Vagabonds In Power: Volume One

Copyright © 2024 by SIR DR. JOLLY CHI NWAGBO

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VAGABONDS IN POWER: VOLUME ONE/SIR DR. JOLLY CHI NWAGBO

Paperback: 978-1-962859-92-9

eBook: 978-1-962859-81-3

Table of Contents

PART 1

EXTRACTS FROM THE BOOK

PREFACE

CORRUPTION

CORRUPTION: The Greatest Racial Challenge

Nigeria as a case study

Corruption is the new norm

Corruption here to stay?

Where are our values?

Say No to Corruption

Heavyweight Corruption Involving The Fulani Never Gets Serious Attention in Nigeria

Is China the Neo-Colonial Power in Africa?

China Uses Corrupt Leaders of Economically Weak Countries to Make Inroads into those Nations

A Virus Originating from China Exposes Blatant Racism in America

TAKE OVER OF BRITAIN-WHO TO BLAME?

Africa and the World What Africa Need is an Organized Diaspora

What Nelson Mandela Said to Nigerians in 2007?

Ademuyiwa Afeez Adefioye

Nigeria is Bleeding

What Happened at Lekki Toll Gate

FINGERS POINTED AT TINUBU

CHAIN OF COMMAND

WHAT WILL THE LEKKI MASSACRE CHANGE?

IS THIS A TURNING POINT FOR NIGERIA’S POLITICS?

ACTION OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT AGAINST THE BAN-SARS AGITATORS

Buba Galadima. Buhari’s Regime Revolution

THESE ARE PART OF THE #EndSARS PROTEST REQUESTED BY THE YOUTHS

Genocidewatch

The Racist Belin Conference of 1885 and Africa 101

The Obedience in Nigeria

Did Bola Tinubu Win Abuja?

Bola Tinubu

Expediting Judgment by the Court in Nigeria

The Outcome of the Court in Nigeria

After Retirement I Will Relocate to Niger Republic

Protest in Nigeria Among the People

Change is Now or Never

An Advice from a Yoruba Lawyer to Bola Tinubu and the Yorubas

Nigeria has failed Africa — Obasanjo

Sit at Home is the Only Hope for the Existence of Biafra

Nigerian Masses and their Gullibility, Bola Tinubu Has Pocketed the Yorubas Including their Obas

Senate President Election and Nigeria’s Hypocritical Religious Identity Politics

From Our Biafran Defense Minister—Criteria to be a Nation

These Were Biafran Children During the War 50 Years Ago—What do you make of them today?

The Biafran Spirit

EXCLUSIVEMON INTERVIEW WITH SIMON EKPA: "I HAVE NO HAND IN SOUTHEAST MAYHEM"

Are you comfortable with the way you are going about it?

Sit-at-Home: Why Simon Ekpa was arrested, released by Finnish Police

I HAVE NO HAND IN SOUTHEAST MAYHEM—SIMON EKPA

Are you comfortable with the way you are going about it?

Sit-at-Home: Why Simon Ekpa was arrested, released by Finnish Police

Are you comfortable with your modus operandi?

Or do you know a better way?

Who are the people doing it?

Asari Dokubo

Constitutional Amendment on Referendum Under a Nonentity by Name President Buhari

False Amalgamation

Only 6 Nigerians Signed the Amalgamation Document in 1914, namely:

Who is Usman Dan Fodio?

The Bitter Truth About the Igbos

Trouble in the North

Not mere traders

Suspicion

Igbo firsts

At gun point

Give the Igbos a Chance or Else? By a Northerner from Kano State

Disappointment of Ohaneze of Igbo People

Emefeile Rearrested by the DSS Services After the Court Granted Him Bail

The Oldest Democracy in the World is the Democracy of the Igbos Told by a White Man

From Brother Paul Ochigbo to Professor Mohhamed of INEC

Ambassador Catherina Lane of Britain

Biafrans Should Emulate The Jews Jerusalem

Nigerian Election of 2023

Governorship Election in Nigeria

Reaction to the INEC 2023 Election Saga in Nigeria

Now That INEC Chairman, Mamoud Yakubu, Has Done His Worst

How INEC Rigged the 2023 Presidential Election

Need of one another

A Drug Baron Became Nigerian Next President

Nigerians, Behold Your President Who Advice That You Should Eat Corn Trice A Day

In Nigeria

NADECO in the USA Reaction to the 2023 Election

Who is Bola Tinubu?

Bola Tinubu Rejection by the People of Nigeria

Bola Tinubu—It’s Too Early to Praise Him

Nigeria is the Only Nation Where Yesterday is Better Than Today

Igbos Are Great People

Diplomatic Relationship and Agreement

A Prognostic Analysis of Trending Islamization of Nigeria

Mis-Governance in African Leaders

Whiteophobia

Message to my Igbo Brothers and Sisters

To My Igbo Brothers and Sisters Again

The Igbos In River’s State

President Macron of France Apologies to African French

The Coloration of the Nigerian Naira—Emefuiele

Nigerian government to launch re-designed Naira notes by December 2022

EkWREMADUS’ JUDGEMENT IN LONDON

Organ trafficking: UK court sentences Ekweremadu to 10 years’ imprisonment

Asari Dokubo

The Enemy is Not Outside—It is within

Two Weeks Sit at Home by Prime Minister of Biafra, Simon Ekpa

What has the Igbos Done To You?

Aisha Buhar in Support of Nnamdi Kanu

Why We Are Where We Are Today

Judicial Corruption

White Americans Are Having An Identity Crisis

Nigeria

This Is A Message To Democrats—The Leadership

I AM AMAZED WITH THE WORLD POWERS OF TODAY

How China’s Incompetence-Endangered The World

How France Looted It’s Former Colonies

West Africa, Afghanistan; Meme Combat?

Breathtaking Incompetence:

Racism in America Before Today

What if the scramble for Africa never took place?

Patrick Lumumba

The Diabolical Mindset of the Hypocritical Whites

Race Structure in America

White Supremacy and Terrorism in America

The Old Corruption (Britain’s Slave Trade)

Victims of Racial Profiling in the United States of America:

What a Cardiothoracic Surgeon Sees When He Sees George Floyd

Retired M.I.S Agent Confesses On His Death Bed: I Killed Princess Diana

DIANA LASTWORDS WITH PAUL BURRELL HIS BODYGUARD FOR ELEVEN YEARS

There Is a New Cold War on the Horizon

Do You Know Obama Used His Opportunity As U.S. President To War Against Christianity?

