Winning Practices of a Free, Fit, and Prosperous People

Advanced Praise

Bold, monumental, brilliant, and provocative. Bitz insightfully nails how America has lost its way and offers thoughtful solutions to find our way back. A courageous and important series.

– Bob Vanourek, award-winning author and former CEO, Cordillera, Colorado

Winning Practices is one of the most important books that I have ever read. It is a badly-needed articulation of the problems besetting our country and the solutions to them.

– Gary Fenchuk, award-winning developer and author of Timeless Wisdom, Midlothian, Virginia

Mark delves into some of our country’s biggest challenges and cuts through the politics. He takes you beyond the approaches of the right or the left and presents creative and practical winning ones.

– Stephen McConnell, president of Solano Ventures, Scottsdale, Arizona

Winning Practices will never, ever leave the top of my desk; it is a comprehensive guide for life. Its insight and organization are amazing.

– Dr. Story Musgrave, surgeon, Marine veteran, NASA astronaut, Hubble Space Telescope repairman, Kissimmee, Florida

Toward Truth, Freedom, Fitness, and Decency is an extraordinary study . . . as compelling a read as it is thoughtful and thought-provoking. . . . Very highly recommended for both community and academic library collections and . . . for students, political activists, and ordinary folk interested in the social, cultural, economic, and political issues that so trouble our country today.

– Susan Bethany, Midwest Book Review, Oregon, Wisconsin

Winning Practices provides a road map for living a useful, happy and healthy life. I love it. It should be mandatory reading for every high school student.

– Mitch Sill, retired CEO and owner of Road Machinery & Supplies, Duluth, Minnesota

Every chapter is worth reading and pondering.

– Richard Kaufman, chair of Am store Corporation, Chicago, Illinois

Mark has written clearly and truthfully, a complete Operator’s Manual for Life. I will share the series with those who are dearest to me.

– Haisook Somers, mother, volunteer, and philanthropist, Montreal, Quebec

I am profoundly impressed with the Flourish Series. Mark has delineated and backed up with facts and thoughtful analysis timeless truths and behaviors that will help many individuals lead more fulfilled lives. His work could not come at a better time. As fewer people learn these truths and behaviors from their families and faiths, an insightful, well-organized, secular expression of them becomes ever more important.

– John Doyle, owner of Doyle Security Systems, Rochester, New York

I find myself staring off into space and pondering Mark’s ideas. I agree with what he says, and I am pleased to find so much well-synthesized and organized thought in one treatise.

– Tom Ewert, retired federal judge, Naples, Florida

Mark blends his considerable experience to design a plan for America to not only grow but also to flourish. His practical and commonsense plan is a must read for all thinking Americans.

– Carl Youngman, former CEO of more than twenty companies, Boston, Massachusetts

Winning Practices is thought-provoking and thoroughly interesting. It examines many of our country’s challenges and offers a comprehensive set of solutions. It is incredibly innovative and has stimulated many discussions among our family and friends. The books are a must-read for our country’s leaders and every American who is concerned about it.

– Mark Danni, conductor, founding artistic director of Theatre Zone, and president of Kare Mar Productions, Naples, Florida

Even though I have a more biblical viewpoint of the world, the teaching and wisdom of Winning Practices should be mandatory reading for all first-year college students.

– Kenneth Lockard, founder of numerous companies, CEO of Lockard Companies, Cedar Falls, Iowa

Winning Practices

of a Free, Fit, and Prosperous People

This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information regarding the subject matter covered. It is sold with the understanding that the publisher and author are not engaged in rendering legal, accounting, or other professional services. If legal advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional should be sought. The author and publisher made every effort to ensure the information contained in this book was true at the time of publication.

Published by Flourish Books

Naples, FL

flourishbooks.org

Copyright ©2019 Mark W. Bitz

All rights reserved.

Thank you for purchasing an authorized edition of this book and for complying with copyright law. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the copyright holder.

Distributed by Ingram Content Group

For ordering information or special discounts for bulk purchases, please contact Ingram Content Group LLC, One Ingram Blvd.,

La Vergne, TN 37086, 615.793.5000

Cover design by Night Owl Freelance

Cover art by Katiana Robles

Cataloging-in-Publication data is available.

Print ISBN: 978-0-9859504-7-7

eBook ISBN: 978-0-9859504-8-4

Audiobook ISBN: 978-0-9859504-9-1

Printed in the United States of America

3-31-2019

So you and future generations may realize

your full potential and do better than we have done.

