C# System Level Exception vs Application Level Exception Last Updated : 25 Jan, 2025 Comments Improve Suggest changes Like Article Like Report In C#, exceptions are categorized into two main types based on their origin and usage, which are System-level exceptions and Application-level exceptions. Understanding the difference between these two helps in managing exceptions properly and choosing the right exception-handling approach.System Level Exception vs Application Level ExceptionFeatureSystem Level Exception Application Level Exception OriginThis is generated by the CLR or system environment.This is defined and thrown by the application code.ExamplesNullReferenceException, OutOfMemoryException, etc.FileNotFoundException, InvalidUserInputException, etc.RecoverabilityThis is difficult or impossible to recover from.Sometimes it is recoverable and handled by the application logic.HandlingThis is not caught unless performing cleanup before termination.Caught in try-catch blocks, and appropriate corrective action is taken.PurposeIt indicates serious issues with the runtime environment.It handles business logic errors or invalid input within the application.System-Level vs Application-Level Exception Hierarchy in C# System-Level ExceptionsSystem-level exceptions are errors that occur due to issues with the system environment, such as problems with the runtime environment or hardware-related failures. These exceptions are generated by the .NET runtime (CLR) and are often not recoverable by the application.Key Characteristics:Origin: These are generated by the Common Language Runtime (CLR) during program execution.Examples:DivideByZeroException: This occurs when there is an attempt to divide a number by zero.NullReferenceException: This occurs when an object reference is null but is being accessed.OutOfMemoryException: This occurs when the system runs out of memory.StackOverflowException: This is caused by excessive recursion that fills the call stack.IndexOutOfRangeException: This occurs when trying to access an invalid index in an array or collection.Recovery: These exceptions usually represent system-related failures that are difficult or impossible to recover from. They sometimes lead to program termination.Handling: It is generally not recommended to catch these exceptions unless you are trying to log or perform cleanup before exiting the program.Application-Level ExceptionsApplication-level exceptions, also known as custom exceptions, are errors that occurs from logical issues in the application code. These exceptions are defined by the application developer to handle specific business logic errors or invalid inputs.Key Characteristics:Origin: These are created by the developer to handle specific application logic failures or expected error conditions.Examples:FileNotFoundException: This can occur if the application tries to access a file that doesn't exist.InvalidUserInputException: A custom exception thrown when the user enters invalid data.PaymentProcessingException: A custom exception thrown in an e-commerce application when there is an issue with payment processing.Recovery: These exceptions are often recoverable and can be handled by the application logic. For example, we may ask the user to correct input or retry an operation.Handling: Application-level exceptions are sometimes caught and managed by using try-catch blocks, and proper recovery or corrective actions can be taken. Comment More infoAdvertise with us M ManasiKirloskar Follow Improve Article Tags : Difference Between C# CSharp-Exception Similar Reads IntroductionC# TutorialC# (pronounced "C-sharp") is a modern, versatile, object-oriented programming language developed by Microsoft in 2000 that runs on the .NET Framework. Whether you're creating Windows applications, diving into Unity game development, or working on enterprise solutions, C# is one of the top choices fo 4 min read Introduction to .NET FrameworkThe .NET Framework is a software development framework developed by Microsoft that provides a runtime environment and a set of libraries and tools for building and running applications on Windows operating systems. The .NET framework is primarily used on Windows, while .NET Core (which evolved into 6 min read C# .NET Framework (Basic Architecture and Component Stack)C# (C-Sharp) is a modern, object-oriented programming language developed by Microsoft in 2000. It is a part of the .NET ecosystem and is widely used for building desktop, web, mobile, cloud, and enterprise applications. This is originally tied to the .NET Framework, C# has evolved to be the primary 6 min read C# Hello WorldThe Hello World Program is the most basic program when we dive into a new programming language. This simply prints "Hello World!" on the console. In C#, a basic program consists of the following:A Namespace DeclarationClass Declaration & DefinitionClass Members(like variables, methods, etc.)Main 