Learning Javascript Robotics: Design, build, and program your own remarkable robots with JavaScript and open source hardware

Table of Contents

Learning JavaScript Robotics

Credits

About the Author

About the Reviewers

www.PacktPub.com

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Why subscribe?

Free access for Packt account holders

Preface

What this book covers

What you need for this book

Who this book is for

Conventions

Reader feedback

Customer support

Downloading the example code

Downloading the color images of this book

Errata

Piracy

Questions

1. Getting Started with JS Robotics

Understanding JS Robotics, NodeBots, and Johnny-Five

What a NodeBot is, and other basic vocabulary

Johnny-Five and the NodeBot revolution

What we'll be using in this book

Setting up your development environment

Installing Node.JS

Setting up your project and installing Johnny-Five

Connecting your Microcontroller and installing Firmata

Hello, World! – Blinking an onboard LED

Writing the Johnny-Five script

Running the script

Summary

2. Working with Johnny-Five

What you'll need for this chapter

How a Johnny-Five program works

Objects, functions, and events

Going over our blink-LED script

Understanding events in Johnny-Five

Why events?

Wiring up an external LED

Setting up the hardware

Using the Read-Eval-Print-Loop (REPL)

Making components available to the REPL

Using the REPL

Summary

3. Using Digital and PWM Output Pins

What you'll need for this chapter

How GPIO pins work

Digital output pins

PWM output pins

How to tell the difference between Digital and PWM pins

Multiple pins with several LEDs

Setting up the hardware for the project

Writing the script for the project

Exploring more about LED objects in Johnny-Five

Using PWM pins with the Piezo element

Setting up the hardware

Writing the script

What's going on with the pin?

Exploring the Piezo API

Summary

4. Using Specialized Output Devices

What you'll need for this chapter

Outputs that require multiple pins

Inter-Integrated Circuits (I2C)

Checking compatibility with Johnny-Five

Obtaining documentation, wiring diagrams, and so on

Project – character LCD display

Wiring up – I2C LCDs

The code

The I2C version

The non-I2C version

Running the code

Summary

5. Using Input Devices and Sensors

What you'll need for this chapter

How analog input pins work

Johnny-Five sensor events

Using basic inputs – buttons and potentiometers

Wiring up our button and LED

Coding button-led.js

Wiring the potentiometer and the LED

Coding our dimmer switch

Using sensors – Light and Temperature

Wiring up our photocell

Coding our photocell example

barcli

Coding everything together

Wiring up the temperature sensor

Coding our temperature example

Summary

6. Moving Your Bot

What you'll need for this chapter

The different kinds of servos and motors

Defining motors and servos

Things to keep in mind

Types of motors

Types of servos

Do I use a servo or a motor?

Servo and motor controllers

Motor and servo shields

Special concerns when using motors and servos

Power concerns

Tethering and cables

Wiring up servos and motors

Wiring up servos

Wiring up motors

Creating a project with a motor and using the REPL

Exploring the motor API

Creating a project with a servo and a sensor

Exploring the servo API with the REPL

Summary

7. Advanced Movement with the Animation Library

What you'll need for this chapter

What is the Animation API?

Why do we need an Animation API?

Why animation?

Looking at the Animation API

Learning the terminology

The difference between .to() and the Animation API

Using the ServoArray object

Project – wiring up three servos and creating an array

Writing Servo Animations

Writing keyframes

The keyframe object

Keyframe shorthand

Examples of writing keyframes

Writing segments

Segment options

Multiple servos in one segment

Examples of writing segments

The Animation object

Project – animating our servo array

Animation events

Building a servo array with an informative LCD readout

Summary

8. Advanced Components – SPI, I2C, and Other Devices

What you'll need for this chapter

Why do we need the I2C and SPI protocols?

Exploring SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) devices

How SPI works

How Johnny-Five does SPI

Benefits and drawbacks of SPI

Building with an SPI device – an LED matrix

The build

The API

Formatting data for the LED matrix

The Drawing functions

The Code

Exploring I2C devices

How I2C works

Pins used by I2C

How I2C devices send and receive data

Benefits and drawbacks of I2C

Benefits

Drawbacks

Building with an I2C device – Accelerometer

Wiring up our accelerometer

Coding up our example

External Devices

Why External Devices?

node-serialport

node-hid

Building a USB gamepad

The hardware

The node-gamepad API

The code

Summary

9. Connecting NodeBots to the World, and Where to Go Next

What you'll need for this chapter

Connecting NodeBots to the Web

It's just a Node Server!