Contents

Advanced Praise

Introduction

Section I

How Are We Doing

Chapter 1

Three of the Most Desirable Places to Live

Singapore, Switzerland, and the United States

Crime, Corruption, and Poverty

Health and Longevity

Income and Financial Security

Carbon Emissions

Chapter 2

Losing Our Way

Inclusion Failures

Change in the Election of U.S. Senators

Presidential Constitutional Failings

Supreme Court Constitutional Failings

Special Interests

Figure 5: Supreme Court Constitutional Failings

Less Faith-Community Relevance

Less Integrity, Responsibility, and Civility

Promiscuity and the Decline of Marriage

Poorly Parented Children

Unionization and Liberalization of Education

Social Justice Missteps

Cultural Relativism, Nonjudgmentalism, and Multiculturalism

Declining Discipline, Poor Habits, and Less Learning

Oligopoly and Monopoly

Offshoring

Entitlement

Consumerism and Debt

Easy Money

Hubris and Nation Building

Immigration Failures

Distorted News and Political Polarization

Separation from Nature

Section II

Winning Perspectives

Chapter 3

Winning Perspectives

Chapter 4

Truth

Chapter 5

Causality

Fallacy, Correlation, Necessity, and Sufficiency

The Inanimate and Animate Worlds

Chapter 6

Scale

Chapter 7

Evolution

The Evolution of the Universe

The Evolution of Life

Competition and Comparative Advantage

Natural Selection and Gradualism

Interrelated Products of the Past

Chapter 8

Fitness

Meritocracy

Procreation

The Underlying Aim of Life

Chapter 9

Human Nature

Individual Nature

Familial Nature

Social Nature

Environmental Alignment

Chapter 10

Culture

Cultural Relativism

The Path of Fitness

Operating System I

Operating System II

Chapter 11

Periodic Disaster

Chapter 12

Eco-Dependency

Section III

Practices of Individuals

Chapter 13

Winning Practices

Individual Level

Group Level

Family Level

Education Level

Enterprise Level

Government Level

Winning Practices

Chapter 14

Health

Hygiene

Nutrition

Periodic Fasting

Sleep

Exercise

Avoiding Harm

Medical and Dental Care

DNA Fidelity

Reflection

Purpose and Social Interaction

Balance

Chapter 15

Thought

Assimilation

Visualization

Creativity

Reverse Engineering

Research

Choice and Alignment

Focus

Rehearsal

Mentors

Chapter 16

Integrity

Truthfulness

Honorableness

Reliability

Priorities

Chapter 17

Proactivity

Purpose

Responsibility

Constructive Speech and Action

Preparation

Work

Fitness-Related Service

Chapter 18

Prudence

Fitness, Courage, Knowledge, and Discipline

Symmetry and Nonlinearity

Antifragility

Prohibitions

Optionality and Judicious Risk-Taking

Practical Experience

Accomplished Souls and Collective Wisdom

Being Slow to Make Important Decisions

Chapter 19

Excellence

Extra Thought, Focus, Effort, and Time

Near-Perfect Practice and Perseverance

High Standards and Attention to Detail

Facilitators and Impediments

Chapter 20

Thrift and Investment

Minimizing Expenditures

Automated Investment

Financial Tools

Figure 20: Present Value Formulas

Figure 21: Present Value Annuity Formulas

Investments

Advantageously Buying and Selling Assets

Minimizing Taxes

Section IV

Winning Practices of Groups

Chapter 21

Affiliation

Accountability

Attendance

Punctuality

Appearance and Congeniality

Independent Thought

Friendship

Chapter 22

Decency

Abundance and Decency vs. Scarcity and Ruthlessness

Ally Acquisition

Respectfulness

Consideration and Appreciation

The Modified Golden Rule

Apology and Forgiveness

Expenditure of Time, Energy, and/or Resources

Chapter 23

Understanding

Humility

Trust

Listening

Clarification

Shared Experience

Chapter 24

Leadership

Good Decisions

Mission, Vision, and Strategy

Structure and Stakeholder Inclusion

Goals, Budgets, and Plans

Accountability and Assignments

Incentives and Evaluations

Winning Practices of Individuals and Groups

Realism, Courage, Passion, and Perseverance

Culture of Success

Chapter 25

Teamwork

Winning Practices of Individuals and Groups

Leader Selection and Retention

Member Selection and Retention

Beneficial Diversity

Equal Opportunity and Meritocracy

Skin in the Game

Win-Win

Cooperation, Specialization, Coordination, and Synergy

Associations

Chapter 26

Improvement

Evolution and Competition

Trials and Pilots

Research and Development

Continuous Improvement

Collegial Improvement

Sustainability-Related Improvement

Winning Practices

Section V

Winning Practices of Families

Chapter 27

Spouse Selection

Differences between Men and Women

Vetted Love

Deferred Sex

Necessary Marital Attributes

Family Decision-Making

Chapter 28

Marriage

Love and Accommodation

Family Centeredness and Specialization

Commitment and Fidelity

Chapter 29

Responsible Parenting

Progeny Consciousness

Nurture and Discipline

Literacy and Education

Experiences and Challenges

The Butterfly

Role Models

Grandparents

Chapter 30

Empowering Habit Formation

Forming Empowering Habits

Winning Practices of Individuals and Groups

Breaking Habits

Section VI

Winning Practices of Education

Chapter 31

Knowledge

The Scientific Method

Libraries and Databases

An Education, Research, and Extension System

A Free and Responsible Press

Chapter 32

Universal Education

Parent Accountability

Student Accountability

Real-World Feedback

Empowering Habit Formation

Life- and Science-Based Curriculum

Elementary Curriculum

Seven Secondary Tracks

Homogeneous Grouping

Individualized Learning

Chapter 33

Parental Choice

Equitable County Districts

Ending the Public Education Monopoly

An Island of Socialism

Parental Choice and Involvement

State Goals and Exams

Chapter 34

Results-Oriented Education

Benchmarking

Administration Empowerment and Accountability

Teacher Empowerment and Accountability

How Children Succeed

Bridging Conservative and Liberal Biases

Section VII

Winning Practices of Enterprise

Chapter 35

Free Enterprise and Markets

Private Property

Free Enterprise

Free Markets

Free Trade

