The Victorian and Edwardian Railway in Old Photographs
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About this ebook
Anthony Dawson
Anthony Dawson is an archaeologist and historian who has made a special study of the history of the British army in the nineteenth century. He spent two years as a post-graduate research student at the University of Leeds where he gained an MRes. As well as writing articles on the subject in magazines and journals, he has published Napoleonic Artillery, French Infantry of the Crimean War and Letters from the Light Brigade: The British Cavalry in the Crimean War.
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Book preview
The Victorian and Edwardian Railway in Old Photographs - Anthony Dawson
First published 2019
Amberley Publishing
The Hill, Stroud
Gloucestershire, GL5 4EP
www.amberley-books.com
Copyright © Anthony Dawson, 2019
The right of Anthony Dawson to be identified as the Author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
ISBN 9781445679730 (PRINT)
ISBN 9781445679747 (eBOOK)
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without the permission in writing from the Publishers.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data.
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
Typesetting by Aura Technology and Software Services, India. Printed in the UK.
Contents
Introduction
A note on the illustrations
Chapter 1 - Railway People
Chapter 2 - Locomotives
Chapter 3 - Carriages and rolling stock
Chapter 4 - Royal Trains
Chapter 5 - Trains and Stations
Introduction
The period between 1880 and 1910 is often described as the ‘Golden Age’ of rail travel: ornately painted locomotives pulling trains of sumptuous rolling stock; smartly turned-out staff and station masters in their silk hats. The railway was the creation of the Victorian age, and indeed the most potent symbol of that age was the railway locomotive. For a people addicted to the idea of progress, the railway heralded the first great conquest of ideas of time and space. Henry Booth wrote of the Liverpool & Manchester Railway:
The sudden and marvellous change which has been affected in our ideas of time and space. Notions which we have received from our ancestors, and verified by our own experience, are overthrown in a day, and a new standard erected, by which to form our own ideas of the future. Speed – Dispatch – Distance are still relative terms but their meaning has now totally changed … what was once thought quick is now slow; what was distant is now near.
When Victoria came to her throne in 1837, the mainline railway was only seven years old but growing rapidly: the Liverpool & Manchester had opened in 1830. The first trunk-line, the Grand Junction Railway, which joined the L&M near its mid-point and ran almost due south to Birmingham in 1837. In the following year, it became possible to travel by train from London Euston to Liverpool Lime Street (albeit with a change at Birmingham) following the opening of the London & Birmingham Railway in September 1838. The first stage of Brunel’s broad gauge Great Western Railway opened in the same year, but wouldn’t reach the far-west until 1859. In 1830 a Manchester cotton broker could travel by mail coach to London in a little over nineteen hours, but in 1838 he could catch the 6.30 am train from Manchester and be in London eight hours later. That great Victorian guru of self-help Samuel Smiles (himself the secretary of the Leeds Northern Railway) believed that the railways had ‘effectively reduced England to one sixth its size’.
Thus, the bulk of the southern portion of what would become known as the West Coast Mainline was in existence in the year of Victoria’s Coronation (1838) largely thanks to three men: George Stephenson, Robert Stephenson and Joseph Locke. George Stephenson, the erstwhile ‘father of the railways’ was a self-taught mechanic and engineer, responsible for the Stockton & Darlington and the Liverpool & Manchester railways. His son, Robert, had a formal education at the University of Edinburgh and was apprenticed to Nicholas Wood at Killingworth Colliery. Not only was he a skilled civil engineer but a locomotive engineer too. It was Robert who had done much of the design work behind the famous Rocket of the Rainhill Trials, as well as develop the pioneering Planet and Patentee class locomotives of the 1830s. Joseph Locke, a scion of Barnsley, had been apprenticed to Stephenson senior, but the tensions between the two that developed during the building of the Grand Junction led to a break in their