4 min read Common Language Runtime (CLR) in C#The Common Language Runtime (CLR) is a component of the Microsoft .NET Framework that manages the execution of .NET applications. It is responsible for loading and executing the code written in various .NET programming languages, including C#, VB.NET, F#, and others.When a C# program is compiled, th 4 min read FundamentalsC# IdentifiersIn programming languages, identifiers are used for identification purposes. Or in other words, identifiers are the user-defined name of the program components. In C#, an identifier can be a class name, method name, variable name, or label. Example: public class GFG { static public void Main () { int 2 min read C# Data TypesData types specify the type of data that a valid C# variable can hold. C# is a strongly typed programming language because in C# each type of data (such as integer, character, float, and so forth) is predefined as part of the programming language and all constants or variables defined for a given pr 7 min read C# VariablesIn C#, variables are containers used to store data values during program execution. So basically, a Variable is a placeholder of the information which can be changed at runtime. And variables allows to Retrieve and Manipulate the stored information. In Brief Defination: When a user enters a new valu 4 min read C# LiteralsIn C#, a literal is a fixed value used in a program. These values are directly written into the code and can be used by variables. A literal can be an integer, floating-point number, string, character, boolean, or even null. Example:// Here 100 is a constant/literal.int x = 100; Types of Literals in 5 min read C# OperatorsIn C#, Operators are special types of symbols which perform operations on variables or values. It is a fundamental part of language which plays an important role in performing different mathematical operations. It takes one or more operands and performs operations to produce a result.Types of Operat 7 min read C# KeywordsKeywords or Reserved words are the words in a language that are used for some internal process or represent some predefined actions. These words are therefore not allowed to be used as variable names or objects. Doing this will result in a compile-time error.Example:C#// C# Program to illustrate the 5 min read Control StatementsC# Decision Making (if, if-else, if-else-if ladder, nested if, switch, nested switch)Decision Making in programming is similar to decision making in real life. In programming too, a certain block of code needs to be executed when some condition is fulfilled. A programming language uses control statements to control the flow of execution of program based on certain conditions. These 5 min read C# Switch StatementIn C#, Switch statement is a multiway branch statement. It provides an efficient way to transfer the execution to different parts of a code based on the value of the expression. The switch expression is of integer type such as int, char, byte, or short, or of an enumeration type, or of string type. 4 min read C# LoopsLooping in a programming language is a way to execute a statement or a set of statements multiple times, depending on the result of the condition to be evaluated to execute statements. The result condition should be true to execute statements within loops.Types of Loops in C#Loops are mainly divided 4 min read C# Jump Statements (Break, Continue, Goto, Return and Throw)In C#, Jump statements are used to transfer control from one point to another point in the program due to some specified code while executing the program. In, this article, we will learn to different jump statements available to work in C#.Types of Jump StatementsThere are mainly five keywords in th 4 min read OOP ConceptsC# Class and ObjectsClass and Object are the basic concepts of Object-Oriented Programming which revolve around real-life entities. 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It can store elements starting from 0 to 8 and can st 7 min read C# ValueTuple StructValueTuple Struct in C# is a structure that provides static methods that are used in creating value tuples. It is defined under the System namespace and was introduced in .NET Framework 4.7. This struct enables runtime implementation tuples in C#. The ValueTuple structure represents a tuple that can 4 min read IndexersC# IndexersIn C#, an indexer allows an instance of a class or struct to be indexed as an array. When an indexer is defined for a class, then that class will behave like a virtual array. Array access operator i.e. ([ ]) is used to access the instance of the class which uses an indexer. A user can retrieve or se 4 min read C# Multidimensional IndexersIn C#, indexers are special members that allow objects to be indexed similarly to arrays. Multi-dimensional indexers in C# are the same as multidimensional arrays. 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