Preventing Bullying: A Manual for Teachers in Promoting Global Educational Harmony

PREVENTING

BULLYING

A Manual for Teachers

in Promoting Global Educational Harmony

Christina Theophilos, M.Ed. &

Raju Ramanathan, M.Tech

Copyright © 2020 Christina Theophilos, M.Ed. & Raju Ramanathan.

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be used or reproduced by any means, graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping or by any information storage retrieval system without the written permission of the author except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews.

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The author of this book does not dispense medical advice or prescribe the use of any technique as a form of treatment for physical, emotional, or medical problems without the advice of a physician, either directly or indirectly. The intent of the author is only to offer information of a general nature to help you in your quest for emotional and spiritual well-being. In the event you use any of the information in this book for yourself, which is your constitutional right, the author and the publisher assume no responsibility for your actions.

Any people depicted in stock imagery provided by Getty Images are models, and such images are being used for illustrative purposes only.

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ISBN: 978-1-9822-4908-3 (sc)

ISBN: 978-1-9822-4910-6 (hc)

ISBN: 978-1-9822-4909-0 (e)

Library of Congress Control Number: 2020910836

Balboa Press rev. date: 08/25/2020

CONTENTS

Legal & Disclaimer

Acknowledgments

Global Educational Harmony

Why Educators Need This Manual

About the Authors

Section 1: Bullying Overview

What is Bullying?

Five Types of Bullying

Factors Contributing to Bullying

Bullying from a Lifespan Perspective

Where Bullying Occurs

Cyberbullying

Bystanders

Children At-Risk

Bullying Outcomes

Long-Term Effects of Bullying

Section 2: How Schools Can Help Prevent Bullying

Challenges Schools Face in Preventing Bullying

Questions to consider about your school’s anti-bullying initiatives

Seven Steps to Developing Your School’s Action Plan

How to Promote a Bully-Free School Environment

Bullying Prevention Objectives

Bullying Assessment Questionnaire

Our School’s Code of Conduct Form

Sanctions for Misconduct Form

Giving Advice to Parents About Bullying

Bullying Prevention Letter to Parents

Important Signs of Bullying That Parents Should Know

Parenting Tips: What to do if your child is being bullied

How to Respond to Cyberbullying

Section 3: Prevention & Response Strategies for Educators

Questions to Consider Before Your Bullying Prevention Initiatives

Identifying Students’ Needs

How to Recognize Your Students’ Roles in Bullying

The Glory of Education’s 7 Step Bullying Prevention Model

Step 1: Set a Harmonious Tone in the Classroom

Step 2: Create Respectful Ground Rules

Step 3: Raise Students’ Awareness about Bullying

Step 4: Cultivate Moments of Empathy and Morality

Step 5: Eliminate the Motivation to Bully by Building Peer Relations

Step 6: Provide Opportunities to Practice Conflict Resolution and Interpersonal Skills

Step 7: Encourage Leadership by Getting Students Involved in the Prevention Process

Activity Layout and Design

Benefits of Classroom-Based Learning Activities

The Importance of Making Random Groups

How to Make Random Groups

Essential Facilitation Tips Before Teaching Anti-Bullying

Section 4: Intervention Strategies

Classroom Management Techniques

Suggestions on Setting Ground Rules

Using the 3 R’s: Recognize, React & Resolve a Bullying Situation

How to Resolve a Bullying Situation in Class

Reporting Misconduct to Authorities: Heads Up Form

Student Misconduct Reflection Sheet

How to Have Meaningful Student Interventions

Intervention Strategies for Bystanders

Intervention Strategies for the Target

Empowering Solutions for Targets

Food for Thought Before Your 1-1 Intervention with the Bully

Intervention Strategies for the Bully

1-1 Discussion Questions for the Bully

When YOU the Teacher, is a Target of Bullying

How to Confront Your Bully

Do YOU bully your students?