Capital Formation and Investment

Chapter 36

Responsible Corporate Governance

Stakeholder Inclusion

Stakeholder Directors

Media Reports of Corporate Misconduct

Winning Cultures

Chapter 37

Prudent Regulation

Contract Enforcement

Transparency

Market Share Restrictions

Debt Restrictions

Externality Taxation

Do No Harm

Long-Term Incentives

Chapter 38

Enterprise Competitiveness

Customer Focus

A High-Performance and Improvement Culture

Minimal Overhead

Limited Leverage

Willing- and Able-Workforces

Well-Developed Infrastructure and Enterprise-Friendly Policies

Minimal Government Burdens

Section VIII

Winning Practices of Government

Chapter 39

Problems with Democracy

Human Fallibility

Conflicts of Interest

Special Interests

Lack of Accountability

Representatives Play Santa Claus

Leaders Love Power

Short-Term and Group Thinking

Majorities Dominate Minorities

Chapter 40

Government of the People

A Constitution

Dispersing and Checking Power

A Republic with a Bicameral Legislature

Supermajorities and Minority Accommodation

Chapter 41

Powers, Prohibitions, and Structure

Specified Federal Powers

Prohibitions

Legislative, Executive, and Judicial Branches

House of Representatives

Senate

Executive Branch/Council

Executive Branch Prohibitions and Emergency Powers

The Supreme Court

Public Infrastructure

Chapter 42

Freedoms, Rights, and Responsibilities

Freedoms

Rights

Responsibilities

Citizenship Qualifications

Voter Qualifications

Weighting the Votes of Parents

Chapter 43

The Rule of Law

Constitutional, Easily Understood, and Widely Supported

Collegial Improvement

Legislatively Originated

Piloted, Beneficial, and Stakeholder-Oriented

Impartial and Consistently Applied

Justice

Periodic Review

Judicious Litigation

Chapter 44

Inclusion and Meritocracy

Ethnic Sensitivity and Appreciation

Integration

Meritocracy and Comparative Advantage

Equal Opportunity

Goldilocks Minimum Wages

A Can-Do Attitude

Chapter 45

Prudent Taxation

Disincentivize the Undesirables

Sales Taxes on Nonessentials

Uniform Application of Taxes

Spending Restraints

Chapter 46

Financial Strength

Privatization

Free Enterprise and Free Markets

Transparency and Good Information

Sound Money

Sound Lending Practices

Balanced Budgets and Limited Indebtedness

Prudent Taxation, High Productivity, and Full Employment

Capital Formation

Chapter 47

Savings Accounts and Social Safety Nets

Avoiding Socialism and the Redistribution of Wealth

Savings Accounts

State Social Safety Nets

Employment of the Unemployed

Chapter 48

Consumer-Driven Healthcare

Harmful Medical Intervention

Advantageous Immigration and Judicious Litigation

Goldilocks Minimum Wages and Savings Accounts

Universal Coverage

Patient Choice

Out-of-Pocket Payments

Chapter 49

Assimilation

From Many, One

United We Stand, Divided We Fall

English as the National Language

Impervious Borders

Advantageous Immigration

Chapter 50

Peace Through Fitness

Seven Levels of Human Fitness

Financial Strength

Law Enforcement and Justice

Military, Cyber, and Intelligence Strength and Restraint

Allies and Limited Treaty Powers

Democratic Realism

Chapter 51

Sustainability

Water, Air, and Land

Ecosystem Conservation and Biodiversity

Responsible Resource Use, Recycling, and Waste Disposal

Clean Energy

Population Growth

A Note on the Winning Practices of Government

Chapter 52

Toward Truth, Freedom, Fitness, and Decency

Truth, Freedom, Fitness and Decency

Looking Within and Without

Seven Levels of Human Organization

Winning

The Prevalence of Winning Perspectives and Practices

Circle of Influence

Leadership and Service

Winning Culture

Introduction

Good intentions, idyllic wishes, and flawed policies do not improve people’s lives.

Like so many other Americans, I am a product of people who came to this country in search of a better life. Three of my grandparents were of Anglo-Saxon descent, and one was of German descent. My Anglo-Saxon ancestors came to America in the 17th and 18th centuries; my German ancestors arrived in the 19th century. And like so many other Americans, life improved for each generation of my ancestors throughout our country’s history. Sadly, this has not been the case for the current generation, as our nation no longer exhibits the vitality and promise that it did in prior decades.

Many American children live with one parent, grow up in poverty, and receive a poor education. Many families cannot access or afford proper healthcare. When adjusted for inflation, most American incomes stagnated for 28 years. Our country has unprecedented levels of debt. Unknown numbers of criminals, terrorists, and unvaccinated people enter the country illegally each year. Immigrant assimilation is no longer a priority, and a common language and culture no longer unify us. Inequality increases, as social mobility declines. Identity politics and polarizing policies, news, and speech divide us. Dysfunctional federal and state governments fail us.

If these challenges were not enough, we degrade our ecosystems and spew billions of tons of climate-altering carbon dioxide into the atmosphere each year. Radical Islam and terrorists threaten us. China and Russia expand their geographic influence and footprint. The maniacal, repressive regimes of Iran and North Korea oppress their people and threaten us. Why are our challenges mounting, and why are we no longer ascending?

In 1978, at age 19, I participated in an economic development field study of Guatemala, Costa Rica, Honduras, and Columbia. In Columbia, we visited a family that was living in a one-room home which had a dirt floor and was fly-infested. The parents and seven children slept on mats. A year later, I participated in an agricultural field study of Western Europe, Eastern Europe, and the former Soviet Union. The contrasts between life in Upstate New York and many of these countries shocked me and made me ponder why some populations prosper while others merely subsist.