Obama And His Administration

The Black Man

Mighty Word That Is Judging the Whole World

Anaemic National Corruption

Nigeria: The Origin of Her Disgrace

When A Sick Nation Begets Sick Rulers

Tolerance By Nerudeen Lemu Malike—A Muslim

Tears For Our Beloved Country In Search Of Destiny

An Ijaw Grandpa Narrates How British Poisoned The Minds of Nigerians To Hate Igbos

Fulanis Have Declared War Against Indigenous Nigerians

Forty Fulani Facts Most Nigerians Do Not Know

Northern Elders Forum Passes Vote of No Confidence in Buhari On February 10, 2020

The Political Economy of Kleptocracy in Nigeria

Nigeria Is at A Brink Of Collapse

ARE WE DREAMING?

Nigeria And The Leadership Challenge

THE ARROGANCE OF THE POLITICAL ELITE

WHY NIGERIA REMAINS BACKWARD

1. Too Many Checkpoints

2. YOUR TURN TO EAT

3. TOO MUCH POLITICKING

4. INCOMPETENCE

5. CRIME, NO PUNISHMENT

6. PENSION PAIN

7. 13% VS 50%

BOKO HARAM INFILTRATING THE NIGERIAN ARMY- A DANGEROUS TREND

MAFIA RULES

EFCC: FIGHTING CORRUPTION OR FREEING THE CORRUPT?

ABUSE OF POWERS

RELIGION, CORRUPTION AND BLOOD MONEY

NIGERIAN LEADERS AS RAPISTS

PRESIDENT VIADIMIR V. PUTIN THE DICTATOR

UKRAINIAN BISHOP: PUTIN IS THE ‘ANTI-CHRIST OF OUR CURRENT TIME’

Russia Vs Ukraine and NATO:

The one Russian technology that has yet to prove itself in combat

VLADIMIR PUTIN’S CRIMINAL PLAN TO PURGE AND PARTITION UKRAINE

THE CONSEQUENCES OF RUSSIA’S WAR ON ENERGY SECURITY

HAS VLADIMIR PUTIN ALWAYS BEEN CORRUPT? AND DOES IT MATTER?

MUTINY SHOWS DAMAGE PUTIN HAS DONE TO RUSSIA, CIA DIRECTOR SAYS

CIA RECRUITMENT

PUTIN HELD POST-MUTINY TALKS WITH WAGNER

THE COUP IS OVER BUT PUTIN IS IN TROUBLE

Are you sure he is happy?

PUTIN TO AFRICAN LEADERS

AFRICAN STUDENTS FLEEING UKRAINE REPORT RACIAL DISCRIMINATION AT BORDERS

THE CYNICAL ATITUDE OF THE WEST

THE U.S. CANNOT DIVORCE ITSELF FROM PUTIN INVATION OF UKRAINE

WAKE-UP CHURCHES IN AFRICA BEFORE IT’S TOO LATE

BORIS JOHNSON DEFENDS RWANDA DEPORTATION POLICY

RWANDA HITS BACK AT BRITAIN

AFRICAN NATIONS, U.S. DECRY RACISM AGAINST BLACKS IN CHINA

NIGERIAN LAWMAKERS DEMAND REPATRIATION OF CHINESE IN AFRICA

AND ANOTHER COLONIZATION

AFRICA-FRANCE-RELATIONSHIP STILL COLONIAL SLAVERY

16 REAL REASONS WHY COL. GADDAFI WAS KILLED:

AN ADVICE FROM AN UROBO AND A YORUBA MAN

LISTIN TO GOVERNOR OTOM OF BENUE STATE

THE MEDIA IN NIGERIA

ON SECURITY IN THE LAND OF BIAFRA

CORRUPT AND CORRUPTED JUDICIARY IN NIGERIA

PEER GROUP PRESSURE, BEDROCK OF CORRUPT PRACTICES IN NIGERIA

BREAKING NEWS

WORLD WAR THREE ON

THE LONG, STRANGE HISTORY OF BILL GATES POPULATION CONTROL

KEY FINDINGS

A New War over Birth Control in Africa

KEY FINDINGS

HERE’S THE BONKERS CONSPIRACY THEORY BLAMING 5G FOR THE CORONAVIRUS

What is 5G?

WHAT WE THINK MATTERS

What is the 5G-COVID-19 conspiracy?

THE EVIDENCE OF CHINA’S DELIBERATE COVER-UP OF THE CORONA VIRUS

CORONA HAS ITS ADVANTAGES

DO NIGERIANS STILL HAVE A PRESIDENT?

3RD WORLD WAR JUST AHEAD!

NIGERIA: A TIME BOMB WAITING TO EXPLODE

A DECEPTIVE COUNTRY CALL NIGERIA

EXTRACTS FROM THE BOOK

• China invented the corona virus to reduce the population; now everyone is inside having sex ...they will soon see the real population.

• Biafra restoration is the only solution to end the shenanigans of oppressive leadership in Nigeria.

• The bonkers conspiracy theory blaming 5g for the corona virus

• The Biafra genocide didn’t end in 1970, it continued with the burning of Izon communities till today, 2020

• Bandits were created by gen Mohammadu Buhari (rtd) to oust Jonathan bandits are not Boko haram nor herdsmen.

• New World Bank rating says that 87% Nigerians are in extreme poverty, and 87% of these people living in poverty are in the northern part of Nigeria.

• Nigeria is now the third most terrorist nation in the world.

• Members of President Muhummedu Buhari show that governance has been handed over to looters.

• Nigerian leaders (opportunist) are the national destroyers. Why looting our money abroad?

• Nigeria is the only place where a snake swallowed thirty-six million naira spiritually without any detection and where a monkey chewed seventy million naira.

• We don’t have thinkers as Nigerian leaders but those whose interest and focus is on the national cake, and they are accomplices of Lucifer.

• …a band of misguided leaders whose favourite pastime is to plunder our collective patrimony year after year, it is the same old brigade of failed leaders.

• All these so called elder statesmen are the people that are destroying Nigeria and looting our properties left, right and centre.

• These leaders have never been sincere with the Nigerian people. They are very greedy, selfish and without conscience. They have ended up mystifying leadership. We tolerate evil deeds and it has poisoned the whole system, even the child in the womb.

• The Nigerian maiden of Justice Sees the beauty of raw cash and smells the aroma of newly minted dollar bliss hence all the cries for judicial reform remain unheeded.