Using Twilio

Building the WeatherBot

Using the TextBot

Johnny-Five and the wide world of microcontrollers

Moving our WeatherBot to the Particle Photon

Tethering and Johnny-Five

Other JS libraries and platforms

Espruino

Tessel

Cylon.js

JerryScript

Tiny Linux computers

Vendor libraries

Where to go from here

Index

Learning JavaScript Robotics

Learning JavaScript Robotics

Copyright © 2015 Packt Publishing

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embedded in critical articles or reviews.

Every effort has been made in the preparation of this book to ensure the accuracy of the information presented. However, the information contained in this book is sold without warranty, either express or implied. Neither the author, nor Packt Publishing, and its dealers and distributors will be held liable for any damages caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by this book.

Packt Publishing has endeavored to provide trademark information about all of the companies and products mentioned in this book by the appropriate use of capitals. However, Packt Publishing cannot guarantee the accuracy of this information.

First published: November 2015

Production reference: 1231115

Published by Packt Publishing Ltd.

Livery Place

35 Livery Street

Birmingham B3 2PB, UK.

ISBN 978-1-78588-334-7

www.packtpub.com

Credits

Author

Kassandra Perch

Reviewers

Chris S. Crawford

Tomomi Imura

Commissioning Editor

Neil Alexander

Acquisition Editor

Aaron Lazar

Content Development Editor

Mayur Pawanikar

Technical Editor

Menza Mathew

Copy Editor

Kausambhi Majumdar

Project Coordinator

Nidhi Joshi

Proofreader

Safis Editing

Indexer

Rekha Nair

Production Coordinator

Manu Joseph

Cover Work

Manu Joseph

About the Author

Kassandra Perch is an open web developer and supporter. She began as a frontend developer and moved to server-side with the advent of Node.js and was especially enthralled by the advance of the NodeBots community. She travels the world speaking at conferences about NodeBots and the fantastic community around them. When she's not building bots, she's knitting, sewing, sculpting, or playing video games with her cats.

I'd like to thank my mentor—as I've said in the past, I don't know where I'd be without you, but I certainly know my life is better with you in it. My parents supported me as a child who took things apart, and their support lets me continue to do so, as well as build things of my own.

The NodeBots community deserves a huge thank you: your sense of wonder and joy in learning new things keeps me going. Special thanks to Rick and Raquel for getting me started.

About the Reviewers

Chris S. Crawford (@chris_crawford_) is a PhD student in Human-Centered Computing at the University of Florida. He is currently a graduate researcher in Brain-Computer Interface Research Group in Human-Experience Research Lab. His research focus is Brain-Robot Interaction, which consists of investigating the ways in which physiological signals such as electroencephalogram (EEG) can be used to enhance human-robot interactions. Chris has experience of working in various areas including perceptual computing, 3D computer graphics, televoting, and native/web app development. Currently, he also serves as a lead software engineer for SeniorGeek Communications, LLC.

Tomomi Imura (@girlie_mac) is an avid open web and open technology advocate, a frontend engineer, and a creative technologist, who has been active in the mobile space for more than 8 years, before she started working with Internet of Things. She loves to hack with hardware and occasionally gives talks at conferences and workshops on prototyping IoT with Raspberry Pi.

She works as a senior developer evangelist at the San Francisco-based data stream provider, PubNub, to support the best developer experiences.

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Preface

Hello! Welcome to Learning JavaScript Robotics. In this book, you'll learn how to write code for Arduino and other robotics platforms in JavaScript using Johnny-Five. We'll cover the basics of Johnny-Five, input and output devices, and even movement devices such as servos and motors. Finally, we'll cover how to connect your bots to the Internet and move your Johnny-Five code between different platforms.

What this book covers

Chapter 1, Getting Started with JS Robotics, will get you started by setting up an Arduino Uno and exploring the world of NodeBots.

Chapter 2, Working