International economic and cultural differences were not the only ones that I experienced during my college years. I ran into our country’s great cultural divide. Raised in rural America, I was given a strong Protestant faith and many accompanying perspectives and practices. In college, I found that most professors had little use for them.

After completing my undergraduate education in 1980, I again traveled behind the Iron Curtain to Poland where I taught English composition to scientists. I chose Poland because of the great political and economic unrest in the country and its many cultural contrasts to the United States. Poland was ethnically and religiously homogenous, Communist, and poor. Men and women with full-time jobs had to queue up for 15 to 20 hours a week just to purchase their food and household supplies. They lived in small apartments and remained poor no matter how hard they worked. The Polish government prohibited travel to Western countries and censored their communications, news, books, and periodicals.

Two years before my arrival, Karol Wojtyła, the charismatic cardinal from Kraków, became Pope John Paul II. His election gave the Poles tremendous confidence. While I was there, most Poles went on strike and gathered in the churches to protest their lack of freedom, living standards, and the Soviet occupation. All my students were members of Solidarity, the first independent labor union in a Soviet-bloc country. President Reagan and Prime Minister Thatcher supported the Poles’ strikes and protests. Lech Wałesa, the leader of Solidarity, Pope John Paul II, and Cardinal Wyszyński, the Roman Catholic Primate of Poland, orchestrated the movement.

Cosmos and Dragons of Eden by Carl Sagan were two of the several books I had brought with me. They described the evolution of the universe and human intelligence. I reflected on these books, my previous three years of reading and traveling, and all that I had learned at Purdue. The better acquainted I became with the scientific explanations of the universe and life, the more I realized that my childhood faith rested on incredulous, unsubstantiated stories that conveniently dismissed scientific perspectives which better explained the origin of the universe and life. Awestruck with the cosmos and science, and skeptical of my religious tenets, I came to favor scientific thought over my faith-based beliefs and begrudgingly underwent the religious-to-secular transformation that millions of other people have undergone.

By age 26, I had traveled to 45 states and 26 countries. I had lived in two states and two countries and completed my B.S., M.S., and the courses for a Ph.D. I had read some 200 of the world’s most thought-provoking books. I had confronted our cultural divide, embraced evidence-based knowledge, and detected the primary question that would preoccupy me for years.

Through my exposure to various cultures and thoughts, I encountered many conflicting perspectives and practices. As someone who is inquisitive, contemplative, and who values intellectual consistency, these conflicts did not sit well with me. They forced me to evaluate many of my childhood paradigms and grapple with many questions, such as:

How did the universe and life arise?

What are the implications of the narratives of science?

What is universal to human life and what is unique to a group, locale, or country?

Why did our country’s founders distrust concentrations of power?

What works best—authoritarianism or democracy, nationalism or federalism, capitalism or socialism?

What fueled the extraordinary rise of the English Common-wealth countries, the United States, Western Europe, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Singapore?

What enables large middle classes to flourish?

How do we prevent recessions, depressions, and inflation?

When are conservative and when are liberal approaches most advantageous?

Why are the results of many public policies antithetical to their authors’ intentions?

Why do people make so many decisions that inflict future suffering on themselves?

Despite my shattered paradigms and many questions, I functioned reasonably well, pursuing truth wherever it took me, being considerate of others and drawing on the habits of my youth. However, when my wife placed our son in my arms, I experienced a bit of a crisis. He came with no instruction book. What was I going to teach him? Given the perspectives and knowledge our civilization gained over the last five hundred years, what does a child need to learn? What fosters our health, effectiveness, longevity, civility, and happiness? How do we adapt our lifestyles to live responsibly and do no harm?

These questions and our faith-versus-science, right-versus-left cultural divide have haunted me for years because they separate our families, communities, and citizens. They diminish our effectiveness, social cohesiveness, and children’s futures. Having spent time on both sides of these divides and having friends who are conservative, liberal, of faith, or without faith, I have felt and been saddened by the distrust and animosity the groups have for one another.

The great irony of the divide is that each side has things the other lacks. Conservatives and people of faith maintain an empowering culture and understand that doing the right thing yields positive effects. Liberals and people of science build an empowering knowledge base and recognize that life is what we make of it.

For many years, I pondered these questions, the divides, and the insights and positions of faith communities, scientists, conservatives, and progressives. I raised my family, built three businesses, and sat on numerous local, state, and national boards. I read hundreds of books, traveled to many more states and countries, attended educational programs, and ran for Congress.

Eventually, I realized that most of us lack the interest and maturity to comprehend the evolution of the universe and life and their implications while we are in high school. And unless we study the physical and biological sciences in college, we generally never fully grasp them. This is unfortunate because if we take the time to understand these perspectives and integrate them into our thinking, we can improve our effectiveness and lives immeasurably.

This book is about the perspectives and practices that enable a population to flourish. Section I examines how Americans, Singaporeans, and the Swiss are doing, and why Americans no longer ascend. Section II discusses nine perspectives that come from an understanding of the evolution of the universe and life—Truth, Causality, Scale, Evolution, Fitness, Human Nature, Culture, Periodic Disaster, and Eco-Dependency. Sections III-VIII introduce Winning Practices of Individuals, Groups, Families, Education, Enterprise, and Government.