• Corrupt Judges are not better than armed robbers, murderers and other serious criminals. They are a disgrace to humanity.

• At independence, Nigeria was at the same level of development as the so-called Asian Tigers: Taiwan, Singapore, South Korea, Malaysia, etc. In fact, we were boys while they were mere toddlers. 60years later, we have regressed to the toddler status, while they have blossomed into full grown men.

• We the Nigerians are bleeding from all points: bunkers, importers, exporters, explorers, government officials, pastors, etc.

• The herdsmen attitude in Nigeria might lead to the disintegration of this country Nigeria.

• Go and fight the snakes in your country that are eating up your money and stop telling us that you want to help fighting corruption in our country Ghana.

• Nigeria is a veritable zoo, a social jungle where might determine right.

• General Gowon- Nigeria is owned by the Ndigbo, Middle Belt and the Yorubas, but invaders are now in charge...

• Woe to you Buhari, your hypocrite, when you die, you should be looking forward to having seven virgins in hell not in heaven.

• Why President Buhari of Nigeria should stepdown, he and his Cabal are all thieves. They are using Nigeria to borrow billions of U.S dollars outside the world, knowing full well that they cannot pay back.

PREFACE

Vagabonds in Power, written by Sir Dr. Jolly Chi Don. Nwagbo (K.C.) is a summary of the ills of a nation plagued with poor leadership, corruption and greed. The author in the various chapters of the book exhibited a thorough and well researched revelation of a nation blessed with the best climate, abundant human and natural resources but in spite of God’s abundant blessings, the population is so impoverished to the point that most of its citizens live below subsistence level. A nation ranked as an oil giant yet the gains are circulating in the hands of a few who have successfully ensured they circulate themselves in the corridors of power, thus holding the nation to ransom to the determent of the citizenry. I praise the author for his courage and time in putting this book together. A nation at 60 is lacking adequate power, portable water and infrastructure needed for development. I see this as a reference book and good material for general knowledge to all who care to read it. I recommend the book as a MUST read for all who want to contribute towards building a new Nigeria.

—By Frank A. Odita, (fnipr, mnim). Commissioner of Police (rtd)

CORRUPTION

Corruption is a vile disease that socks and drains the hell out of something good. Corruption in society is an evil moral infection that keeps community in a state of perpetual sickness. Corruption is a moral virus. It’s so potent, at least it hosts sick lethargic and unable to realize and accomplish all that are well upon us again. Where corruption thrives, poverty and not prosperity thrives. Well, is grabbed into the greedy grubby hands of those who get fat on the toil of labour of good people. Corruption benefits only temporally those who participate in it. Everyone else is a victim of the theft, the deceit, the disunity and lies that corruption feeds on. You need to know that a corrupt person is stealing from you. Corruption is a filthy work and despicable act of treasurer done under the table and behind closed doors. Corruption is a disgusting shame. Corruption keeps a nation back from true development and from progress. Wise investors stay clear of a corrupt environment. They will rather put their resources in to a place where a plain field of opportunity is equal for all and not bent towards feeding the financial loss of corrupt lying cheating feeding politicians and government officials. How many wonderful development projects have been lost because the investors did not want to do business in a swamp of evil? When those great projects get to other nations, or to some other place, we all lose. Believe me when I tell you, that corruption steals from you, it steals from all of us. Corruption plunders the nation’s wealth.

Corrupt people compromise on truth, equity and fairness choosing instead to feed off the short-term benefit of crookedness, exploitation and financial perversion. Corruption is not just a personal matter, it’s a culture, and it’s a way of life not just for individual people but for companies, communities, governments and nations. Corrupt nations hiding behind large companies will seek to invest in other wick nations in other to take over the assets of the nations that they have invested into. They will provide financial loans to a nation for the much-needed infrastructure, and they will do it with the assets that they provide, they will sign contracts by lining the pockets of rotting government officials, who participated in this kind of corruption and then held hostage by their wrong deceit and greed. Corruption is nothing less than a form of theft and national rubbery. A corrupt person steals from everyone in the society. We all lose when corruption is rampant. Those who participate in corruption have chosen evil over good, lies over truth and personal gain over wellbeing of all.

To be corrupt means to be rotten, when meat is corrupt, it is rotten, and it stinks. Rotten meat cannot be eaten. When a person is rotten, he is unfit to be replaced in the community. A corrupt person should be jailed in order to protect society from the file deed of a corrupt person. Government should be protecting us from the file result of corruption instead of being the proponent and participant in corruption. When corruption is systemic and a culture, and a way of live and when corruption thrives, it destroys the health of the community and the nation. Defeating corruption is a difficult thing. The love of money is the root of all evils. People who love money will do everything to get it. Those who chose to stand against corruption should be ready for war. They will be threatened, vilified, intimidated, marginalized and ridiculed. This kind of people who stand up against corruption will often fill alone as if they are the problem. Corruption can only be defeated if enough people have hard enough and decide to do something about it.

Africa needs to raise up a new generation of corrupt free young people who together and with support of one another, build a beautiful new corrupt free Africa. We need a new generation of young people to fill the places of leadership to think differently and are motivated not by greed but a genie sense of servant hood to the people of our community. The church exists to call the nation back to righteousness. We are here to lift the standard of good that God requires for prosperity and health to flourish across the land. The bible says, ‘woe to those who acquit the guilty for a bribe but deny justice to the innocent" Therefore, there is tongs of fire leak up straw and as dry grass sits down in the planes so their roots will decay and their flowers blow away like dust for they have rejected the law of the Lord Almighty.

We have to be reminded from time to time, that God has created everything, therefor he owns everything. He is the final authority over everything and he has the right to determine how everything is to be managed or to be used. We own nothing and we only manage on God’s behalf. We need to be reminded that God the righteous judge, requires every one of us to stand before him to give an account for what we did with his property. With the positions and the people that he entrusted into our hands. God, the righteous judge will not allow the corrupt to dominate the poor by their evil and corrupt ways. Young Ugandans, you who hold the future of this nation in your hands, the most important message that I can give you today in this anti-corruption week is this. Never pay a bribe and never demand one. The way to kill corruption is for us to say no.

