SVL revealed moderate edema and severe erythema of the arytenoids, and erythema and edema of the true vocal folds with increased vascularity (figure 2, A).
SVL revealed edema of the true vocal folds and erythema of the larynx.
The patient and his parents were counseled regarding endoscopic true vocal fold resuspension.
Two weeks postoperatively, the botulinum effect manifested as paresis of the left true vocal fold, but glottic closure was complete.
Hypertrophy of the true vocal folds was indicated in 2 (0.9%) patients having previously normal vocal folds.
Edema of the true vocal folds remained in 5 (2.3%) children; swelling of the overfold space of larynx remained in 4 (1.9%); bilateral hypertrophy of the true vocal folds was indicated in 6 (2.8%) patients; the true vocal folds nodules--in 7 (3.3%); and mismatch of folds when closing--in 2 (0.9%).
The supraglottis includes the area above the
true vocal folds from the epiglottis to the ventricle.
* MTP IV: the presence of a sphincter-like closure of the supraglottis with no visualization of the
true vocal folds. (4)
The false vocal folds and ventricular space are affected most commonly, followed by the true vocal folds. Amyloid collects beneath the surface layer of epithelial cells and elicits a chronic inflammatory response comprised of lymphocytes and plasma cells.
(16) With significant false vocal fold involvement, the true vocal folds can be partially or completely obscured.
Neoplasms (by site): 25 parotid; 12 submandibular gland; 25 cervical soft tissue; 77 cervical lymph nodes; 54 facial, neck, scalp skin/soft tissue; 2 facial nerve; 47 thyroid; 12 parathyroid; 58 external ear; 145 external ear canal; 20 nasal skin; 16 lips; 14 tongue; 13 floor of mouth; 125 tonsils; 21 nasopharynx; 25 oral cavity; 15 oropharynx; 12 hypopharynx; 28 oro-/hypopharynx (combined); 46 larynx (including GERD if general); and 12 true vocal folds.
Upper aerodigestive encounters (by site or disease): 16 lips; 15 oral cavity; 5 dysgeusia/ageusia; 14 tongue; 13 floor of mouth; 11 dentition/gums; 125 tonsils; 129 adenoids; 21 nasopharynx; 15 oropharynx; 12 hypopharynx; 28 oro-/hypopharynx combined; 46 larynx (including GERD); 12 true vocal folds; 12 dysphonia (sole symptom); 8 false vocal folds; 1 subglottic trachea; 26 esophageal introitis (including GERD); and 8 dysphagia (sole symptom).
Gillyanne Kayes writes, "If you make a rasping sound or feel something scratch in the larynx, you have either constricted the false folds or have pushed with the
true vocal folds."23 Kayes defines this constricted, pushed vocal activity as "pressed phonation."24 Pressed phonation is often used by the vocalist to express intensity and high energy.
The view of the
true vocal folds was limited, but their movement was noted to be symmetric and hypomobile.
Intraoperatively, the web was 4 mm thick, and it had originated 17 mm above the
true vocal folds. The lumen of the web was dilated from 14 to 32 Fr with esophageal bougies, then C[O.sub.2] laser microlaryngoscopy was used to excise the web from the right side only.