After years of assaults on culture and major institutions, our country is at a critical crossroads. In more credibly explaining our context, origin, and nature, scientists undermined the Judeo-Christian worldview and many of its tenets. In changing how we elect U.S. Senators in 1913 and reinterpreting the General Welfare clause of the Constitution in the 1930s, progressives broke crucial restraints on government. Reacting to their historical mistreatment, separation, and ongoing discrimination, many African Americans embrace an oppressor-oppressed, anti-Caucasian counterculture, and lacking English proficiency and legal status, many Hispanics do not assimilate.

Without unifying leadership and culture, we fight among ourselves, lurch left, lurch right, and stagnate. A right-leaning coalition values the Constitution, rule of law, limited federal government, a strong defense, free enterprise, legal immigration, intact families, charter schools, work, and economic ascendance. A left-leaning coalition values unions, public education and healthcare, improved opportunities for women and minorities, the redistribution of wealth, larger government and more regulation, the legal and illegal admission of people into the country, the environment, and the advancement of social justice. The prevalence of Winning Perspectives and Practices decreases in our population, and the prevalence of losing perspectives and practices increases.

The path forward is unclear to many people. Ignorance, opposing ideologies, and vested interests hinder us. Our past success, accumulated wealth, and tremendous capacity to borrow enable us to ignore our problems and to be foolish for a long time.

The Winning Perspectives and Practices presented in this book are a synthesis of many of the world’s most empowering perspectives and practices. They serve everyone’s interests in the long term. Health, prosperity, diminished heartache, great accomplishment, and a full life await those who understand, employ, and improve them.

Section I

How Are We Doing

Chapter 1

Three of the Most Desirable Places to Live

Winning Perspectives come to us as we understand the evolution of the universe, life, and culture. They help us identify Winning Practices from a murky sea of unlimited possibilities.

Singapore, Switzerland, and the United States

Of all the countries I have visited and studied, Singapore and Switzerland are two of the most desirable places to live in the world. Each has a strong national identity, a democratic government, little corruption, a strong rule of law, and affordable, high-quality healthcare. The countries also have excellent education systems and large proportions of their populations flourish.

Like the U.S., Singapore and Switzerland have multiple ethnic groups with different histories, cultures, and religions. The Asian city-state of Singapore is comprised primarily of Chinese, Malay, and Indians who speak English, Mandarin, Malay, or Tamil. Its principal religions include Buddhism, Islam, Hinduism, and Christianity. The small European country of Switzerland is comprised of people with German, French, Italian, and Romansh heritages who speak their own language and historically are Roman Catholic or Protestant.

Ethnic, cultural, and religious differences were a problem in Singapore and Switzerland for years. Territorial and religious wars plagued the German, French, Italian, and Romansh areas of Switzerland in the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries. Racial riots were common in Singapore in the 1960s when the Chinese dominated the Malays and Indians. Today, however, the Singaporeans and Swiss make social cohesiveness a national priority and enjoy enviable cultural harmony.

The populations of Singapore, Switzerland, and the U.S. are only 6, 8, and 320 million.[1] While the smaller populations of Singapore and Switzerland offer some social cohesiveness advantages, they are not the primary causes of their success. Most other small countries do not flourish like Singapore and Switzerland. Rather, their success is a function of their leadership, cultures, and prevalence of Winning Practices within their populations.

In 1940, Lee Kuan Yew was one of the top students in Singapore. After the Japanese occupation of Singapore, he studied law at Cambridge, and then returned to Singapore in the late 1950s. Singapore was poorer than Haiti at this time.[2] Drugs, gambling, and prostitution were widespread, and the annual per-capita income was less than $425.[3] Malaysia, concerned about the large Chinese population and racial riots, abandoned Singapore in 1965. Yew and his supporters took control of Singapore, implementing a strong rule of law, imprisoning political opposition, and cleaning up the mess. He became the first Prime Minister of Singapore and is considered the founder of the Republic of Singapore. Life steadily improved under Lee Kuan Yew and ever since. Today, Singaporeans have a thriving democracy, reside in one of the greenest and most livable cities, and have the 7th highest per-capita income in the world.[4]

Switzerland, another of the most desirable places to live in the world, has a much longer history as a nation than Singapore. It developed from the bottom up rather than the top down. Switzerland is interesting for many reasons, including its limited federal government, Executive Council, national referendums, and universal, affordable, high-quality healthcare. Figure 1 compares life in Singapore, Switzerland, and the United States. While we can learn much from many countries, Singapore and Switzerland provide some of the most important lessons.

Crime, Corruption, and Poverty

The information in Figure 1 indicates that crime, corruption, and poverty are much more serious problems in the U.S. than in Singapore or Switzerland. Homicide rates in Singapore, Switzerland, and the U.S. are 0.3, 0.5, and 5.4 and incarceration rates are 201, 81, and 655 per 100,000 people per year.[5] This means you are 12 times more likely to be murdered and 5 times more likely to be incarcerated in the U.S. than in Singapore and Switzerland. And if you live in one of the major U.S. cities, you are 100 times more likely to be murdered and 50 times more likely to be incarcerated. The Singaporean and Swiss rules of law protect people, deter crime, keep more families intact, and create environments for people to flourish better than the U.S. rule of law.

How about corruption—the abuse of public power for private gain? According to Transparency International, a highly respected international anti-corruption organization that uses expert reviews and opinion surveys to assess corruption, Singapore, Switzerland, and the U.S. ranked 6th, 3rd, and 16th among the countries in the world in 2017.[6] New Zealand, perceived to have the least corruption, ranked 1st, and Somalia, thought to have the most corruption, ranked 180th.[7]

Anecdotally, many people over 50 years old who lived in small communities recognize a general decline in honesty over the last 50 years in the United States. Few, if any of us, needed lockers in school to keep our belongings safe, and many of our parents did not lock their homes or cars. Life is much more pleasant when those around us are trustworthy and we do not fear them.