—Lecture

FORWARD

CORRUPTION: The Greatest Racial Challenge

It’s time we spoke about the greatest epidemic of our time. No I’m not talking about Ebola. I mean Corruption. Former President of the United States of America (USA), Joe Biden said, Corruption is a cancer; a cancer that eats away at a citizen’s faith in democracy, diminishes the instinct for innovation and creativity; already-tight national budget, crowding out important national investment. It wastes the talent of entire generations. It scares away investments and jobs. Its spread is rapidly growing. We look left and right and see either in ugly black form or dressed up in pretty pink is corruption. From the roadside seller inflating price unreasonably to the police man demanding for bribe from the unlucky driver to the Public officer declaring no money yet the purchase of the latest car. Corruption is simply the use of public office for private advantage. Government officials with their greedy eyes exploit government revenue and taxes hardly educated citizens are forced to pay in hopes of a greater future. The politicians make promises of a prosperous future just to be voted in while the poor work hard in quest for survival. After being voted into power the roads remain the same, schools are being mismanaged and the late or non-payment of civil servants’ tradition continues. New policies favoring public officers are formulated and the voice of the helpless mass is continually drowned. Cases of misappropriation of funds, no justice, demanding of bribes from defenseless citizens; these stories are endless.

Nigeria as a case study

I’m from Nigeria, a country situated in West Africa. Nigeria has the largest economy in Africa but has been ranked high in corruption by Transparency International (TI). My motherland filled with diversity, bursting with culture and overflowing with natural resources is also a pitiful nation ruled by corruption. It is no news that corruption is a pressing issue in Nigeria. It is a potent cancer that has mercilessly eaten Nigeria to a state of stupor (Professor Peter Nwangwu). Research shows that corruption in Nigeria could cost up to 37% of GDP by 2030. It isn’t only present in government but in literally every sector of society. To further buttress my point; Corruption is dishonest or illegal behavior especially by powerful people. In other words, anyone is capable of corruption. Political corruption has led not only to depletion of national wealth, retarded growth, imbalanced economic development, abandoned welfare projects and infrastructure, misallocation of resources and the continuous suffering of the poor but has also brought about a new culture.

Corruption is the new norm

A Nigerian goes to an international airport in a foreign country, and he is thoroughly searched as a result of the stereotypes that have arisen due to how deeply corruption has been rooted in the country. When the legal arm fails to catch up with corrupt public officers, the practice finds its way into the private sector and eventually the entire society. It’s suffocating to see public officers getting away with their crimes. The very legislature which makes laws against corruption is found to be guilty of these crimes. The judiciary saddled with the responsibility of protecting the human rights of citizens and punishing offenders ends up taking bribes and so justice is an infeasible term. Government workers are not paid on time or at all. They go to work with zero zeal, having inadequate income for survival. So, what do you think happens when they get a chance to make money to support their families even if it is illegal?

Corruption has now set in. Bribes are being demanded at the slightest opportunity notwithstanding the cost- infringement of another citizen’s right, a person’s life, the suffering of the poor etc. The victims are now the offenders. And soon enough all the victims engage in corruption. The disease is spreading. People accept it. What other way is there anyway? People no longer see the point of integrity. Corruption has become accepted as a way of life. No one wants to resist a culture from which they have benefitted from, and people are weary of protesting against it when no change arises. After all, if you can’t beat ‘them, join ‘them. When drivers break the law and are apprehended by police officers, they need not wait to be told. Even without being asked they offer bribes. This disease is very infectious and has spread to every imaginable area. In our educational systems it is present. We have university lecturers who demand payment either in kind or cash in exchange for good grades. Those who are undeserving of passing their exams do so with the help of manipulative methods. It has gradually found its way into sports, business, healthcare etc.

Nigeria is suffering from crisis, disunity, poverty, poor standard of infrastructure and educational systems because of this culture.

Corruption here to stay?

Allegations of corruption are made but this is met with plain denials from the offenders and swept off the table like nothing happened. Corruption has become a part of our everyday lives that most people choose to ignore and focus on other issues. It is upsetting that despite angry reactions and evidence from journalists, citizens and international organizations such as Amnesty International these corrupt practices still go on because the bodies responsible for punishing these crimes are corrupt themselves.

It is surprising to see someone (in power) who is not corrupt. The government in Nigeria set up an agency, The Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) to investigate financial crimes and fight corruption. The EFCC has brought corrupt officials to book but how can we say we are fighting corruption when the former chairman of the EFCC, Ibrahim Lamorde was accused of fraudulently diverting over N1tn proceeds from corruption recovered by the agency. An analysis of the anti-corruption laws in Nigeria shows that corruption will continue to thrive in spite of the law because perpetrators do not fear the consequences. This is the same situation in many other countries where corruption is dominant.

Where are our values?

Mali cuts diplomatic ties with France, abandons French as its official language, orders French troops to leave its territory. Here are highlights from a communique sent out by the spokesperson of the transitional government led by Colonel Assimi Goit

Africa is a continent rich in values. Values once upheld are rapidly being eroded. We have a saying here in Nigeria which in English is translated, ‘Be your brother’s keeper’. In other words, have love, compassion for your fellow man. Let his problem be your problem. But the Africa we see today is filled with corruption for we have ignored these age long values that bonded us as family. Corruption has led to a different meaning of humanity (the qualities that make us human, such as the ability to love and have compassion). Today we embrace sayings such as ‘survival of the fittest’, ‘Every man to himself’ which have encouraged selfishness, greed, dishonesty, lust, overshadowing values such as love, co-operation, honesty, care, transparency etc. We are willing to sacrifice the lives of others just for our silly desires and human cravings. There is no concern for the suffering that could occur as a result of our actions. This is corruption at its best. Corruption is a global issue, being it poor or prosperous, democratic or authoritarian, big or small nation.

Say No to Corruption

Corruption is the greatest ethical challenge in the world today and we need to combat it. We must say no to corruption, face it and fight it! It is corrupt individuals that make corrupt government. So, to fight corruption there is an urgent need for good values to be inculcated in people. Confucius said, The strength of a nation is derived from the integrity of a home. Charity begins at home. It is the duty of parents to teach their wards good values. Campaigns and enlightenment programs should be conducted to stir up the awareness that values are still as important as they were in the past. The failure of some parents to instill good values in their offspring has affected national development. Children need to be properly trained in order for them to say no to corruption when they are of age. In the past, corruption and other crimes were minimal in society because values were instilled. A.P.J Abdul Kalam said, If a country is to be corruption free and become a nation of beautiful minds, I strongly feel there are three societal members who can make a difference. The father, mother and teacher. Prevention is better than cure. Children need to be taught on the negative impact of corruption and made to desist from such behaviors. Citizens need to be empowered by strengthening their demand for anti-corruption and encouraging them to hold government accountable. If we don’t speak up, then these crimes will never end. The most effective way to fight corruption is co-operation among nations. There is a need for us to work together and see it as a global issue. It’s time we learn to be our brother’s keeper.