Section 5: Bullying Prevention Class Activities

Step 1: Set a Harmonious Tone in the Classroom

Activity #1: Create Calmness & Concentration Using Mindful Meditation

Activity #2: Stretch & Feel Great

Activity #3: Promote Respect for Self & Others Using The I Am Mantra

Activity #4: Repeat Positive Incantations

Activity #5: Practice the Art of Listening & Identify Our Human Needs

Activity #6: Establish Trust - Group Discussion & Action Exercises

Activity #7: Sing & Automatically Feel Uplifted

Step 2: Create Respectful Ground Rules

Activity #8: Brainstorm Respectful Do’s & Don’ts

Activity #9: Appropriate Code of Conduct and Sanctions Forms

Activity #10: Establish Class Rules in Small Groups

Activity #11: Identify Cool & Uncool Behaviors

Step 3: Raise Students’ Awareness about Bullying

Activity #12: Define Bullying

Activity #13: Class Discussion & Questions About Bullying

Activity #14: Bullying Word Associations – Icebreaker

Activity #15: Demystify Bullying - True or False Exercise

Activity #16: Step Up If - Identifying Student Commonalities

Activity #17: Write Your Truth About Bullying & Post It Anonymously

Step 4: Cultivate Moments of Empathy and Morality

Activity #18: Walk in Their Shoes: An Experiential Learning Exercise

Activity #19: Explore Bullying Roles - Small Group Discussion

Activity #20: The Use & Abuse of Power - Round Circle Discussion

Activity #21: Understand the Effects of Bullying

Activity #22: Share Feelings - I feel … when …

Activity #23: Identify Students’ Values - Discussion & Worksheet

Activity #24: Student Confessions & Identifying Bullying Roles

Step 5: Eliminate the Motivation to Bully by Building Peer Relations

Activity #25: The Masks We Wear!

Activity #26: Find Commonalities – Find Someone Who …

Activity #27: If You Really Knew Me

Activity #28: Admit Your Mistakes & Apologize to Those You Yurt

Activity #29: Share Your Bullying Story & Let It Go

Activity #30: Forgive Vs. Holding Grudges

Step 6: Provide Opportunities to Practice Conflict Resolution and Interpersonal Skills

Activity #31: Locating Bullying Hot Spots & How to Respond

Activity #32: Improvise Bullying Response Strategies

Activity #33: Brainstorm Anti-Bullying Responses in Small Groups

Activity #34: Practice Makes Perfect – More Bullying Scenarios

Activity #35: Time to Debate Bullying Topics

Activity #36: Give and Receive Compliments

Step 7: Encourage Leadership by Getting Students Involved in the Prevention Process

Activity #37: Set Appealing Goals for Their Future

Activity #38: Define Authentic Leadership

Activity #39: Get Students Involved in the Prevention Process

Activity #40: Create an Anti-Bullying Skit - Group Project

Activity #41: Create Anti-Bullying Posters & Flyers

Activity #42: Make an Anti-Bullying Pledge & Certificate of Understanding

Activity #43: Peer Mentoring Program

A Final Message

LEGAL & DISCLAIMER

The information contained in this book and its contents is not designed to replace or take the place of any form of medical or professional advice; and is not meant to replace the need for independent medical, financial, legal or other professional advice or services, as may be required. The content and information in this book have been provided for educational and entertainment purposes only.

This teacher’s manual contains practical information, inspiration, classroom-based learning activities, and teaching strategies for educators on how to prevent and respond to bullying. The use or misuse of the given content, along with any misunderstanding of the material, is the sole responsibility of the reader.

Neither the author nor the publishers assume responsibility or liability, jointly or individually, to any person, group, organization or entity regarding any emotional loss, damage, or injury, which may be caused or allegedly caused, directly or indirectly, from the information provided. The author is an educational consultant, associate professor, researcher and workshop facilitator, not a licensed psychiatrist.

As educators reading this manual, you must use your own discretion and judgment when applying the activities, interventions, and strategies provided. Readers are recommended to use the activities provided logically and safely in accordance with their teaching style and student needs. The contents can also be effective when used in conjunction with professional, or counseling services, which are related to bullying.

The content and information contained in this book has been compiled from sources deemed reliable, and it is accurate to the best of the Author’s knowledge, information, and belief. However, the author cannot guarantee its accuracy and validity and cannot be held liable for any errors and/or omissions. Further, changes are periodically made to this book as and when needed. Where appropriate and/or necessary, you must consult a professional (including but not limited to your doctor, attorney, financial advisor or such other professional advisor) before using any of the suggested remedies, techniques, or information in this book.

Upon using the contents and information contained in this book, you agree to hold harmless the Author from and against any damages, costs, and expenses, including any legal fees potentially resulting from the application of any of the information provided by this book. This disclaimer applies to any loss, damages or injury caused by the use and application, whether directly or indirectly, of any advice or information presented, whether for breach of contract, tort, negligence, personal injury, criminal intent, or under any other cause of action.

You agree to accept all risks of using the information presented inside this book.