Child poverty is a larger problem in the U.S. than in Switzerland and most likely than in Singapore. While the poverty rates are unmeasured or unpublished in Singapore, you just do not see signs of much poverty anywhere in the country. The child poverty rates are 9 and 23 percent in Switzerland and the U.S.[8]

Health and Longevity

If we are not doing so well compared to the Singaporeans and Swiss regarding crime, corruption, and child poverty, how are we doing regarding health and lifespans? Obesity, a primary cause of diabetes, heart disease, cancer, and large medical bills, occurs at a frequency of 6, 20, and 36 percent in Singapore, Switzerland, and the U.S. While Switzerland has some problems with obesity, the U.S. has a serious problem. What is most disheartening about the U.S. obesity rate is that we have known about the harmful nature of American diets and sedentary lifestyles for 40 years, and yet obesity rates and the incidence of related diseases keep increasing. How can we flourish when over one-third of our population is obese?

In Singapore and Switzerland, 100 percent of the population is covered by health insurance. In the U.S., after the Affordable Care Act, 92 percent of the population has health insurance.[9] Health expenditures as a percent of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Singapore, Switzerland, and the U.S. are 5, 12, and 17 percent.[10] Healthcare in Singapore and Switzerland is consumer-driven, of high quality, and a much better value. Life expectancies in Singapore, Switzerland, and the U.S. are 85, 83, and 80 years.[11] We spend one half to three times more on healthcare per person and have a shorter life expectancy.

Income and Financial Security

Per capita incomes adjusted for purchasing power in Singapore, Switzerland, and the U.S. are $93,900, $61,400, and $59,500.[12] Singaporean living standards are remarkable given the country has no natural resources, has little developable real estate, and did not have its own drinking water until recently. Gross National Savings rates in Singapore and Switzerland are 47 and 33 percent, substantially greater than the 18 percent U.S. rate.[13]

Home ownership rates are 91 percent in Singapore, 44 percent in Switzerland, and 65 percent in the U.S.[14] Singaporean home ownership is the second highest in the world, largely because of the people’s strong work ethic and high savings rates. The government does subsidize home ownership for 20 percent of the lowest income citizens. Generally, when people purchase homes, they feel more financially secure, build equity as they age, and develop greater pride in their neighborhoods and country.

Singapore and Switzerland have more responsible governments than the U.S. Their low debt levels and little external debt are evidence of this.[15] Unlike the U.S., Singapore and Switzerland maintain balanced government budgets, and their citizens form the capital that their economies require.

Carbon Emissions

The U.S. pours far more climate-altering greenhouse gases per person into the atmosphere than Singapore and Switzerland. Americans emit an estimated 17 tons of CO2 per person per year, while the Singaporeans and Swiss emit only 10 and 4 tons.[16]

______________________

Throughout most of the 20th century, America was the land of opportunity and possibility. Most people throughout the world wanted to emulate our ways and live in or visit our country. And while we have much for which to be thankful and are doing better than people in most countries, most people I meet around the world no longer hold America in as high a regard. Benchmarking life in our country against life in other countries reveals why this might be the case, teaches us what is possible, and indicates where we can find better approaches. Studying history and consulting older, accomplished souls suggests where we have gone wrong.

Chapter 2

Losing Our Way

We thought we were different . . . more able, prosperous, and blessed. And we were more of these things, as we were more honest, hardworking, and responsible, as we took marriage, parenting, and education more seriously, and as we were more community- and country-minded.

One of the most telling indications that our country is slipping is the relative change in American and Chinese living standards between 1960 and 2017. In 1960, American living standards were 120 times greater than Chinese living standards. In 2017, they were 7 times higher.[17]

Chinese living standards have improved steadily while our living standards have stagnated. Figure 2 shows real and hypothetical growing U.S. household incomes between 1988 and 2016; the blueline signifies hypothetical growth and the blackline illustrates actual growth. Adjusted for inflation, our real-median income has been flat for a generation. If our incomes had grown at an inflation-adjusted 3 percent, which is more of a historical norm, median household income would be $121,500 rather than $59,000. Not having our act together has cost all of us dearly.

Amazingly, the Chinese economy has become almost as large as the U.S. economy. If the two economies continue to grow at their recent 21st century rates, the Chinese economy will be twice as large as ours in 12 years and four times larger in 24 years.

Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, Economic Research Division

https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/mehoinusa672n

Rising living standards in China are a great thing, but the combination of Chinese ascendancy and American decline is not good for Western values and populations. The Chinese have their own values and interests, many of which compete with ours. As China rises and the United States declines, China will reshape the international order to reflect its values and interests. China will encourage one-party rule around the world rather than constitutional republics and the rule of law. It will promote state prerogatives over individual freedoms. It will seize control of the South Pacific shipping lanes and make the terms of trade more favorable for China and less favorable to other countries. China’s currency, the renminbi, will replace the dollar as the reserve currency, decreasing American living standards an additional 10 to 20 percent.

Rising Chinese and stagnant American living standards are not our only challenges. Radical Islam and Islamic population growth are also serious problems. While our leaders hesitate to acknowledge it, the Western and Islamic cultures collide. Where we value democratic and secular government, individual rights, and male and female parity, most Islamic leaders value authoritarian and religious rule, religious orthodoxy, and male dominance.

