref is a reference to x. int& ref = x; // printing v 5 min read Can References Refer to Invalid Location in C++?Reference Variables: You can create a second name for a variable in C++, which you can use to read or edit the original data contained in that variable. While this may not sound appealing at first, declaring a reference and assigning it a variable allows you to treat the reference as if it were the 2 min read Pointers vs References in C++Prerequisite: Pointers, References C and C++ support pointers, which is different from most other programming languages such as Java, Python, Ruby, Perl and PHP as they only support references. But interestingly, C++, along with pointers, also supports references. On the surface, both references and 5 min read Passing By Pointer vs Passing By Reference in C++In C++, we can pass parameters to a function either by pointers or by reference. In both cases, we get the same result. So, what is the difference between Passing by Pointer and Passing by Reference in C++?Let's first understand what Passing by Pointer and Passing by Reference in C++ mean:Passing by 5 min read When do we pass arguments by pointer?In C, the pass-by pointer method allows users to pass the address of an argument to the function instead of the actual value. This allows programmers to change the actual data from the function and also improve the performance of the program. In C, variables are passed by pointer in the following ca 5 min read Like