— By Emmanuella Chisom James

FORWARD

Heavyweight Corruption Involving The Fulani Never Gets Serious Attention in Nigeria

Mrs. Sadiya Umar Farouq, a Fulani woman that is a Minister for Humanitarian Affairs and Social Welfare told Nigerians that she spent #600Billion feeding school kids during the lockdown but it never got this sort of attention that NDDC and Niger Delta Ministry is getting for peanut size Corruption compared to the Mountain of Corruption under this hushmummi. Again, the same woman said her ministry had spent #250Billion for palliatives to all Geopolitical Zones in Nigeria yet nobody can claim that they got a dime from such claims. Now that is #850Billion unaccounted for yet the whole of Nigeria is jolted by NDDC’s #86Billion probe, and you want me to make this issue a priority to mislead the whole of Nigeria that #86 is greater #850???? It’s like jailing Olisa Metu while Dasuki rests at home. Our people say that the sun shines first on those standing before it reaches those kneeling beneath them. When issues which by natural commonsense is supposed to quake Nigeria yet remain silent then know that something has gone amiss and when the one which is far less get mightier attention, then know that something grave is about to go down.

The Fulani and their allies are playing to scrap the NDDC and the Niger Delta Ministry which received less than 1% of total oil and gas revenue combined. They structured the NDDC Act in 2000 to function the way it is functioning by being inefficient to deliver on the development on the development of the Niger Delta Region. They put all Nigerians there as Representatives and supervisors making it a Mini-Nigeria which is corrupt so, tell me how NDDC will work when Nigeria has not worked?? What we need concerning the NDDC and Niger Delta Ministry is reform away from the present structure that encourages corrupt practices same way we’re asking for Nigeria to be restructured and not this senseless public drama to divert the attention of Nigerians and to deceive the world that corruption is being fought.

— Copied

FORWARD

Is China the Neo-Colonial Power in Africa?

China has been successful in making inroads into Africa with reciprocal warm gestures from many African countries. China has remained Africa’s largest trading partner from 2008 onward, while the United States is its second. Even with the widespread accusations that China is a neocolonial power in Africa – in the sense that its economic domination in Africa is increasing at the cost of some African economies and its cultural hegemony too – the political, economic and diplomatic cooperation between African countries and China continues to increase. China wants to move away from its low-end products manufacturing trend to higher-end products. China intends to build up the low-end industrialization capacities in other countries, helping Chinese companies in their attempts to go global as they set up factories in other countries, including those in Africa. Many Africans are opposed to such relocation of Chinese industries into African countries as they fear that the attempts to set up Chinese businesses in Africa might do more harm than benefit to the African economies.

There are allegations that already African workers face ill-treatment and poor pay by Chinese companies and that the influx of workers from China take away local jobs. The criticisms go further, in alleging that African markets are already harmed by low-cost Chinese-made products that put immense competitive pressure on local industries and businesses. Some argue that China’s involvement in Africa benefits primarily the African elites and not the Africans in general.

There are also widespread criticisms about the growing weight of Chinese culture in Africa, particularly in the media industry. Over the last decade, China extended its media presence across all major press and electronic media in Africa. The CCTV News Channel and China Daily are examples of dedicated Africa editions.

Africa hosts a number of Chinese cultural centers and dozens of Confucius Institutes, which focus on the promotion of the Chinese language and culture. Such increasing Chinese media presence in Africa and the Confucius Institutes on the continent have been helping China to establish its cultural hegemony in the continent, negatively impacting the cultures of individual African nations. China’s increasing unfair economic domination on African economy, market and products as well as Chinese cultural hegemony – with its potential to undermine African identify sovereignty and development – make China the neocolonial power in Africa.

—By Ellington Ngandu

FORWARD

China Uses Corrupt Leaders of Economically Weak Countries to Make Inroads into those Nations

Nepal being a case in point, suggests a report in Global Watch Analysis. Enables Chinese companies to not only further their business interests in that country but the Chinese State to surreptitiously penetrate the nation’s polity, with the objective to ensure its long-term influence. The report alleges that Nepal’s Prime Minister KP Sharma Olli’s personal wealth has increased over the years, which he, the leader of Nepal’s Communist Party, has allegedly stashed abroad. It has been reliably learnt that he has an account in the Geneva branch of Mirabaud Bank, located in a nondescript building at Boulevard Georges-Favon," writes Jacquard, adding that the account has USD 5.5 million, invested in long-term deposits and shares, yielding Oil and his wife Radhika Sakya half a million dollars every year.

Jacquard elucidates with examples of corruption charges against Oil in form of business dealings clinched with the help of Chinese. During Oli’s first stint as Nepal’s prime minister in 2015-16, there were reports to suggest that with the assistance of the then Chinese Ambassador to Nepal Wu Chuntai, he had initiated the process to invest in the telecommunication sector in Cambodia. The deal was allegedly finalised by Ang Shering Sherpa a Nepali businessman, who was a close confidante of Oli, and with the intervention of Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen and facilitation by top Chinese diplomat in Phnom Penh, Bo Jiangeo. Similar corruption allegations continued to make their way into Oli’s second term.

Even as he was the Prime Minister, Oli circumvented government’s regulations in order to award projects to Chinese companies. In December 2018, a contract to set up a ‘Digital Action Room’ was given to Chinese telecom company Huawei without a competitive bid despite government-owned Nepal Telecommunication having the expertise to create such facility.

Later investigations indicated that Prime Minister’s Political Adviser Bishnu Rimal’s son had pushed for this deal in return for financial gains, the report alleges. The author also highlights another case of a project being given to Chinese company without any discussion. In May 2019, Nepal Telecommunication signed an agreement with Hong Kong-based China Communication Service for developing radio access network and another with China’s telecom equipment manufacturer ZTE for installing the core 4G network for Nepal Telecommunication. The project is worth around Nepalese Rupees (NR) 19 billion or around Euro 130 million.

In June, student protests broke out in Nepal against Oli’s regime for poor handling of coronavirus pandemic, over alleged corruption in purchase of Chinese-made personnel protective gear, testing equipment, many of which were found to be defective and over-priced. The protestors have demanded that the government come clear on the reported Nepalese Rupees 10 billion, equivalent to approximately Euro 73 million, spent in the fight against the pandemic, states Global Watch Analysis. Two investigations are already underway into accusations of Nepal’s Health Minister and several other senior advisers in Oli’s inner coterie taking bribes for purchase of medical equipment. In such a situation, while "China steadily makes inroads in Nepal, the rampant corruption offers a win-win situation of KP Sharma Oli and his Chines benefactors.