While we may find it incomprehensible that large numbers of Muslims hate us, the fact is that many do. Our promiscuous lifestyles, dysfunctional families, alcohol and drug abuse, and high crime rates are unappealing to them. Our freedoms, gender equality, and tolerance undermine their patterns of life. Our priorities, power, and actions thwart their leaders’ aspirations.

To these serious challenges, I add seven more: (1) a failure to develop and educate many children, (2) a failure to integrate many African Americans, Hispanics, and Muslims in our country, (3) our government’s dysfunction and propensity to live beyond its means, (4) our emissions of large quantities of greenhouse gases, (5) the degradation of ecosystems and ground water, (6) the eradication of many species, and (7) the tendency for Winning Practices to decrease in prevalence and losing practices to increase within our population.

Inclusion Failures

Our ancestors provided us with a stunning start. Their pragmatism, ideals, and newly minted government, courage, hard work, sacrifice, and perseverance are legendary. The problem with our start was that our ancestors took our country from the Native Americans and enslaved Africans. The institution of slavery and the eradication of most Native Americans were travesties. While we have acknowledged the horrific treatment of Native Americans and ended slavery, we have yet to integrate many Native and African Americans into our communities.

Our destruction of the Native American culture was genocide and a lost opportunity. Had we treated Native Americans more honorably and shared more of the continent with them, we might have acquired their reverence for the environment. We might emit less carbon and fewer pollutants, be healthier, and have a brighter future.

Our inclusion failures were not only at the start. They have occurred in every decade since our country’s founding. Segregation, discrimination, and education dysfunction have created animosity between white and black people and depravity within minority communities. They have created unsafe neighborhoods, broken families, poorly parented children, and widespread alcohol and drug addiction.

Majorities discriminate against minorities throughout the world, as people ally with those who are similar to dominate those unlike themselves. This behavior is instinctual. Birds of a feather flock together and There is strength in numbers are descriptive adages of this tendency. But while this instinct served hunter-gatherers well, it serves us poorly. A people comprised of different races, ethnicities, and creeds must overcome discriminatory behavior with education, training, and legal recourse.

The lack of a clean start and our integration failures divide us. They diminish minority actualization and contribution and increase our social welfare burdens. They decrease our living standards, the prevalence of Winning Practices within our culture, and our ability to overcome challenges.

Change in the Election of U.S. Senators

The powers delegated by the proposed Constitution to the federal government are few and defined. Those which are to remain in the State governments are numerous and indefinite.[18]

—James Madison

Our founders limited the scope of the federal government in the Constitution, and they enforced this restriction with the way Senators were elected. We broke this enforcement mechanism when we passed the 17th Amendment in 1913. Before the amendment, state legislatures chose the U.S. Senators. After it, the people of each state elected the Senators. State legislator–selected Senators limited federal power; citizen-selected ones expand it.

As Figure 3 illustrates, our federal government’s expenditures as a percent of GNP were less than 4 percent for the first 125 years of our nation’s history except for a 10-year period around the Civil War. After the passage of the 17th Amendment, federal expenditures grew more than nine-fold from 2.5 to 21 percent of GNP. Add state and local expenditures to this, and government spending comprises 35 percent of GNP.

Since 1913, our federal government has expanded its powers significantly and become a wasteful, inefficient, and corrupt colossus, regulating every aspect of our life, burdening us, and stifling the economy. The stories of the state governments are more mixed. States such as New York, Illinois, and California have created larger governments, stifling their residents’ living standards; states like Florida, Indiana, South Carolina, and Texas have maintained smaller governments, furthering increases in their residents’ incomes.

Ending the state legislature check on the federal government was one of our greatest mistakes, as now special interests buy our elected representatives with campaign contributions, and our elected representatives buy our votes with legislative and spending favors. Too much government burdens a country, just as too much overhead and debt burdens families and companies. You only need to compare the great gains that populations make throughout the world when their government spending is in the 5 to 15 percent of GNP range to the small increases that occur when this ratio exceeds 20 percent. The histories of Canada, the United States, Western Europe, and Japan all demonstrate this reality.

Government Spending, Download Spending Data, Multiyear Download of US Spending 1792-2017

https://www.usgovernmentspending.com/download_multi_year_1792_2017USb_17s2li001mcn_F0f

Presidential Constitutional Failings

World history is one long chronology of governments abusing their citizens. Only with the signing of the Magna Carta by King John in 1215, the signing of the Petition of Right by King Charles I in 1628, and the passage of the Bill of Rights in 1689 did English-speaking people obtain some freedom from the oppressive rule of their leaders. Only with the adoption of the Articles of Confederation in 1781, the Constitution of the United States of America in 1788, and the first ten amendments known as the Bill of Rights in 1791 did our ancestors free us of this yoke.

The Constitution and Bill of Rights of the United States are two of the most important documents ever written. Hundreds of millions of Americans as well as other people around the world have had much better lives because of them. If you have not read these documents, I highly recommend that you do so. They are ingenious, understandable, and only about five oversized pages of text.

From 1777 to 1900, Americans appreciated their Constitution—its separation of power and checks on power and specified institutions, procedures, and requirements. Most of the government leaders took their oaths of office seriously, preserving and defending the Constitution. Unfortunately, this changed with the election of Theodore Roosevelt and has continued largely unabated ever since.

