A Brief History of Badminton from 1870 to 1949
By Betty Uber
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A Brief History of Badminton from 1870 to 1949 - Betty Uber
1939–1949
THE HISTORY OF BADMINTON: 1870–1914
ABOUT 1870 the village of Badminton in Gloucestershire became well known as a centre of sport, and Badminton Park, the country seat of the Duke of Beaufort, a great patron of sport at the time, became the scene of many sporting events. The Badminton Library of Sports and Pastimes is on sale in the shops to this day, and the Race Meeting still takes place there once a year. Apart from these two, there is little to remind one of the past except one sport—to me a very important one—the game of Badminton itself.
This game was introduced by the Duke to his guests—Army officers on leave from India—to amuse them during, one would imagine, a patch of extraordinary bad weather. This was about 1870 and was the first time, so far as is known, that the game was ever played. It was, of course, little more than a glorified form of battledore and shuttlecock, played in a large room in the Duke’s house. The curious part about these early games was that, owing to the shape of the room used, an absurd and fortuitous handicap was placed on the game for years.
It happened that the room in which they played had two large doors opening inwards on the side walls, so in order to allow people to enter and leave the room without disturbing the game in progress it was arranged that although the baselines occupied the width of the room, the court was narrowed considerably at the net—and so the ‘hour-glass’-shaped court originated. What astonishes one is that this ridiculously shaped court was accepted as being correct as recently as 1901, three All-England Championships actually taking place under these conditions.
In 1873 the game, in a primitive form, was being played by the Services in Western India, but it did not take on in England as a covered court game before about 1890. However, there was a Service club in existence in Folkestone as far back as 1875. Although these facts are all I can discover about the early days of Badminton in this country, there is a possibility that some form of it was played in France at a still earlier date. This is suggested by an eighteenth-century French print, which depicts a game in progress definitely resembling an archaic form of Badminton. I can tell you nothing further about this print, but its very existence is interesting. Another glimpse into the past can be had from an extract from Cassell’s Book of Outdoor Sport and Indoor Amusements, which was reprinted in an early edition of the Badminton Gazette. This was from an old book, unfortunately not dated, but I feel confident it describes the game in its very early infancy. It amused me enormously, so, with the permission of the Editor of the Badminton Gazette, here are some portions:
". . . The game is, in fact, an adaptation of the ancient child’s game of battledore and shuttlecock. All that is added is a net which compels each player to return the shuttlecock fairly to his adversary. . . .
"The requisites for the game are, besides the net and poles, nothing more than a few good shuttlecocks and as many battledores as there are players. The framework of the battledore should be covered in with string, like a racket, and not with parchment, so as not to make that loud noise, which is one of the disadvantages—or perhaps to some juvenile players, the attractions—of the more boyish game. The shuttlecocks should be large and solid, made of cork weighted with lead, and having a thread passed round the feathers, crossing them alternately in and out and drawn tighter or looser, according as it is wished that the shuttlecocks should go more or less quickly through the air.
"The court for Badminton need not, and should not, be nearly so large as for Lawn Tennis. Forty-two feet long and twenty feet wide is the usual size, but it may be enlarged if big and swift-flying shuttlecocks are used. Another peculiarity is the rule as to service, and the service line. This line is placed at various distances from the net, according to the strength of the bats or rackets used, but it is seldom more than nine or less than five feet from the net. The service must in this game be sent beyond and not on the inner side of the service line. . . .
". . . When it is played out of doors, and there is a wind, it is best perhaps to arrange for the net to be in line with the wind, so that each side suffers equally from the sidelong action of the air. If this is impossible, some compensation may be made by moving the net a foot or two up-wind so that the service line is only 4 to 7 feet from the net on the windward side and 6 to 11 feet off on the leeward. Also, it is a good plan to shorten considerably the length of the courts on the leeward, so as to make it more difficult for those playing up-wind to place their shuttlecocks within bounds. . . .
It may be added that when a spare room can be found, having pretty smooth walls, without too many corners and angles, Badminton may still be played with much pleasure. A room from 16 to 30 feet long and from 8 to 20 feet wide is not too small. A net may be stretched across the middle of it, and the shuttlecock, even if it does strike against the side or back walls, will bound off quite far enough to allow of its being struck by the battledore and thus the game comes to include in itself some of the charms and difficulties of Rackets, and to be, in the opinion of some players, rather improved than spoilt by the limitation of space. . . .
The latter part of this description, concerning