—By Roland Jacquard

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A Virus Originating from China Exposes Blatant Racism in America

Is the US struggles to respond to the coronavirus? Members of the Asian American Commission held a press conference on the steps of the Massachusetts State House on March 12 in Boston to condemn racism toward Asian Americans because of the new coronavirus. John Tlumacki/The Boston Globe via Getty Images. By calling the novel coronavirus the Chinese virus, it attaches an ethnicity to the virus that puts people of Asian descent at risk. The coronavirus had infected more than 244,000 people worldwide, with the global death toll surpassing 10,000. The novel coronavirus first detected late last year in Wuhan, China, is officially called SARS-CoV-2, and it causes a disease known as COVID-19.

Despite the scientific classifications, some people have latched onto a different name for the coronavirus, one with racist implications: Chinese virus. The PBS NewsHour correspondent Yamiche Alcindor asked President Donald Trump — a regular user of the term — whether he thought Chinese virus and the less politically correct term Kung Flu might put Asian Americans at risk for racist attacks. The president said: Not at all. I think they probably would agree with it 100%. It comes from China.

Attaching the virus to an ethnicity, however, has caused people in the US of Asian descent to become targets of racism and xenophobia, with Chinese restaurants temporarily closing because of a decrease in patronage, people being subject to hostile remarks, and, in some extreme cases, some Asians being physically assaulted.

And it’s not just the US where such acts of racism are being reported. An Asian man was assaulted in London as his attackers yelled: I don’t want your coronavirus in my country. The British Chinese filmmaker Lucy Sheen tweeted in February that she was told to go back to China and to take her filth back with her.

A Chinese student in Adelaide, Australia, was attacked simply because he was speaking a different language while walking down the street. Normalizing the association between the coronavirus and those of Asian descent will only cause further divide at a time when fear and distrust already run rampant. The coronavirus initially was largely referred to by the news media as the Wuhan coronavirus, a not-unusual scenario in which a novel virus is colloquially named after its place of origin (though the World Health Organization issued guidelines in 2015 advocating generic names for diseases). But while the coronavirus may have originated in Wuhan, in the Chinese province of Hubei, it has since made its way to more than 160 countries and territories. The coronavirus had infected more than 244,000 people worldwide, with the global death toll surpassing 10,000. It has affected China. It has affected Italy. It has affected Iran, Spain, Germany, the US, and more. The virus is taking enough of a toll on friends, families, and communities — there’s no reason for racism to add to that. Here’s why racism and xenophobia spread with infectious diseases. Trump doubles down on calling coronavirus ‘Chinese virus,’ saying ‘it’s not racist at all.’ ‘They are a very hungry people’: Fox News host fuels racist tropes about Chinese over coronavirus outbreak. Shocking video shows a New York City subway rider spraying an Asian man and yelling at him to move.

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TAKE OVER OF BRITAIN-WHO TO BLAME?

TAKE OVER of Britain who to blame for passively succumbed to the Muslim invasion?

Mayor of London ... MUSLIM

Mayor of Birmingham ... MUSLIM

Mayor of Leeds ... MUSLIM

Mayor of Blackburn ... MUSLIM

Mayor of Sheffield ... MUSLIM

Mayor of Oxford ... MUSLIM

Mayor of Luton ... MUSLIM

Mayor of Oldham ... MUSLIM

Mayor of Rockdale ... MUSLIM.

Over 3,000 Muslim Mosques

Over 130 Muslim Sharia Courts

Over 50 Muslim Sharia Councils

Muslims-Only No-Go Areas Across The UK.

Muslim Women ... 78% don’t work and are on FREE benefits/housing.

Muslim Men ... 63% don’t work and are on FREE benefits/housing.

Muslim Families 6-8 children planning to go on FREE benefits/housing.

Now all UK schools are ONLY serving HALAL MEAT!

All these were achieved by just 4 million Muslims out of the 66 million populations!!!

This is an eye opening for all non-Muslims....

Turkey is in the present-day Europe and partly in Asia.

■ Apostle Paul was a citizen of Turkey because Tarsus exists in Turkey.

■ Christianity existed in Turkey for about 1,023 years while Christianity has only existed in Nigeria and Ghana for 172 years starting from when Rev. Birch Freeman came to Badagry in 1842.

■ The seven churches Jesus spoke to in Revelations 2 & 3 (Ephesus, Smyrna, Pergamum, Thyatira, Sardis, Philadelphia and Laodicea) existed in the old Turkey.

■ Turkey once had the largest Christian auditorium in Europe called Hagia Sophia in Constantinople.

■ Mary the mother of Jesus was taken to Turkey by Apostle John and till date, her room has become a tourist centre.

*TURKEY TODAY*

■ Present day Turkey now has 96% Muslims & 0.02% Christians (less than 130,000).

■ The Hagia Sophia (once largest church in Europe) was taken over by Muslims and converted to a mosque for over 400yrs and later used as an Islamic Museum.

*WHY CHRISTIANITY COLLAPSED IN TURKEY*

■ Emphasis on doctrinal differences weakened the Turkish church.

■ Rivalries amongst denominations.

■ Petty politics in church coupled with ethnic biases.

■ The Turks were building big cathedrals instead of building men.

*HOW IT HAPPENED*

■ Osman Ghazi discovered the disunity amongst Christians and used it to fight a Jihad that led to a mass genocide of the Armenians, the Hellen and Turks of that day. In fact, the weapon of war used was designed by a Turkish Christian.

■ Many Christian women converted to Islam to save their lives, and some were raped and killed.

■ Osman Ghazi started the Ottoman empire which gave Muslims political post and made it a religion of the state.

*IS NIGERIA/GHANA HEADING THE WAY OF TURKEY*

■ Virtually all the mistakes the church in Turkey made, the Nigerian/Ghanaian church have made it.

■ We are building Cathedrals at the expense of discipling men.

■ Disunity amongst churches.

■ Ethnicity in the church.

■ Denominational rivalry, etc.

■ Sharp division along doctrinal lines.

*MORE FACTS*

■ The spiritual foundation of Turkey is stronger than that of Nigeria/ Ghana and Christianity existed for over 1000yrs in Turkey unlike ours which is just 172 years, but Islam Radicalism uprooted it. If it happened in Turkey, it can also happen in Nigeria/Ghana if we are not careful.