You agree that by continuing to read this book, where appropriate and/or necessary, you shall consult a professional (including but not limited to your doctor, attorney, or financial advisor or such other advisor as needed) before using any of the suggested remedies, techniques, or information in this book.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

To the chosen ones, who choose to devote their lives to teaching, we thank you. You have the power to make or break some of the most critical years in your students’ adolescent lives. Your encouragement or discouragement in a subject can pave the way to their future success and confidence in the given field you are privileged to teach. Please remember the impact of your attitude, subtle behavior, and expectations you have of your students. If you believe in them, they too will believe in themselves and see the potential that lies within them. If you treat them like winners, they will become winners. But if you treat them as failures or incompetent, they too will feel this way. Therefore, it is important that you keep yourself healthy, strong, and well-balanced both physically and emotionally, to uplift and inspire them on a daily basis. If you dominate their thoughts with positive and uplifting ways of being, they too will be influenced by this, in a classroom setting that you always dreamed of.

I know some days are extremely difficult, especially if you get a challenging group. We have all been there as teachers, but we always overcome and rise up for another day. Because if you are anything like me, you would die if you cannot teach. This is the glory of being an educator is our calling, enabling our students out of ignorance and while passing the torch of inner and outer knowledge.

You are the authority figure and leader in your classroom, and can help prevent and respond to bullying in schools by using some of the guidelines provided. My hope is that by using the learning model and any of the class activities provided, you will be able to cultivate moments of empathy and compassion in your classroom.

To my inspirational educators: Jane Elliott and Jim Gavin, who modeled some of the most greatest images of what a caring and dynamic teacher should be. And finally, Raju Ramanathan, my guru and meditation teacher, who taught me how to love unconditionally and to constantly feel gratitude from a state of breathing consciousness. To my dear friends, family, and editors, I thank you for your support throughout this journey.

Illustrated by: Kevin Dunne

GLOBAL EDUCATIONAL HARMONY

When I was in high school, a private Catholic all-girls school, I observed and was part of, many forms of bullying. As a bystander, bully, and victim of bullying miserable in my classroom, unable and uninterested in learning, I often would ponder, "What could make this high-school experience better? The answer that always came to mind instinctively was for students to be able to get to know one another better by sitting together in a way that allowed eye contact to happen and one’s true self to emerge and be shared without judgement. A setting where deep connections and honest feelings were shared allowing for real personal growth. Unfortunately, too many teachers do not have the time, desire, or energy for this type of group sharing" and instead, use the traditional lecturing format, preventing students from connecting on a deeper level and thus allowing for the bullying and segregation to continue.

I learned the key to this secret in college and university in my Race, Anthropology, and Racism courses, when I studied and viewed Jane Elliott’s notorious Blue-Eyed Brown-Eyed exercise and documentary called A Collar in My Pocket. After practically throwing a chair over each time, I soon realized, this is exactly what schools need to Do, not only Show on video or Teach. This exercise became the principles of my teaching to come, and the foundation of this teachers’ manual, known as experiential learning strategies.

Jane Elliott’s exercise was one of the most degrading, humbling, and transformational learning and teaching experiences, I have ever had, and I urge you to watch her documentaries known internationally for its ethical procedure, and unique way of teaching empathy in the classroom. Years later, I was taught first-hand from Mrs. Elliott, enabling me to continue our work and develop more tools that teachers can use in their classroom.

The Blue-Eyed Brown-Eyed exercise shed light on white privileged, bullying, sexism, and all other isms we have in our society today, and shared they key to what I had hoped for in high school. A setting of openness, understanding, and empathy.

Kenneth B. Clark, who first black president of the American Psychological Association and conducted the first Black & White Doll Experiment in the 1940’s noted: "A major and inescapable goal of educational institutions is to broaden the perspective of human beings. To develop a truly functional empathy. To free human beings from the constrictions of ignorance, superstition, hostility and other forms of inhumanity. Jane Elliott’s contribution, as described in William Peters’ A Class Divided Then and Now demonstrates that it is possible to educate and produce a class of human beings united by understanding, acceptance and empathy." (Peters. A Class Divided: Then and Now, 1987) Jane Elliott is an internationally known teacher, lecturer, diversity trainer, and recipient of the National Mental Health Association Award for Excellence in Education. For additional information, visit www.janeelliott.com.