Whether or not we liked Presidents Theodore Roosevelt, Wilson, Franklin Roosevelt, Truman, Johnson, Nixon, Bush 41, Clinton, Bush 43, and Obama and their policies, their flagrant failures to defend the Constitution and abuses of power should trouble us. Their failure to uphold and defend the document that defines the separations of power, checks on power, governing processes, and our rights as citizens jeopardizes our freedoms. Their misuse of the government to reward supporters and punish opponents delegitimizes the government and polarizes us. Brion McClanahan explains many presidential failings and abuses of power in his book 9 Presidents Who Screwed Up America. Figure 4 lists several of these presidential failings and abuses of power.

Starting with Theodore Roosevelt and contrary to the separation of the legislative, executive, and judicial functions in the Constitution, numerous presidents have used the executive office, presidential favors, and executive orders to push legislative agendas. Some examples of this include: Teddy Roosevelt’s Square Deal, seizure of 230 million acres of land, and 1,081 executive orders; Woodrow Wilson’s New Freedom legislation and 1,803 executive orders; and Franklin Roosevelt’s New Deal and 3,734 executive orders, one of which confiscated much of the gold in the country. Lyndon Johnson’s Great Society legislation and 325 executive orders as well as George W. Bush’s 291 executive orders, many of which ignored fundamental American rights, are other examples of serious presidential violations of the Constitution.[19]

Several presidents also supported the federal government’s assumption of powers that the people and the Constitution never granted. Franklin Roosevelt pushed through Food Stamps, Welfare, and Social Security; Lyndon Johnson involved the federal government in education, healthcare, the arts, and public broadcasting; and Barack Obama tried to put the federal government in control of our healthcare.

Some presidents have created executive agencies with the ability to create, enforce, and adjudicate regulations. Woodrow Wilson did this with the Federal Trade Commission, and Richard Nixon with the Occupational Safety and Health Administration and the Environmental Protection Agency.

Some presidents have treated various groups more favorably or unfavorably than other ones. Woodrow Wilson exempted agricultural organizations and labor unions from the Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914, and Barack Obama’s Internal Revenue Agency discriminated against conservative nonprofits.

Barack Obama made appointments to oversee the executive departments, the National Labor Relations Board, and federal courts without congressional consent. He also weaponized federal agencies against his political opposition, prohibited the enforcement of drug laws, restricted the 287(g) program that enables police officers to apprehend illegal immigrants who are stopped for other crimes, ignored the illicit activities of sanctuary cities, and eliminated federal funding to find visitors who overstay their visas.[20]

The Constitution of the United States of America gives Congress the power to declare war and the President the authority to make treaties. Theodore Roosevelt used the military in the Panama Revolution without a declaration of war from Congress. Woodrow Wilson used the military in several Latin American countries and Russia. Lyndon Johnson did this in Vietnam, Ronald Reagan in Grenada, and Barack Obama in Libya and Syria. Harry Truman used the U.S. military as an agent of the United Nations, and Bill Clinton used it 40 times around the world.[21] Historian Brion McClanahan writes:

The slew of executive legislative initiatives since the 1930s has forced Americans to believe that American government is executive government, regardless of political party. We feel confident in our guy in office and think little of the potential ramifications should our guy be out of office and the other guy take his place. Republicans who insist on impeaching Obama for his unconstitutional acts are the same who defended George W. Bush and his unconstitutional acts, and vice versa. Inconsistency and excessive partisanship—something George Washington warned against in his Farewell Address—have inflicted terrible damage on the American experiment in republican self-government.[22]

While we need to deal with crises quickly, end discrimination, look out for the poor, assist some seniors, preserve habitats, curb pollution, and defend ourselves, we also need to adhere to our Constitution if we are to preserve our freedom and prosper. I describe approaches consistent with the Constitution to achieve all these things in Section VIII.

People wonder why our federal government is so expensive, intrusive in our lives, partisan, and dysfunctional. While there are many reasons, certainly our failure to hold our presidents accountable to the Constitution is a primary one. The repeated presidential violations of the Constitution, and the failures of Congress to impeach the presidents, the Courts to find the violations unconstitutional, and the press to expose the violations do not bode well for our country. Congress, the Judiciary, the free press, and public opinion are the only mechanisms to check unlawful presidential behavior.

Whether we are aware of it or not, our freedom, living standards, and well-being depend upon our leaders’ and citizens’ respect for and adherence to the Constitution and rule of law. When government leaders violate these rules, we must impeach them and not re-elect them. When journalists ignore leaders’ unconstitutional and unlawful actions, we must boycott their organizations. If we impeached a couple of presidents, did not re-elect more of our leaders, and ended our patronage of the most irresponsible news organizations, we would curtail these undesirable behaviors. As founding father James Madison wrote:

There are more instances of the abridgment of the freedom of the people by gradual and silent encroachments of those in power than by violent and sudden usurpations.[23]

Supreme Court Constitutional Failings

Supreme Court constitutional failings refer to the periodic failure of the U.S. Supreme Court to nullify legislation and executive actions that violate the Constitution. They result from the appointment of justices who are more interested in advancing political agendas than upholding the Constitution. They enable the Executive Branch, Congress, and the federal government to usurp many state powers and the Executive Branch to assume judicial and legislative powers.

James Madison, as the primary author of the Constitution, also was very clear on the limited, specified powers of the federal government and the intended interpretation of the general welfare clause:

With respect to the words General Welfare, I have always regarded them as qualified by the detail of powers