■ The menace of Boko Haram has destroyed a lot of churches in the Northern Nigeria, and it may take another 200yrs to evangelize Borno State alone.

■ There is a secret agenda to Islamize Nigeria, and other African nations as contained in Abuja declaration of 1989.

*DON’T SAY IT CAN’T HAPPEN HERE, IF WE DON’T RIGHT OUR WRONGS AS A CHURCH*

—Copied

Africa and the World What Africa Need is an Organized Diaspora

IF WORLD BANK all other institutions they make African countries jump through roofs. They know that we will never going to pay. The U.S borrows money with 1.5, 1.4 interest rate. Africans when they get the same amount of money, and they are paying 9 or 10 percent. The people who have a brake doesn’t need get the brake and the people that need it don’t get it.

The share survival of WB and IMF is based on the fact that African countries and many other developing countries do not succeed. Their success is based on our failure that is to change. The change has to come from us Africans. We have to say that we know your game now, enough is enough, we are not playing it anymore and this is where the Diaspora comes in. There are more Ghanaians doctors in New York than in Ghana, there are more Nigerian doctors in LA than in Nigeria. What Africans need is capacity, and that capacity is in the Diaspora, so we need to bring that Diaspora together so that they will understand what is going on in Africa. Diasporas are not going home because they do not understand the root cause of why Africa is this way today. They think that getting rid of our president will be the solution of our problem far from it. That president is going to be replaced by another one, who is going to suffer from the same difficulty environment working. So, let’s look at the Africa that must be free to take care of herself, that Africa that is free from exploitation from outside. The multinationals that are stealing from Africa in broad daylight, I use an example of the DRC, if you ever fly very low of the DRC, you see their planes picking minerals and flying right out. The same malty nationals are responsible for arming the youths and given them MK-16 because their satellites in the sky are telling them where the village is, there are lots of diamonds, so what do they do, arm young people, drag them up and send them to go and cut-off a few heads, the rest of the village is on the way to enable them continue to do their illegal manning.

What they are saying is that Africans are killing each other, this is their game plan and these games have been played for far too long. And once we understand that we can strategies and bring the change Africa needs and that change can only come if the Africans in the Diaspora are united. It is our organize way of saying starting with one African Diaspora set of excellence, it will be a new city, a development of hub that we can now take from there every sector is developed, take health care, how many doctors do we need in this region to take care of this many people, we pick up education, same thing, we pick up engineering, we pick up electricity how many megawatts do we need, be it solar, be it wind, be it hydro be it nuclear.

— Dr Arikana Chihombori

Quao. Former AU ambassador to the US.

FORWARD

What Nelson Mandela Said to Nigerians in 2007?

"You know I am not very happy with Nigeria. I have made that very clear on many occasions. Yes, Nigeria stood by us more than any nation, but you let yourselves down, and Africa and the black race very badly. Your leaders have no respect for their people. They believe that their personal interests are the interests of the people. They take people’s resources and turn it into personal wealth. There is a level of poverty in Nigeria that should be unacceptable. I cannot understand why Nigerians are not angrier than they are.

What do young Nigerians think about your leaders and their country and Africa? Do you teach them history...? What about the corruption and the crimes? Your elections are like wars. Now we hear that you cannot be president in Nigeria unless you are Muslim or Christian. Some people tell me your country may break up. Please don’t let it happen. Let me tell you what I think you need to do. You should encourage leaders to emerge who will not confuse public office with sources of personal wealth. Corrupt people do not make good leaders. Then you have to spend a lot of your resources on education. Educate children of the poor, so that they can get out of poverty. Poverty does not breed confidence. Only confident people can bring changes. Poor, uneducated people can also bring change, but it will be hijacked by the educated and the wealthy...give young Nigerians good education. Teach them the value of hard work and sacrifice and discourage them from crimes which are destroying your image as a good people."

(Excerpts taken from a 2007 interview with Mandela conducted by Dr Hakeem Baba-Ahmed).

Ademuyiwa Afeez Adefioye

Kunta Kinte

Kunta Kinte, the African, is a character in the 1976 novel Roots. He was born in 1750, enslaved and taken to America. He was a member of the highly respected Kinte clan of the Mandinka people of the Gambia. A warrior who was educated, clever, skilled, strong, resilient and proud, he was a young man of immense courage that empower him when he was captured by slavers. Kunta never gave up on his dream of returning to his homeland and he challenged other slaves to… See more

Nigeria is Bleeding

Two cannot live together unless they agree. Pre 1804, before the British came, Nigerians were separate nations. We were not conquered by the British. We signed treaties of trade and cooperation. This is what they armed themselves with until the amalgamation of 1914. It was done to advance the economic interest of the British and this was a monumental mistake because we do not share the same world view. Restructuring is too late at this time. We do not want any national sovereign conference because we want out of this federation that has a mayhem Fulani constitution that was made in 1999 by the northerners in the Nigerian army. If you go to the charters of the African Union (AU), Ecowas, United Nations, it is written that "The right of self-determination is what is applicable now. A situation where some people say that Nigeria belongs to them is talking trash and any intruder is asking for trouble. Those who say that they will bring vigilant groups to occupy the South are asking for a declaration of war. There will be consequences that cannot and will not stand. We are not going to sit down and allow any trashy group of people as if they own the air we breathe.

The constitution that was faulted on Nigeria is another fraud. It tells a lie against itself from the beginning. It started by saying We the people when did we sit together as one, we did not sit to agree or set a date, so it cannot sustain any court of law. The north says that they can only accept restructuring through war. They are the ones enjoying this status quoi so they want to sustain it. The tragedy of Nigeria began in 1986 when we were asked to devalue our currency for 32 years through the Structural Adjustment Program (SAP) during the Babaginda military regime. In the early 70s, the naira was 1naira to 1 dollar, but today it is 1 dollar to 527 naira. What a shame. That brought poverty and misery upon us, and then the interest rate went up to 30 percent. Thus, nobody could build a factory, firm and produce anything from it. Any time you bring a shipload of rice, you also bring a shipload of unemployment, thus transferring your wealth to other economic regions of the world. We have become a nation of importers even to the fault of importing toothpicks which cost us 18 million dollars, tomato paste 400 million. If we stop importing, we make enemies, and these guys are ready to kill if they discover this. They have seized this economy, holding us hostage and are not ready to give up. To cure Nigeria of this madness will take us a little while to get use to local goods and accept to consume what we produce and produce what we want to consume.