WHY EDUCATORS NEED THIS MANUAL

The Glory of Education’s Preventing Bullying: A Manual for Teachers in Promoting Global Educational Harmony is a comprehensive guide for educators to gain insights, information, valuable resources, and classroom-based student learning activities that are of great urgency and gravity in our societies today. It is important to note that there is no single cure or strategy that will stop or end bullying because each case is unique and should be treated accordingly.

But first, you must believe that your students can change, see them in this positive light, envision them in their most empathic and caring states and maintain it long enough so that they become it. This is the greatest gift a teacher can ever give to their student: to believe in them and see their full potential as remarkable, compassionate, and beautiful children.

The problem is, teachers receive very little training on classroom management, bullying prevention, or conflict resolution while achieving their bachelor’s in education. Once they enter the classroom, educators report feeling stressed, unequipped, scared, and sometimes even threatened by the bullies in their classroom. Hence, it is essential to put our grown-up pants on and take charge by using the activities and intervention strategies provided throughout this manual.

Not only will teachers create a positive learning environment, but they will also pave the way for their students’ healthy emotional development. In this manual, teachers will learn how to set a positive tone in their classroom, build peer relationships, promote inclusivity, and make sure each student feels safe, valued, and able to learn in a stress-free environment.

In other words, each day that passes without our efforts in the prevention of bullying, is another day where students may feel:

• Unmotivated to learn

• Anxious when going to school

• Loneliness and rejection from peers

• Physical and/or emotional distress (sickness, stomach aches)

• Humiliation, anger, and/or depression from being bullied

• Trauma and/or shock associated with cyberbullying

• Thoughts of revenge or even suicide

• Feelings of regret and/or guilt carried into their adult lives.

A wise man once told me during my quest for a solution-based anti-bullying program:

"There is no need to teach anti-bullying, we must only teach pro-love and compassionate education." -Raju Dattayogiraja

So how do we teach pro-love and compassionate education? As educators, we must be aware of the emotional repercussions of bullying and how easily it can be prevented in the comfort and safety of our classrooms. Although using preventative efforts involves a conscious effort and extra time on our parts, it will be appreciated by everyone in class. You have the power to promote compassionate education which will change the entire school environment. Let us begin to show you how to create this atmosphere, using with your own strength, knowledge, passion, and perseverance.

There is Hope

"Once you choose hope, anything is possible." – Christopher Reeve

We all know that bullying is prevalent throughout the world. We see it on television, in politics, in sports, on social media, and global news. Therefore, we need community-wide efforts that encourage non-violent behaviors and promote harmony. Since schools are the most central place of learning, we must take responsibility for our students’ academic and personal success by bringing opportunities for personal growth, understanding, and healing to the classroom.

These activities will help students:

• Understand bullying and its effects

• Share their unique stories

• Learn empathy and compassion

• Acknowledge their roles in bullying, as well as their role in the prevention of it

• Get to know their peers and build closer peer relationships

• Gain assertiveness and leadership skills

• Become advocates against all acts of bullying.

a. have come a long way and it is important that we acknowledge how far we’ve progressed as a community in this fight against bullying:

• School policies have been modified, and government bills are passed

• Police officials are instilling laws against assault and cyberbullying

• National conferences are being held about bullying and tackling solutions

• Media support and social recognition of bullying and its long-term impact is expanding

• Nonprofit organizations, such as WiredSafety.org, and other social networking tools, are growing in order to help support victims of cyber-bullying and harassment

• Principals, teachers, and counselors are becoming highly involved in bullying prevention and response techniques by offering student presentations and parent/teacher training and support

• Several online resources can now be easily downloaded, printed, and used for presentations, community events and classroom-based learning activities

• Parents are becoming more involved and taking a stand to help protect the safety of their children in and outside of school

• Students around the world are taking a stand and being trained on how to stand up for themselves and others against social, verbal, physical, cyber, racial, sexual, and homophobic bullying.

The Ultimate Cure to Bullying

"If every eight-year-old in the world is taught meditation, we will

eliminate violence from the world in one generation." -Dalai Lama

Over the many years of personal, cultural, international, and academic research on the topic of bullying, I found prominence Thich Nhat Hanh’s explanation of the root causes of abuse/bullying. "When another person makes you suffer, it is because he suffers deeply within himself, and his suffering is spilling over. He does not need punishment; he needs help. That’s the message he is sending." - Thich Nhat Hanh

The ultimate cure to bullying prevention is multi-dimensional and involves a community-wide effort in teaching students ethical and non-violent behaviors. Since bullying is a learned behavior, it can also be unlearned. Bullying prevention requires educating, protecting and empowering targets and bystanders,