Buhari, it is important to understand that a man cannot give what he does not have. The whole reason why we are where we are today is because we elected a man that is incompetent in terms of governance. No body that has left this shore to see what is obtaining in other countries and come to Nigeria to see what Buhari is doing and complementing him. The issue of insecurity is what he campaigned for and promised us that he was going to bring back security into the system. The president lost it, the killings all over the country today is horrible. The bandits have taken over 28 states in the country and the killings are horrifying.

Buhari thinks he is doing us a favor. The service chief’s tenure has expired, and he is doing nothing to replace them. That is why the Boko Haram, Fulani herds men and soldiers are killing people, and nothing happens to them and this government under Buhari are saying that these men are not terrorist. I want to educate the people that Buhari’s intention is to Islamize this nation and as long as Christians are being killed, his intention has been accomplished. You think he is stupid? What we are telling him is to go, he is a murderer.

We believe that the Cabal and some groups of people have hijacked the presidency. The service chiefs are fighting against one another. The bottom line is that he has not hired competent people and 98 percent of his appointments are all Fulanis from the north. A man that cannot run his kitchen cabinet is not capable of running a country like Nigeria. What he does best now is to travel around the world, borrowing money that he cannot pay. Meaning, generation yet unborn will pay for his incompetence. He is now destroying what other past presidents like Obasanjo, Jonathan, Yaradua has perfected. His government is found to be the most corrupt and he is now investing in projects that are not viable. He should be sent to The Hague for wanton genocide killings through his governors mostly in the eastern part of the nation. "The butchering of innocent and defenseless young people who were not carrying arms simply because they were having a meeting and are known as IPOB members was the craziest action ever taken by the federal security agents.

Amalgamation Day of 1914 at Tinibu Square Lagos

What Happened at Lekki Toll Gate

A demonstration wearing a blindfold with an inscription End Sars, gestures during protest against alleged police brutality in Lagos. A demonstrator during protest against alleged police brutality in Lagos, Nigeria October 17, 2020. The attack on protestors last night is a new chapter for the #EndSARS protests, with far-reaching consequences for the future politics of the country. The voice of young Nigerians trembles as they sing the national anthem next to the Lekki Toll Gate. Shots ring out as uniformed men surround them, barricade them in, and open fire. Images of men and women, wrapped in Nigerian flags, soaked with blood.

Unconfirmed reports suggest at least ten people have been killed. More certainty surrounds the dozens of protestors in critical condition in hospital. Today, Lagos is on fire, and the shooting continues. Angry demonstrators set fire to the BRT bus station at Oyingbo. Police responded with bullets. The National Ports Authority building at Marina is also on fire. As is the TVC television headquarters, and several banks. The palace of the Oba of Lagos, the traditional leader of the city, has been sacked, according to local media reports.

The Lekki Toll Gate had been occupied by protestors for several weeks, since the early October intensification of the anti-police brutality demonstrations. It has been a good-natured affair; well-disciplined demonstrations, whose dispersed leadership has been constantly reminding those present not to give the police any excuse to intervene. Local newspaper Punch calculated that the state government had lost N234m (around $600,000) because of the closure of the toll gate since the start of the protests. Around midday on 20 October, the current governor, Babajide Sanwo-Olu called for a 4pm curfew, claiming the #EndSARS movement had been infiltrated by criminals. At 3pm, the cameras from the Lekki Toll Gate were removed. Just before 7pm, the lights at the gate were turned off. Soldiers arrived and started shooting. It was pandemonium and they kept on shooting and shooting at us. It lasted for about an hour-and-a-half and the soldiers were actually taking up the dead bodies, an unnamed witness told the BBC.

FINGERS POINTED AT TINUBU

The premeditated nature of the attacks – the curfew, the warnings, the removal of the cameras – is driving deep anger in Lagos. Rightly or wrongly, many now point at a powerful former Lagos governor, Bola Tinubu. A national leader of the governing All Progressives Congress with presidential ambitions, Tinubu is believed to hold an economic stake in a number of the businesses now targeted by protestors, including the Oriental Hotel, the BRT, the TV channel TVC and the Lekki Toll Gate itself. Speaking on Channels Television, Tinubu denied he was part of any carnage. I will never be part of that. He also denied having any investment in the toll gate.

CHAIN OF COMMAND

Of interest to demonstrators, but also to any legal inquiry: who could have ordered an attack that was carried out by soldiers? The Nigerian army was quick to label as fake news any reports of demonstrators being killed – despite the many eye-witness accounts. The identity of several officers said to be responsible for leading the attack has also circulated – with first the chief of the Dodan barracks, then that of the Bonny Camp, accused of leading the attack. President Buhari will likely receive soft landing for purposes of political expediency while you are held responsible for issuing orders that led to civilian deaths On 18 October it was reported the army was to intervene in the #EndSARS demonstrations, adapting an ongoing deployment called Operation Crocodile Smile VI. Acting director of army public relations Colonel Sagir Musa said the deployment would begin on 20 October, and that the army is is ready to fully support the civil authority in whatever capacity to maintain law and order and deal with any situation decisively".

An open letter to the Chief of Army Staff of Nigeria, General Tukur Yusuf Buratai, by academic and editor of African Security ‘Tope Oriola had pleaded against allowing the army to join the police in repressing demonstrators: General Buratai, if soldiers on the streets kill a single civilian, the responsibility will be on you in the medium to long term when we all begin to give account of this moment at a truth and reconciliation commission or the law courts in Nigeria or The Hague. The statement issued by Colonel Sagir Musa will become incontrovertible evidence of your culpability in civilian deaths. President Buhari will likely receive soft landing for purposes of political expediency while you are held responsible for issuing orders that led to civilian deaths.

WHAT WILL THE LEKKI MASSACRE CHANGE?

Throughout history, massacres have certainly turned political tides. But it is hard to predict in which direction. The Tiananmen Square massacre strengthened the hand of those wanting to slow reform. In South Africa, the Sharpeville massacre in 1960 pushed South Africa out of the international fold, while the Soweto massacre marked the beginning of the end for the Apartheid regime. In 1819, the Peterloo massacre was a turning point for UK democracy, while France’s revolution was preceded by brutal repression of revolt. Some will be looking to recent lessons from Algeria and Sudan — where slowly-building protests climaxed into weeks of pressure from a broad societal coalition, which ultimately forced changed at the top.